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Optical waveform monitoring based on a free-running mode-locked femtosecond fibre laser and four-wave mixing in a highly nonlinear fibre

Y. Liu Y.G. Zhang D. Tang
Opto-Electronics Review | 2016 | vol. 24 | No 2 | 62-74
Keywords optical sampling mode–locked fibre laser four–wave mixing highly nonlinear fibre optical waveform monitoring eye diagram measurement
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Abstract

Optical sampling based on ultrafast optical nonlinearities is a useful technique to monitor the waveforms of ultrashort optical pulses. In this paper, we present a new implementation of optical waveform sampling systems by employing our newly constructed free-running mode-locked fibre laser with a tunable repetition rate and a low timing jitter, an all-optical waveform sampler with a highly nonlinear fibre (HNLF), and our developed computer algorithm for optical waveform display and measurement, respectively. Using a femtosecond fibre laser to generate the highly stable optical sampling pulses and exploiting the four-wave mixing effect in a 100 m-long HNLF, we successfully demonstrate the all-optical waveform sampling of a 10 GHz optical clock pulse sequence with a pulse width of 1.8 ps and a 80 Gbit/s optical data signal, respectively. The experimental results show that waveforms of the tested optical pulse signals are accurately reproduced with a pulse width of 2.0 ps. This corresponds to a temporal resolution of 0.87 ps for optical waveform measurement. Moreover, the optical eye diagram of a 10Gbit/s optical data signal with a 1.8 ps pulse width is also accurately measured by employing our developed optical sampling system.

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Authors and Affiliations

Y. Liu
Y.G. Zhang
D. Tang

Caspase-1 inhibitor reduced the lung injury in a mouse model of pleuropneumonia caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Y. Zhang T. Yang F. Huang
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2020 | vol. 23 | No 4 | 605-610 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2020.135807
Keywords porcine contagious pleuropneumonia mice caspase-1 inhibitors caspase-1dependent pyroptosis
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Abstract

The pathogenesis of porcine contagious pleuropneumonia is poorly understood. In the present study, a mouse model of intranasal infection by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App) was used to examine lung inflammation. The pathogical results of lung tissues showed that App-infected mice showed dyspnea and anorexia, with severe damage by acute hemorrhage, and infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes, as well as increased expression of caspase-1 p20, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Caspase-1 inhibitors reduced both lung tissue damage and the expression of caspase-1 p20, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and IL-18 in infected mice. These findings suggest that the caspase-1 dependent pyroptosis involved in the pathogenesis of the mouse pleuropneumonia caused by App and the inhibition of caspase-1 reduced the lung injury of this pleuropneumonia

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Authors and Affiliations

Y. Zhang
T. Yang
F. Huang

Protective effect of lithium chloride on pulmonary injury caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae via inhibition of GSK-3β-NF-κB-dependent pathway

Y. Zhang W. Xu Y. Tang F. Huang
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2022 | vol. 25 | No 1 | 35-44 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.140838
Keywords porcine contagious pleuropneumonia mouse model lithium chloride toll-likereceptor 4 GSK-3β-NF-κB-dependent pathways
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Abstract

Porcine contagious pleuropneumonia (PCP) is a very serious respiratory disease which is difficult to prevent and treat. In this study, the therapeutic effects of lithium chloride (LiCl) on PCP were examined using a mouse model. A mouse model of PCP was established by intranasal infections with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App). Histopathological analysis was performed by routine paraffin sections and an H-E staining method. The inflammatory factors, TLR4 and CCL2 were analyzed by qPCR. The expression levels of p-p65 and pGSK-3ß were detected using the Western Blot Method. The death rates, clinical symptoms, lung injuries, and levels of TLR-4, IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α, and CCL2 were observed to decrease in the App-infected mice treated with LiCl. It was determined that the LiCl treatments had significantly reduced the mortality of the App-infected cells, as well as the expressions of p-p65 and pGSK-3ß. The results of this study indicated that LiCl could improve the pulmonary injuries of mice caused by App via the inhibition of the GSK-3β-NF-κB-dependent pathways, and may potentially become an effective drug for improving pulmonary injuries caused by PCP.
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Bibliography


