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Comparison of Electrochemical Micromachining Performance using TOPSIS, VIKOR and GRA for Magnetic field and UV rays heated Electrolyte


K.G. Saravanan R. Thanigaivelan M. Soundarrajan
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 5 | e138816 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.138816
Keywords electrolyte magnet UV heating TOPSIS VIKOR GRA
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Abstract

The application of micro components in various fields such as biomedical, medical, automobile, electronics, automobile and aviation significantly improved. To manufacture the micro components, different techniques exist in the non-traditional machining process. In those techniques, electrochemical micromachining (ECMM) exhibits a unique machining nature, such as no tool wear, non-contact machining process, residual stress, and heat-affected zone. Hence, in this study, micro holes were fabricated on the copper work material. The sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) electrolyte is considered for the experiments. During the experiments, magnetic fields strength along with UV rays are applied to the electrolyte. The L₁₈ orthogonal array (OA) experimental design is planned with electrolyte concentration (EC), machining voltage (MV), duty cycle (DC) and electrolyte temperature (ET). The optimization techniques such as similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) and grey relational analysis (GRA) were employed to find the optimal parameter combinations. The entropy weight method is used to assess the weight of responses such as MR and OC. The optimal combination using TOPSIS, VIKOR and GRA methods shows the same results for the experimental runs 8, 9 and 7, and the best optimal parameter combination is 28 g/l EC, 11 V MV, 85 % DC and 37°C ET. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) results, electrolyte concentration plays a significant role by contributing 86 % to machining performance. The second and least contributions are DC (3.86 %) and ET (1.74 %) respectively on the performance. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images analyses are carried out to understand the effect of magnetic field and heated electrolyte on the work material.
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Authors and Affiliations

K.G. Saravanan
R. Thanigaivelan
M. Soundarrajan

Effect of Surface Chemical Treatment of Himalayan Nettle and Investigation of Surface, Physical and Mechanical Characteristics in Treated Nettle Fibre

R. Deepa K. Kumaresan K. Saravanan
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2023 | vol. 68 | No 2 | 571-578 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2023.142436
Keywords alkaline treatment Himalayan Nettle Fibre extraction Plant fibre Nettle Yarn
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Abstract

The main focus of this work was the effect of chemical alkaline treatment on Himalayan nettle fibre extraction and the characterization analysis of surface-modified nettle fibre. Nettle fibre is an eco-friendly material naturally grown in the Himalayan hills of India, and it is replacing man-made fibres. The fibres are primarily bound to each other and, in turn, to the core of the plant with pectin, lignin, and gums, which begin to break down through fungal, bacterial, enzymes and chemical treatment action. The stem from the nettle plant is fibrous and has a high-quality fibre to develop nettle yarn, which is utilized to make clothes and handicrafts, mostly aimed at generating livelihood opportunities for the rural tribe’s people. This method of extraction is an effective chemical treatment for enhancing interfacial adhesion between nettle fibres and the epoxy, which is one of the significant challenges to their usage in textiles. In this paper, nettle fibres treated with chemicals such as 1% sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 0.5% sodium sulphite (Na2SO3), 0.05% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and 2% acetic acid (CH3COOH). The impact of bacterial and chemical treatments on nettle fibre and untreated nettle fibre was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, which is used to study the functional elements, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that there is a fibre breaking mechanism and cross-section of yarn twist formation, physical and mechanical characteristics were then determined for fibre tensile strength, fibre length, Young’s modulus, elongation break, fineness, and moisture content.
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Authors and Affiliations

R. Deepa
1
ORCID: ORCID
K. Kumaresan
1
ORCID: ORCID
K. Saravanan
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Sathyamangalam, Erode-638401, Tamilnadu, India
  2. Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Department of Fashion Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode-638401, Tamilnadu, India

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