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Selected ruminal variables and purine urinary excretion rate of steers subjected to feeding, fasting, and re-feeding conditions

E.L. Ortolani C.A. Maruta R.A. Barrêto Júnior C.S. Mori A.C. Antonelli M.C.A. Sucupira A.H.H. Minervino
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2022 | vol. 25 | No 1 | 175-182 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.140854
Keywords rumen feed deprivation pH allantoin excretion cattle
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Abstract

The effects of feeding, fasting, and re-feeding on the ruminal profile of growing cattle were studied. Ruminal fluid and urine samples were obtained from 12 crossbred steers weighing approximately 300 kg during the following periods: 11 h of normal feeding (postprandial period), 48 consecutive hours of fasting, and followed by 48 h of re-feeding. Fasting promotes changes in the ruminal profile, such as an increase in ruminal pH, reduction in the number of rumen protozoa and bacteria, and decrease in the urinary excretion of allantoin; however, it does not change the urinary uric acid excretion rate. The overall mean ruminal pH was higher during fasting (7.53±0.27) in comparison to those at normal feeding (6.72±0.25) and re-feeding (6.62±0.31) (p<0.05). During re-feeding, the ruminal profile returned to normal, except for the protozoa count, which despite a slight increase only after 48 h of re-feeding, did not recover to baseline values.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

E.L. Ortolani
1
C.A. Maruta
1
R.A. Barrêto Júnior
2
C.S. Mori
1
A.C. Antonelli
3
M.C.A. Sucupira
1
A.H.H. Minervino
4
  1. Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo-SP, 05508-270, Brazil
  2. Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Semiarid, 59625-900, Mossoró-RN, Brazil
  3. School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Sao Francisco Valley, 56304-205, Petrolina-PE, Brazil
  4. Laboratory of Animal Health, LARSANA, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, 68040-255 Santarém-PA, Brazil

Hypertonic saline solution (NaCl 7.2%) enhances renal excretion of acids in cattle with acute ruminal lactic acidosis

F.A.M.L. Rodrigues A.H.H. Minervino R.A. Barrêto Júnior L.F. Reis R.N.F. Ferreira C.S. Mori F.L.C. Oliveira R.S. Sousa
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2019 | vol.22 | No 1 | 37-42 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2018.125605
Keywords steers ruminal lactic acidosis hypertonic saline solution
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Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of hypertonic saline solution (HSS) as a novel treatment of acute ruminal lactic acidosis (ARLA) in cattle, focusing on urinary excretion of acids. Twelve cannulated steers were submitted to experimentally induced ARLA by adminis- tering sucrose into the rumen. Twenty hours later, the cattle were randomly divided into two equal groups. The first group was treated with 7.5% HSS (5 mL/kg) over 15 min, and isotonic saline solution (ISS; 20 mL/kg) for the subsequent 165 minutes. The control group was administered ISS instead of HSS. Rumen and urine samples were collected at different times during the experiment from the baseline to 64 h post-induction. The induction caused a medium-to-moderate ruminal acidosis, and a moderate degree of systemic acidosis and dehydration. Steers treated with HSS increased by 50% its glomerular filtration rate (1.61 mL/min) compared to ISS group (1.06 mL/ min; p<0.03). The overall volume of urine excreted by HSS group was higher than that in ISS group (1.62 L vs 0.7 L; p<0.02). This increase in total volume of urine provided by HSS favored a greater excretion of H+ ions in urine, which was 3.39-fold higher in HSS group (64.3*10-7 vs 18.9*10-7 Mol) as well as lactate (241.7 vs 181.8 mMol) and P urinary excretion (3.8 vs 1.1 mMol) that reduced the urine pH (5.3 vs 5.7). Only the HSS group decreased significantly blood total lactic acid concentration (20.3 %) throughout the treatment. A positive relationship was found between the excretion of urinary phosphorus and urinary pH (r2=0.562). The results showed that this novel treatment with HSS enhanced renal excretion of acids and may be recommended as an additional treatment for cattle with lactic acidosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

F.A.M.L. Rodrigues
A.H.H. Minervino
R.A. Barrêto Júnior
L.F. Reis
R.N.F. Ferreira
C.S. Mori
F.L.C. Oliveira
R.S. Sousa

A novel orchiectomy surgical procedure in donkeys ( Equus asinus africanus) with parascrotal access

R.A. Barrêto JR L.A. Rodrigues J.P. Albuquerque F.J.A. de Sousa P.R. Firmino R.S. Sousa V.J. Pedrosa T.R. do Amaral A.H.H. Minervino
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2022 | vol. 25 | No 2 | 295-302 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.141814
Keywords inflammation donkeys peritoneal fluid surgical approach castration
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Abstract

Donkeys are a public health concern in the Northeast region of Brazil, with thousands of stray animals. Orchiectomy is an important population control measure; however, the long postoperative period with daily treatment of open wounds in the scrotum makes it difficult to perform a large number of castrations in sheltering centers. We evaluate a novel surgical procedure for orchiectomy in donkeys using parascrotal access. Twelve donkeys were used, divided into two groups: I - submitted to orchiectomy through parascrotal surgical access (novel procedure), and II - submitted to orchiectomy through scrotal access (conventional). Postoperative evaluations consisted of a macroscopic evaluation of the surgical wound (bleeding and intensity of edema), hematological parameters, and peritoneal fluid, which occurred in both groups at the moments (M): M0 - before the surgical procedure. The others moments occurred after surgery: M12 (twelve hours); M24 (twenty-four hours); M48 (forty-eight hours); M72 (seventy-two hours); M8D (eight days); and M16D (sixteen days). The surgical techniques did not generate an important systemic inflammatory response to the point detected by the leukogram, fibrinogen dosage, and peritoneal fluid. The parascrotal technique required long surgery but promoted less bleeding, less edema, and faster healing. The techniques used did not promote sufficient systemic inflammation to alter the number of leukocytes and the fibrinogen concentration; however, evaluation of the peritoneal fluid proved to be important for evaluating inflammatory processes involving the scrotum and inguinal canal. We describe a novel surgical procedure for orchiectomy in Donkeys using a parascrotal access that promoted less risk of bleeding, shorter period of edema, and healing time, but required longer surgery time.
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Authors and Affiliations

R.A. Barrêto JR
1
L.A. Rodrigues
2
J.P. Albuquerque
1
F.J.A. de Sousa
1
P.R. Firmino
1
R.S. Sousa
3
V.J. Pedrosa
1
T.R. do Amaral
1
A.H.H. Minervino
4
  1. Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of the Semiarid Region, UFERSA. Av. Francisco Mota, s/nº - Bairro Pres. Costa e Silva, CEP 59625-900, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
  2. Adílio Santos de Azevedo Veterinary Hospital, Federal Institute of Paraíba, Sousa, PB, Brazil
  3. Institute of Humid Tropic Studies – Federal University of the South and Southeast of Pará, UNIFESSPA, Xinguara-PA, Brazil
  4. Laboratory of Animal Health, LARSANA, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA. Rua Vera Paz, s/n, Salé, CEP 68040-255, Santarém, PA, Brazil

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