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Number of results: 53
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Abstract

With the increasing demand of customisation and high-quality products, it is necessary for

the industries to digitize the processes. Introduction of computers and Internet of things

(IoT) devices, the processes are getting evolved and real time monitoring is got easier.

With better monitoring of the processes, accurate results are being produced and accurate

losses are being identified which in turn helps increasing the productivity. This introduction

of computers and interaction as machines and computers is the latest industrial revolution

known as Industry 4.0, where the organisation has the total control over the entire value chain

of the life cycle of products. But it still remains a mere idea but an achievable one where IoT,

big data, smart manufacturing and cloud-based manufacturing plays an important role. The

difference between 3rd industrial revolution and 4th industrial revolution is that, Industry

4.0 also integrates human in the manufacturing process. The paper discusses about the

different ways to implement the concept and the tools to be used to do the same.

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Authors and Affiliations

Devansh Sanghavi
Sahil Parikh
S. Aravind Raj
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Abstract

The present study addresses the utilization of induction furnace steel slag which is an anthropogenic waste, for enhancing the mechanical properties of a commercial aluminium alloy A356. Different weight percentage (3wt%, 6wt%, 9wt%, and 12wt%) of steel slag particles in 1 to 10 μm size range were used as reinforcing particles in aluminium alloy A356 matrix. The composites were prepared through stir casting technique. The results revealed an improvement in mechanical properties (i.e. microhardness and tensile strength) and wear resistance with an increase in weight percentage of the steel slag particles. This research work shows promising results for the utilization of the steel slag for enhancing the properties of aluminium alloy A356 at no additional cost while assisting at same time in alleviating land pollution.

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Authors and Affiliations

K.S. Sridhar Raja
V.K. Bupesh Raja
M. Gupta
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Abstract

This paper describes the arithmetic blocks based on Montgomery Multiplier (MM), which reduces complexity, gives lower power dissipation and higher operating frequency. The main objective in designing these arithmetic blocks is to use modified full adder structure and carry save adder structure that can be implemented in algorithm based MM circuit. The conventional full adder design acts as a benchmark for comparison, the second is the modified Boolean equation for full adder and third design is the design of full adder consisting of two XOR gate and a 2-to-1 Multiplexer. Besides Universal gates such as NOR gate and NAND gate, full adder circuits are used to further improve the speed of the circuit. The MM circuit is evaluated based on different parameters such as operating frequency, power dissipation and area of occupancy in FPGA board. The schematic designs of the arithmetic components along with the MM architecture are constructed using Quartus II tool, while the simulation is done using Model sim for verification of circuit functionality which has shown improvement on the full adder design with two XOR gate and one 2-to-1 Multiplexer implementation in terms of power dissipation, operating frequency and area.

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Authors and Affiliations

P. Velrajkumar
C. Senthilpari
J. Sheela Francisca
T. Nirmal Raj
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Abstract

In this paper voltage stability is analysed based not only on the voltage deviations from the nominal values but also on the number of limit violating buses and severity of voltage limit violations. The expression of the actual state of the system as a numerical index like severity, aids the system operator in taking better security related decisions at control centres both during a period of contingency and also at a highly stressed operating condition. In contrary to conventional N – 1 contingency analysis, Northern Electric Reliability Council (NERC) recommends N – 2 line contingency analysis. The decision of the system operator to overcome the present contingency state of the system must blend harmoniously with the stability of the system. Hence the work presents a novel N – 2 contingency analysis based on the continuous severity function of the system. The study is performed on 4005 possible combinations of N – 2 contingency states for the practical Indian Utility 62 bus system. Static VAr Compensator is used to improve voltage profile during line contingencies. A multi- objective optimization with the objective of minimizing the voltage deviation and also the number of limit violating bus with optimal location and optimal sizing of SVC is achieved by Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm.
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Authors and Affiliations

S.P. Mangaiyarkarasi
T. Sree Renga Raja
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Abstract

