Since the beginning of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, enterprises have been promising the main advantages and benefits of implementing the Industry 4.0 technologies. However, the perception of new Industry 4.0 technologies may vary between different types of enterprises. The paper focuses on the main advantages of Industry 4.0 technologies for manufacturing enterprises. We analyze the difference of enterprise size and technological intensity in enterprise managers’ perception. The research was conducted based on a questionnaire survey that participated 217 enterprises from the Czech Republic. Statistical analysis showed that higher productivity and production volume are the main advantages of Industry 4.0. The present results show differences between enterprises according to their size. However, differences related to the technological complexity of enterprises have not been confirmed as an essential factor.

Leadership research is an essential part of all areas of organisational science worldwide, and there is still a lack of studies in this research area. The paper aims to determine leadership competency perceptions and their sub-competencies characteristics and determinants in the fourth industrial revolution era. The research survey, conducted in 2018-2021, covered a sample of 100 respondents from organisations from the Czech Republic. The most important competencies for leadership are effective communication, innovation, cooperation, creativity, solving problems, lifelong learning, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and motivation and support of others. We selected statistical methods ANOVA and linear regression for the characteristics of the respondents and the cluster analysis for the leaders’ 4.0 types determination. The linear regression results showed that age, the field of education, position in the organisation and tenure in the organisation of the respondents affect their assessment of the level of leadership competency. We identified three management types that are currently facing the challenges of Industry 4.0: ICT-oriented Junior Managers, Top 4.0 Prepared Leaders, and Non-Creative Unmotivated Senior Directors. The contribution of this paper is the in-depth study in the area of perceived levels of partial competencies for leadership for different criteria of respondents.