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Abstract

The pathogenetic bacteria are in flowed to the Dzierżno Duże dam-reservoir by highly polluted Kłodnica River. Their considerable number decreases along with distance within the reservoir. From the Kłodnica River estuary and in the distance 700 m, the water quality is classless (coefficient of Coli - fecal type was 0.002 - 0.008). In the 1500 m distance water quality was III and II class purification. Near the Kłodnica River estuary the number of streptococci fecal-type, rod-shaped bacteria (Clostridium) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was big (MPN 2400). The FC/FS index (fecal coliform/fecal enterococci) was 4. It is indicative of human-fecal pollution. No diversification in the number of staphylococci depending on sample point localization was recorded. The research by traditional and the latest methods did not confirm the presence of Salmonella in the water of reservoir. The investigations of staphylococci and Pseudomonas aeruginosa seem to confirm the role of zooplankton as an important element (consumption of biocenosis feeding on bacteria pressure) in the selfpurification processes. The patho-rnicrobiological pollution of the reservoir is a factor, due to recreational function of its east part of.
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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksandra Smyłla
Katarzyna Glowacka
Maciej Kostecki
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Abstract

Badania nad przeżywalnością bakterii w wodzie prowadzono na szczepach: Escherichia coli K 12 J62- l oraz Escherichia coli KI 2 J62- l RI otrzymanych od cir P.J. McDermott' a z Uniwersytetu w Staffordshire. W wodzie pobranej z 2 punktów zbiornika Dzierżno Duże: filtrowanej (0,5 um - Syn por), sterylizowanej oraz po wprowadzeniu dodatkowego substratu odżywczego - glukozy, porównano przeżywalność plazmidowego i bezplazmidowego szczepu £. Coli. Wykazano, że liczba komórek bakteryjnych wprowadzonych do wody obniża się z różną szybkością zależnie od obecności czynników biotycznych. Obserwowano znaczący spadek liczebności bakterii w próbkach wody sączonej (92% i 46% w 3 dniu doświadczenia). Jest to prawdopodobnie wynikiem obecności w wodzie bakteriofagów charakterystycznych dla Ee coli Kl 2, których obecność, specyficzną zarówno dla szczepu plazmidowego jak i bezplazmidowego stwierdzono w użytej do badań wodzie. W próbkach wody sterylnej, pozbawionej flory autochtonicznej, obserwowano powolny, niewielki spadek liczebności od 7 do 21 dnia. W zastosowanym układzie doświadczenia nie stwierdzono istotnego polepszenia przeżywalności w obecności plazmidu. a niekiedy lepiej przeżywał szczep bezplazmidowy. Wprowadzenie glukozy spowodowało, że mimo obciążenia metabolicznego jakim jest plazmid dla komórki, przeżywalność obydwu szczepów była zbliżona.
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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksandra Nadgórska
Aleksandra Smylła
Maciej Kostecki
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Abstract

In 1998 microbiological investigation of water on eleven sample points, of the greatest antropogenie reservoir in the West-part of Upper Silesian Region was carried out. Total numbers of psychrophiles, mesophiles, Coliform bacteria was determined. In the estuary of Kłodnica river Coli-coefficient was 0.00004, coefficient of Coli-faecal type was 0.0009. These values indicate severe water pollution with faecal matter over the standards for waters and sewage waters. With the distance from estuary of Kłodnica river microbiological pollution factors decrease was observed. After 1 km Coli-coefficient was 100-product decrease. In the sample point at the end of longitude profile, near the dam vicinity, values of those indicators successfully decreased to 0.1 of the Coli-form and 1 for Coli-faecal type. In the 4 sample points along the length of left bank of second part of reservoir (West-part) the differentiation of water quality was observed between I and III quality classes. Decrease of numbers of faecal streptococci by flow-line from 6000 in the estuary of the Kłodnica river to 15 in the pelagic point and 4 in the end of reservoir was determined. Decrease in microbiological factor is the greatest on the first 1000 meters of longitude profile of the reservoir. Very important in decrease of bacteria numbers is sedimentation process of alochtonie suspended solids.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Kostecki
Aleksandra Smyłła
Aleksandra Starczyńska
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Abstract

The prevalence of heavy metals in wastewater is the cause of death of numerous organisms which take part in biological treatment of wastewater, that is why the aim of the study has been to asses the influence of cadmium and copper ions upon the microfauna of activated sludge. 5, 10, 50, and 100 mg/l of Cd2+ and Cu2+ were added into the samples of activated sludge and then, after 24 hours, the microscopic observations of activated sludge microfauna were carried out, and all changes concerning the amount of microfauna, functional groups, and species composition were determined. The results obtained allowed to find a high level of toxicity of Cd2+ and Cu2+ ions to activated sludge microfauna, which resulted in the changes in the value of the Sludge Biotic Index and classes of sludge, survivability of microfauna, and reduction in the number of taxonomic units. It was observed that Cu2+ ions are more toxic to activated sludge microfauna than Cd2+ ions in identical doses. Organisms sensitive to Cd2+ and Cu2+ ions have been found to be testate amoebae, Aspidisca sp. and Epistylis sp., as well as organisms relatively sensitive to tested metals, which turned out to be ciliates of Opercularia and Vorticella convalaria genera.

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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksandra Smyłła
Maciej Kostecki
Piotr Krupa
Beata Malinowska
Anna Kliś

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