The main purpose of the article is to try to substantiate the advisability of classification

of benefits according to the criterion of factors of the location of their production and to

develop a matrix for such a classification. Morphological analysis is used as the main study

method. The existence of four groups and a number of subgroups of benefits is established,

in the location of production of which one pair of factors dominates: from the “production

of benefits” side and from the “place” side. The basics of the classification of benefits are

developed, the location of production of which should take into account several pairs of

factors. The result is a matrix for performing the classification of benefits by factors of the

location of production, the filling of which will improve the quality and speed up decisionmaking on the choice of optimal places for the production of benefits. This study, in addition

to being important for the theory of benefits and the theory of the spatial organization of

the economy, has significant practical and social consequences, since it makes an important

step in improving the justification for the location of production of benefits.

The optimal decision regarding the place of production is an essential, sometimes determining factor of its effectiveness. The main drawback in substantiating the optimal location of production is the lack of a system approach to accounting in the analysis of potential sales markets. Orientation, when justifying the optimal location of production, only to some particular sales market (and orientation to specific sales markets is necessary both in terms of taking into account the costs of moving the benefit from the place of production to the places of consumption, and in terms of production capacity, since it depends unit cost of production) is erroneous because it does not take into account many other competitive options. The article develops a system approach to rationale optimal locations and production capacity, based on a comparison of combinations of locally optimal places, the total production capacity of which is equal to the total (system) demand. The variant of combinations of locally optimal places with minimal total costs is systemically optimal. The result of solving the problem will be information about 4 parameters of the production of benefit: “where?” (in what places), “how much?” (in each of these places), “how?” (with what technology in each of these places), “for whom?” (sales markets for each of these places). The system approach proposed in the article to rationale the optimal location of the production of a single benefit can be adapted to a more complex situation, when the optimal location of the production of several benefits is justified at the same time. Further research is promising in the direction of a clearer determination of the boundaries of the space of possible location of production, as well as in the direction of studying the possibility of aggregating potential sales markets.

Despite the presence of a huge amount of research on various aspects related to the rationale for selection of optimal technologies, spatial aspects have traditionally remained unattended by scientists. Justification for selection of optimal technologies for the production and transportation of good and justification for selection of optimal location and capacity of the corresponding industries are interrelated tasks of the complex problem of optimizing the spatial and technological development of an economic sector within the relevant space. At first, based on the criterion of the availability of factors of production of the corresponding good, attractive production sites are identified and for each of them selection of place-based optimal production technology is justified. The developed systematic approach involves the stage of identifying locally optimal places and technologies of production and transportation for each sales market option according to the criterion of the minimum total costs of producing a good in the volume of demand of the corresponding sales market option and the costs of transporting this good to potential sales markets that form the evaluated market option sales in the amount of their demand. At the final stage, options for potential systemically optimal places and technologies, which are formed from locally optimal places and technologies, are compared. The option of potential systemically optimal locations and corresponding production and transportation technologies with minimal total costs for production and transportation is the best.