This work depicts the effects of deep cryogenically treated high-speed steel on machining. In recent research, cryogenic treatment has been acknowledged for improving the life or performance of tool materials. Hence, tool materials such as the molybdenum-based high-speed tool steel are frequently used in the industry at present. Therefore, it is necessary to observe the tool performance in machining; the present research used medium carbon steel (AISI 1045) under dry turning based on the L9 orthogonal array. The effect of untreated and deep cryogenically treated tools on the turning of medium carbon steel is analyzed using the multi-input-multi-output fuzzy inference system with the Taguchi approach. The cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut were the selected process parameters with an effect on surface roughness and the cutting tool edge temperature was also observed. The results reveal that surface roughness decreases and cutting tool edge temperature increases on increasing the cutting speed. This is followed by the feed rate and depth of cut. The deep cryogenically treated tool caused a reduction in surface roughness of about 11% while the cutting tool edge temperature reduction was about 23.76% higher than for an untreated tool. It was thus proved that the deep cryogenically treated tool achieved better performance on selected levels of the turning parameters.

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Authors and Affiliations

P. Raja
R. Malayalamurthim
M. Sakthivel
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Abstract

Three plant extracts viz. bulbs of Allium sativum L. (Liliaceae), seeds of Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae) and leaves of Vitex negundo L. (Verbenaceae) were evaluated against cowpea wilt pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris by mycelial dry weight method under laboratory condtions. The mean mycelium dry weights of F. oxysporum of methanol and benzene extracts of A. sativum obtained from 125 g of crused dry plant material (bulbs) were 0.0113 and 0.0174 mg, respectively. This was followed by methanol and petroleum ether extracts of A. squamosa (0.2396 and 0.2381 mg). They effectively controlled mycelial growth of cowpea wilt pathogen, however V. negundo extracts did not cause any significant mycelium growth inhibition when compared to other plant extracts tested. Among the three plant extracts, methanol extracts of A. sativum bulbs could possibly be used for controlling F. oxysporum.

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Authors and Affiliations

Kitherian Sahayaraj
Sathasivam Karthick Raja Namasivayam
Jesu Alexander Francis Borgio
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Abstract

Metal casting process involves processes such as pattern making, moulding and melting etc. Casting defects occur due to combination of

various processes even though efforts are taken to control them. The first step in the defect analysis is to identify the major casting defect

among the many casting defects. Then the analysis is to be made to find the root cause of the particular defect. Moreover, it is especially

difficult to identify the root causes of the defect. Therefore, a systematic method is required to identify the root cause of the defect among

possible causes, consequently specific remedial measures have to be implemented to control them. This paper presents a systematic

procedure to identify the root cause of shrinkage defect in an automobile body casting (SG 500/7) and control it by the application of

Pareto chart and Ishikawa diagram. with quantitative Weightage. It was found that the root causes were larger volume section in the cope,

insufficient feeding of riser and insufficient poured metal in the riser. The necessary remedial measures were taken and castings were

reproduced. The shrinkage defect in the castings was completely eliminated.

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Authors and Affiliations

B. Chokkalingam
V. Raja
J. Anburaj
R. Immanual
M. Dhineshkumar
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Abstract

In this study, Taguchi method is used to find out the effect of micro alloying elements like vanadium, niobium and titanium on the

hardness and tensile strength of the normalized cast steel. Based on this method, plan of experiments were made by using orthogonal

arrays to acquire the data on hardness and tensile strength. The signal to noise ratio and analysis of variance (ANOVA) are used to

investigate the effect of these micro alloying elements on these two mechanical properties of the micro alloyed normalized cast steel. The

results indicated that in the micro alloyed normalized cast steel both these properties increases when compared to non-micro-alloyed

normalized cast steel. The effect of niobium addition was found to be significantly higher to obtain higher hardness and tensile strength

when compared to other micro alloying elements. The maximum hardness of 200HV and the maximum tensile strength of 780 N/mm2

were obtained in 0.05%Nb addition micro alloyed normalized cast steel. Micro-alloyed with niobium normalized cast steel have the finest

and uniform microstructure and fine pearlite colonies distributed uniformly in the ferrite. The optimum condition to obtain higher hardness

and tensile strength were determined. The results were verified with experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

B. Chokkalingam
V. Raja
J. Anburaj
R. Immanual
M. Dhineshkumar
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Abstract

Energy conservation is an important step to overcome the energy crisis and prevent environmental pollution. Casting industry is a major consumer of energy among all the industries. The distribution of electrical energy consumed in all the departments of the foundry is presented. Nearly 70% of the energy is consumed especially in the melting department alone. Production of casting involves number of process variables. Even though lot of efforts has been taken to prevent defects, it occurs in the casting due to variables present in the process. This paper focuses the energy saving by improving the casting yield and by reducing the rejections. Furthermore an analysis is made on power consumption for melting in the induction furnace to produce defective castings and improvement in the casting yield. The energy consumed to produce defective castings in all other departments is also presented. This analysis reveals that without any further investment in the foundry, it is possible to save 3248.15 kWh of energy by reducing the rejections as well as by improving the casting yield. The redesign of the feeding system and the reduced major rejection shrinkage in the body casting improved the casting yield from 56% to 72% and also the effective yield from 12.89% to 66.80%.

