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Abstract

The paper presents a method of how the nonlinear boundary condition [1] may be applied in nonlinear problems of electromagnetic field theory. It is introduced for problems with nonlinear conductivity. An analytical procedure has been constructed, which seeks to reduce calculations related with the nonlinear region. In order to verify the proposed solutions, two problems have been formulated: one of linear and the other of cylindrical symmetry. These have been additionally solved by the authors’ modification of the perturbation method that has been described in previous papers [7, 8, 10]. The electromagnetic field distribution obtained thereby has served as a referential result since it can obtain very accurate solutions [10]. Relative errors of electric and magnetic field strength are introduced to verify the results.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marcin Sowa
Dariusz Spałek
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Abstract

The generalized magnetizing curve series for the nonlinear magnetic circuit is proposed. Subsequently, three definitions of selfinductance for the nonlinear magnetic circuit are compared. The passivity of the magnetic circuit is reconsidered. Three theorems that describe features of Fourier harmonics of distorted waveforms have been proved.
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Authors and Affiliations

Dariusz Spałek
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Silesian University of Technology, Electrical Engineering Faculty, Akademicka 10, 44-100 Gliwice Poland
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Abstract

The paper presents an analytical solution of levitation problem for conductive, dielectric and magnetically anisotropic ball. The levitation exerts either an AC or impulse magnetic field. Both the Lorentz and material electromagnetic forces (of magnetic matter) could lift the ball in a gravitational field. The electromagnetic field distribution is derived by means of variables separation method. The total force is evaluated by Maxwell stress tensor (generalized), co-energy and Lorentz methods. Additionally, power losses are calculated by means of Joule density and the Poynting vector surface integrals. High frequency asymptotic formulas for the Lorentz force and power losses are presented. All analytical solutions derived could be useful for rapid analysis and design of levitations systems. Finally, some remarks about considered levitations are formulated.
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Bibliography

  1.  K.J. Binns, P.J. Lawrenson, and C.W. Trowbridge, The analytical and numerical solution of electric and magnetic fields, John Wiley & Sons, 1992.
  2.  B.S. Guru and H.R. Hiziroglu, Electromagnetic field theory fundamentals, University Press, Cambridge, 2004.
  3.  V. Dolga and L. Dolga, “Modeling and simulation of a magnetic levitation system”, Annals of the Oradea University of Timisoara, Romania, VI (XVI) (2007).
  4.  H. Górecki and M. Zaczyk, “Determination of optimal controllers. Comparison of two methods for electric network chain”, Bull. Pol. Ac.: Tech.66 (3), 267–273 (2018).
  5.  E. Fromm and H. Jehn, “Electromagnetic forces and power absorption in levitation melting”, British Journal of Applied Physics, 16, 653–663 (1965).
  6.  M. Zdanowski and R. Barlik, “Analytical and experimental determination of the parasitic parameters in high-frequency inductor”, Bull. Pol. Ac.: Tech.65 (1), 107–112 (2017).
  7.  E.C. Okress, D.M. Wroughton, G. Comenetz, P.H. Brace, J.C.R. Kelly, “Electromagnetic levitation of solid and molten metals”, J. Appl. Phys. 23 (5), 545–552 (1952).
  8.  D. Spałek, “Theorem about electromagnetic force surface representation in anisotropic region”, J. Tech. Phys.XLVIII (3-4), 135–145 (2007).
  9.  W.R. Smythe, Static and dynamic electricity, McGraw–Hill Book Company, New York, 1950.
  10.  D. Spałek, “Electromagnetic torque components in synchronous salient-pole machine”, COMPEL. Int. J. Comput. . Math. Electr. Electron. Eng. 16 (3), 129–143 (1997).
  11.  D. Spałek, “Two theorems about surface-integral representation of electromagnetic force and torque”, IEEE Trans. Magn. 53 (7), 1–10 (2017).
  12.  W. He, J. Zhang, S. Yuan, A. Yang, and Ch. Qu, “Threedimensional magneto-electric vibration energy harvester based on magnetic levitation”, IEEE Magn. Lett. 8, 6104703 (2017).
  13.  L. Ułanowicz and G. Jastrze˛bski, “The analysis of working liquid flow in a hydrostatic line with the use of frequency characteristics”, Bull. Pol. Ac.: Tech. 68 (4), 949–956, (2020).
  14.  T. Kaczorek, “Stability analysis of positive linear systems by decomposition of the state matrices into symmetrical and antisymmetrical parts”, Bull. Pol. Ac.: Tech. 67 (4), 761–768 (2019).
  15.  B.P. Mann and N.D. Sims, “Energy Harvesting from the Nonlinear Oscillations of Magnetic Levitation”, Universities of Leeds, Sheffield and York (promoting access to White Rose research papers http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/), 2017.
  16.  D. Spałek, “Analytical electromagnetic field and forces calculation for linear, cylindrical and spherical electromechanical converters”, Bull. Pol. Ac.: Tech. 52 (3), 239–250 (2004).
  17.  D. Spałek, “Levitation of Conductive and Magnetically Anisotropic Ball”, IEEE Trans. Magn. 55 (3), 1000406 (2019).
  18.  D. Spałek, “Generalization of Maxwell Stress Tensor Method for Magnetically Anisotropic Regions”, IEEE Trans. Magn. 55 (12), 1000406 (2019).
  19.  J.R. Wait, “A conductive sphere in a time varying magnetic field”, Geophysics, 16 (4), 666–672 (1951).
  20.  K. Jayasekera and I. Ciric, “Benchmark Computations of the Fields, Losses, and Forces for Conducting Spheroids in the Proximity of Current- Carrying Turns”, IEEE Trans Magn. 42 (7), 1802–1811 (2006).
  21.  I.S. Gradshteyn and I.M. Ryzhik, Tables of Integrals, Series, and Products, Academic Press, 2015.
  22.  D. Spałek, “Fourth boundary condition for electromagnetic field problems”, J. Tech. Phys. XLI (2), 129–144 (2000).
  23.  D. Spałek, “Anisotropy component of electromagnetic force and torque”, Bull. Pol. Ac.: Tech. 58 (1), 107–117 (2010).
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Authors and Affiliations

Dariusz Spałek
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Silesian University of Technology, Electrical Engineering Faculty, ul. Akademicka 10, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Abstract

The paper presents an approach to differential equation solutions for the stiff problem. The method of using the classic transformer model to study nonlinear steady states and to determine the current pulses appearing when the transformer is turned on is given. Moreover, the stiffness of nonlinear ordinary differential state equations has to be considered. This paper compares Runge–Kutta implicit methods for the solution of this stiff problem.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bernard Baron
1
ORCID: ORCID
Joanna Kolańska-Płuska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Marian Łukaniszyn
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dariusz Spałek
2
ORCID: ORCID
Tomasz Kraszewski
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatic Control and Informatics, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland
  2. Institute of Electrotechnics and Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, 10 Akademicka St., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
  3. Research and Development Center GLOKOR Sp. z o.o., Górnych Wałów 27A St., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland

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