At the outlet of the Hörbyedalen, at the footslope of Gizehfjellet, lies a fragment of a raised marine terrace of an altitude of 45 m above sea-level. It is undercut by a proglacial river constituting an exposure with a series of marine, fluvio-glacial and moraine deposits. A lithological characterisation of the deposits was carried out, and radiocarbon dating and TL analysis were used in an attempt to present the chronostratigraphy and development of glacial and marine events in the Hörbyebreen during the Vistulian and the Holocene.

Extensive floors of well-developed ancient trough-like valleys around Petuniabukta were subject to glacial, marine and alterations caused by gravity movements during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. Palaeogeographical changes took place and are still occurring under the influence of land uplifting movements. The earliest recognizable phase of glaciation occured during the so called Billefjorden Stage about 35.000 to 45.000 years ago. The available evidence suggests that the glaciation was divided into two stages, first the major advance and then, a minor ice advance. This glacial episode was followed by morphological alterations conditioned largely by the action of sea and gravitational factors. About 6.500 years BP a short-term, though rather extensive glacier advance took place and afterwards, the processes of marine morphogenesis recurred. The last notable glaciation phase traced from the land surface can be identified with the Little Ice Age. The Holocene changes in morphology are reflected in extensive outwash plains and a tidal plain.