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Authors and Affiliations

B. Chokkalingam
V. Raja
M. Dhineshkumar
M. Priya
R. Immanual
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Abstract

In this paper, the problem of concentric pervious spheres carrying a fluid sink at their centre and rotating slowly with different uniform angular velocities Ω1. Ω2 about a diameter has been studied. The analysis reveals that only azimuthal component of velocity exists and the torque, rate of dissipated energy is found analytically in the present situation. The expression of torque on inner sphere rotating slowly with uniform angular velocity Ω1, while outer sphere also rotates slowly with uniform angular velocity Ω2, is evaluated. The special cases like, (i) inner sphere is fixed (i.e. Ω1 = 0), while outer sphere rotates with uniform angular velocity Ω2, (ii) outer sphere is fixed (i.e. Ω2 = 0), while inner sphere rotates with uniform angular velocity Ω1, (iii.) inner sphere rotates with uniform angular velocity Ω1, while outer rotates at infinity with angular velocity Ω2; have been deduced. The corresponding variation of torque with respect to sink parameter has been shown via figures. AMS subject classification – 76 D07.

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Authors and Affiliations

Deepak Kumar Srivastava
Raja Ram Yadav
Supriya Yadav
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Abstract

In order to ensure that all the connected Equipment in the distribution network operates smoothly, the voltage stability of photovoltaic (PV) integrated distribution systems is very important. Sustaining the voltage profile when integrating PV is a particularly difficult issue. The primary goal of this article is to provide a consistent voltage profile to a sensitive load. A three-phase PV integrated distribution system has been chosen for investigation. An innovative feature of this system is that UPQC DVR and STATCOM systems are powered by Z-source inverters instead of traditional inverters. The ability to actively decouple power is the primary benefit of utilizing a Z-source inverter. The objective of the study effort is to use this new UPQC to synchronize a solar PV system with the distribution system. For the UPQC with battery energy storage system (BESS), the research study examines and develops the most appropriate control approach. A UPQC is a device that is used to integrate solar panels and improve the voltage stability of the distribution system. The prototype model is being developed, and the experimental findings confirm the main objective.
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Authors and Affiliations

A. Raja
1
M. Vijayakumar
2
C. Karthikeyan
3

  1. Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, SSM College of Engineering, Kumarapalayam, Namakkal – 638 183, Tamilnadu, India
  2. Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, K.S.R. College of Engineering, Tiruchengode, Namakkal-637 215, Tamilnadu, India
  3. Electrical Department, Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation Ltd., Erode – 638009, Tamilnadu, India
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Abstract

T h e a i m: The aim of the study is to present the initial experience with continuous flow left ventricle assist device (CF-LVAD) in pediatric patients with BSA below 1.5 m2.

M a t e ri a l a n d M e t h o d s: Between 2016 and 2017, CF-LVAD (the Heartware System) have been implanted in three pediatric patients in the Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland. The indications for initiating CF-LVAD were end-stage congestive heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy in all children.

R e s u l t s: Implanted patients have had BSA of 1.09, 1.42, 1.2 m2, and 37, 34, 34 kg of body weight and the age 12, 11, 12 years, respectively. The time of support was 550 days in two patients and 127 in another one, and is ongoing. The main complication has been driveline infection.

C o n c l u s i o n: The outcomes from our single-center experience using the HeartWare CF-LVAD have been excellent with a low incidence of complication and no necessity to reoperation in our patients. Children could be successfully and safely discharged home.

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Authors and Affiliations

Vivek Rai
Julita Sacharczuk
Mirosława Dudyńska
Rafał Żurek
Magdalena Czerzynska
Aleksander Szypulski
Elżbieta Wójcik
Jerzy Pacholewicz
Janusz Skalski
Tomasz Mroczek

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