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Abstract

We examined whether allelochemical stress leads to increased lipoxygenase activity in roots of sweet maize (Zea mays L. ssp. saccharata), pea (Pisum sativum L.) and radish (Raphanus sativum L. var. radicula). The lipoxygenase activity of soluble and membrane-bound fractions was assessed in roots after exposure to ferulic and p-coumaric acids. Lipid peroxidation and membrane injury were determined as indicators of stress. Increased lipoxygenase activity of both studied fractions was followed by lipid peroxidation and plasma membrane injury. The results suggest the key role of lipoxygenase in plasma membrane injury during allelochemical stress caused by administration of hydroxycinnamic acids.

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Authors and Affiliations

Joanna Gmerek
Barbara Politycka
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of selenium in Pisum sativum L. plants pre-treated with sodium selenite or sodium selenate at a concentration of 10 and 20 μM, and then colonized by pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris). It has been hypothesized that selenium at low concentrations alleviates oxidative stress caused by aphid feeding on pea leaves. The study focused on the generation of reactive oxygen species (superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical), the activities of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase) scavenging the reactive oxygen species levels, as well as on total antioxidant activity in pea leaves. Selenium in pea leaves exposed to aphid feeding affected changes in the levels of reactive oxygen species, the activity of studied antioxidant enzymes, and the total antioxidant capacity. Effects depended on the form and concentration of selenium, as well as on the time after the colonization of pea plants by aphids. Obtained results showed beneficial effects of selenium in alleviating oxidative stress in pea leaves caused by aphid feeding.
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Authors and Affiliations

Sabina Łukaszewicz
1
Barbara Politycka
1
Beata Borowiak-Sobkowiak
2

  1. Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
  2. Department of Entomology and Environmental Protection, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland

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