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Abstract

The densification behavior of H13 tool steel powder by dual speed laser scanning strategy have been characterized for selective laser melting process, one of powder bed fusion based metal 3d printing. Under limited given laser power, the laser re-melting increases the relative density and hardness of H13 tool steel with closing pores. The single melt-pool analysis shows that the pores are located on top area of melt pool when the scanning speed is over 400 mm/s while the low scanning speed of 200 mm/s generates pores beneath the melt pool in the form of keyhole mode with the high energy input from the laser. With the second laser scanning, the pores on top area of melt pools are efficiently closed with proper dual combination of scan speed. However pores located beneath the melt pools could not be removed by second laser scanning. When each layer of 3d printing are re-melted, the relative density and hardness are improved for most dual combination of scanning. Among the scan speed combination, the 600 mm/s by 400 mm/s leads to the highest relative density, 99.94 % with hardness of 53.5 HRC. This densification characterization with H13 tool steel laser re-melting can be efficiently applied for tool steel component manufacturing via metal 3d printing.

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Authors and Affiliations

Im Doo Jung
Jungho Choe
Jaecheol Yun
Sangsun Yang
Dong-Yeol Yang
Yong-Jin Kim
Ji-Hun Yu
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Abstract

In this study, stainless steel 316L and Inconel 625 alloy powders were additively manufactured by using directed energy deposition process. And heat treatment effect on hardness and microstructures of the bonded stainless steel 316L/Inconel 625 sample was investigated. The microstructures shows there are no secondary phases and big inclusions near interfacial region between stainless steel 316L and Inconel 625 except several small cracks. The results of TEM and Vickers Hardness show the interfacial area have a few tens of micrometers in thickness. Interestingly, as the heat treatment temperature increases, the cracks in the stainless steel region does not change in morphology while both hardness values of stainless steel 316L and Inconel 625 decrease. These results can be used for designing pipes and valves with surface treatment of Inconel material based on stainless steel 316L material using the directed energy deposition.
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Bibliography

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[3] G .S. Lee, Y.S. Eom, K.T. Kim, B.K. Kim, J. H. Yu, J. Korean Powder Metall. Inst. 26, 138 (2019).
[4] Y.S. Eom, D.W. Kim, K.T. Kim, S.S. Yang, J. Choe, I. Son, J.H. Yu, J. Korean Powder Metall. Inst. 27, 103 (2020).
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[8] J.S. Park, M.-G. Lee, Y.-J. Cho, J. H. Sung, M.-S. Jeong, S.-K. Lee, Y.-J. Choi, D.H. Kim, Met. Mater. Int. 22, 143 (2016).
[9] R . Koike, I. Unotoro, Y. Kakinuma, Y. Oda, Int. J. Autom. Techno. 13, 3 (2019).
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Authors and Affiliations

Yeong Seong Eom
1 2
Kyung Tae Kim
1
Dong Won Kim
1
Ji Hun Yu
1
Chul Yong Sim
3
Seung Jun An
3
Yong-Ha Park
4
Injoon Son
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwon-daero, Changwon, Republic of Korea
  2. Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
  3. Insstek, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
  4. Samsung Heavy Industries, Geoje-si, Republic of Korea
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Abstract

In this study, we propose a cooling structure manufactured using a specialized three-dimensional (3D) printing design method. A cooling performance test system with complex geometry that used a thermoelectric module was manufactured using metal 3D printing. A test model was constructed by applying additive manufacturing simulation and computational fluid analysis techniques, and the correlation between each element and cooling efficiency was examined. In this study, the evaluation was conducted using a thermoelectric module base cooling efficiency measurement system. The contents were compared and analyzed by predicting the manufacturing possibility and cooling efficiency, through additive manufacturing simulation and computational fluid analysis techniques, respectively.
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Bibliography

[1] M .K. Thompson et al, Design for Additive Manufacturing: Trends, opportunities, considerations, and constraints, CIRP Annuals 65, 737-760 (2016).
[2] M . Kumke, H. Watschke, T. Vietor, A new methodological framework for design for additive manufacturing, Virtual and Physical Prototyping 11, 3-19 (2016).
[3] L. Frizziero and et al., Design for Additive Manufacturing and Advanced Development Methods Applied to an Innovative Multifunctional Fan, Additive Manufacturing: Breakthoughs in Research and Practic 34 (2020).
[4] F .F. Wang, E. Parker, 3D printed micro-channel heat sink design considerations, 2016 International Symposium on 3D Power Electronics Integration and Manufacturing 16320350 (2016).
[5] Chunlei Wan and et al., Flexible n-type thermoelectric materials by organic intercalation of layered transition metal dischalcogenide TiS2, Nature Materials 14, 622-627 (2015).
[6] M . Helou, S. Kara, Design, analysis and manufacturing of lattice structures: an overview, International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing 31, 243-261 (2018).
[7] C. Dimitrios et al., Design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) of hot stamping dies with improved cooling performance under cyclic loading conditions, Additive Manufacturing 18, 101720 (2020).
[8] D. Yong et al., Thermoelectric materials and devices fabricated by additive manufacturing, Vacuum 178, 109384 (2020).
[9] S. Ning et al., 3D-printing of shape-controllable thermoelectric devices with enhanced output performance, Energy 195, 116892 (2020).
[10] S. Emrecan et al., Thermo-mechanical simulations of selective laser melting for AlSi10Mg alloy to predict the part-scale deformations, Progress in Additive Manufacturing 465-478 (2019).
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Authors and Affiliations

Yeong-Jin Woo
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Dong-Ho Nam
1
ORCID: ORCID
Seok-Rok Lee
1
ORCID: ORCID
Eun-Ah Kim
1
ORCID: ORCID
Woo-Jin Lee
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dong-Yeol Yang
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ji-Hun Yu
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yong-Ho Park
2
ORCID: ORCID
Hak-Sung Lee
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
  2. Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea

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