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Effect of photoanode structure and sensitization conditions on the photovoltaic response of dye-sensitized solar cells

Paweł Gnida Aneta Slodek Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
Opto-Electronics Review | 2022 | 30 | 1 | e140739 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2022.140739
Keywords dye-sensitized solar cells N719 phenothiazine derivatives TiO2 nanostructures co-sensitization co-adsorbents
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Abstract

This work summarises investigations focused on the photoanode impact on the photovoltaic response of dye-sensitized solar cells. This is a comparison of the results obtained by the authors’ research team with literature data. The studies concern the effect of the chemical structure of the applied dye, TiO2 nanostructure, co-adsorbents addition, and experimental conditions of the anode preparation. The oxide substrates were examined using a scanning electron microscope to determine the thickness and structure of the material. The TiO2 substrates with anchored dye molecules were also tested for absorption properties in the UV-Vis light range, largely translating into current density values. Photovoltaic parameters of the fabricated devices with sandwich structure were obtained from current-voltage measurements. During tests conducted with the N719 dye, it was found that devices containing an 8.4 µm thick oxide semiconductor layer had the highest efficiency (5.99%). At the same time, studies were carried out to determine the effect of the solvent and it was found that the best results were obtained using an ACN : tert-butanol mixture (5.46%). Next, phenothiazine derivatives (PTZ-1–PTZ-6) were used to prepare the devices; among the prepared solar cells, the devices containing PTZ-2 and PTZ-3 had the highest performance (6.21 and 6.22%, respectively). Two compounds designated as Th-1 and M-1 were used to prepare devices containing a dye mixture with N719.
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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Gnida
1
ORCID: ORCID
Aneta Slodek
2
ORCID: ORCID
Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
2 1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska St., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
  2. Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna St., 40-006 Katowice, Poland

Symmetrical and asymmetrical imino-naphthalimides in perovskite solar cells

Mateusz Korzec Sonia Kotowicz Agnieszka K. Pająk Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
Opto-Electronics Review | 2021 | 29 | 4 | 175-180 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2021.139755
Keywords naphthalimides perovskite solar cells Schiff base imine
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Abstract

In perovskite solar cells, series of symmetrical and asymmetrical imino-naphthalimides were tested as hole-transporting materials. The compounds exhibited high thermal stability at the temperature of the beginning of thermal decomposition above 300 °C. Obtained imino-naphthalimides were electrochemically active and their adequate energy levels confirm the application possibility in the perovskite solar cells. Imino-naphthalimides were absorbed with the maximum wavelength in the range from 331 nm to 411 nm and emitted light from the blue spectral region in a chloroform solution. The presented materials were tested in the perovskite solar cells devices with a construction of FTO/b-TiO2/m-TiO2/perovskite/ HTM/Au. For comparison, the reference perovskite cells were also performed (without hole-transporting materials layer). Of all the proposed materials tested as hole-transporting materials, the bis-(imino-naphthalimide) containing in core the triphenylamine structure showed a power conversion efficiency at 1.10% with a short-circuit current at 1.86 mA and an open-circuit voltage at 581 mV.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mateusz Korzec
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sonia Kotowicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Agnieszka K. Pająk
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
1 3
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 9 Szkolna St., 40-007 Katowice, Poland
  2. Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, 25 Reymont St., 30-059 Krakow, Poland
  3. Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Skłodowska St., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland

A solution-processable small-organic molecules containing carbazole or phenoxazine structure as hole-transport materials for perovskite solar cells

K. Gawlińska-Nęcek Zbigniew Starowicz D. Tavgeniene G. Krucaite S. Grigalevicius Ewa Schab-Balcerzak M. Lipiński
Opto-Electronics Review | 2019 | vol. 27 | No 2 | 137-142
Keywords Carbazole derivatives Perovskite photovoltaic cells Hole transporting materials
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Abstract

Three low molecular weight compounds bearing carbazole units (1,6-di{3-[2-(4-methylphenyl)vinyl]carbazol-9-yl}hexane and 9,9'-di{6-[3-(2-(4-methylphenyl)vinyl)-9-carbazol-9-yl]hexyl}-[3,3']bicarbazole) and phenoxazine structure (10-butyl-3,7-diphenylphenoxazine) were tested as hole-transporting materials in perovskite solar cells. Two of them were successfully applied as hole transporting layers in electroluminescent light emitted diodes. The examined compounds were high-thermally stable with decomposition temperature found at the range of 280–419 °C. Additionally, DSC measurement revealed that they can be converted into amorphous materials. The compounds possess adequate ionization potentials, to perovskite energy levels, being in the range of 5.15–5.36  eV. The significant increase in power conversion efficiency from 1.60% in the case of a device without hole-transporting layer, to 5.31% for device with 1,6-di{3-[2-(4-methylphenyl)vinyl]carbazol-9- yl}hexane was observed.

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Authors and Affiliations

K. Gawlińska-Nęcek
Zbigniew Starowicz
ORCID: ORCID
D. Tavgeniene
G. Krucaite
S. Grigalevicius
Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
ORCID: ORCID
M. Lipiński

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