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Chen K, Wu Y, Zhu M, Deng Q, Nie X, Li M, Wu M, Huang X (2013) Lithium chloride promotes host resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. Mol Vis 19: 1502-1514.
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Li B, Fang J, Zuo Z, Yin S, He T, Yang M, Deng J, Shen L, Ma X, Yu S, Wang Y, Ren Z (2018) Activation of porcine alveolar macrophages by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae lipopolysaccharide via the toll-like receptor 4/NF-kappaB-mediated pathway. Infect Immun 86: e00642-17.
Li H, Gao D, Li Y, Wang Y, Liu H, Zhao J (2018) Antiviral effect of lithium chloride on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in Vitro. Res Vet Sci 118: 288-294.
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Authors and Affiliations

Y. Zhang
1
W. Xu
1
Y. Tang
1
F. Huang
1 2
  1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Furong District, Nongda Road, No.1, Changsha 410128, China
  2. Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Furong District, Nongda Road, No.1, Changsha 410128, China

Influence of the number of turns on the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor

H. Qiu Y. Zhang C. Yang R. Yi
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2020 | 68 | No. 3 | 429-436 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2020.133375
Keywords eddy current density losses PMSM the number of turns temperature field
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Abstract

The current passed by the stator coil of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) provides rotating magnetic field, and the number of turns will directly affect the performance of PMSM. In order to analyze its influence on the PMSM performance, a 3 kW, 1500 r/min PMSM is taken as an example, and the 2D transient electromagnetic field model is established. The correctness of the model is verified by comparing the experimental data and calculated data. Firstly, the finite element method (FEM) is used to calculate the electromagnetic field of the PMSM. The performance parameters of the PMSM are obtained. On this basis, the influence of the number of turns on PMSM performance is quantitatively analyzed, including current, no-load back electromotive force (EMF), overload capacity and torque. In addition, the influence of the number of turns on eddy current loss is further studied, and its variation rule is obtained, and the variation mechanism of eddy current loss is revealed. Finally, the temperature field of the PMSM is analyzed by the coupling method of electromagnetic field and temperature field, and the temperature rise law of PMSM is obtained. The analysis of this paper provides reference and practical value for the optimization design of PMSM.

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Authors and Affiliations

H. Qiu
Y. Zhang
C. Yang
R. Yi

Y Addition Effects on Hot Deformation Behavior of Cu-Zr Alloys with High Zr Content

K. Tian B. Tian A.A. Volinsky Y. Zhang Y. Liu Y. Du
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2018 | vol. 63 | No 2 | DOI: 10.24425/122417
Keywords Cu-1%Zr alloy high Zr content yttrium hot deformation activation energy dynamic recrystallization
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Abstract

Isothermal hot compression experiments were carried out using the Gleeble-1500D thermal mechanical simulator. The flow stress of the Cu-1%Zr and Cu-1%Zr-0.15%Y alloys was studied at hot deformation temperature of 550°C, 650°C, 750°C, 850°C, 900°C and the strain rate of 0.001 s–1, 0.01 s–1, 0.1 s–1, 1 s–1, 10 s–1. Hot deformation activation energy and constitutive equations for two kinds of alloys with and without yttrium addition were obtained by correlating the flow stress, strain rate and deformation temperature. The reasons for the change of hot deformation activation energy of the two alloys were analyzed. Dynamic recrystallization microstructure evolution for the two kinds of alloys during hot compression deformation was analyzed by optical and transmission electron microscopy. Cu-1%Zr and Cu-1%Zr-0.15%Y alloys exhibit similar behavior of hot compression deformation. Typical dynamic recovery occurs during the 550-750°C deformation temperature, while dynamic recrystallization (DRX) occurs during the 850-900°C deformation temperature. High Zr content and the addition of Y significantly improved Cu-1%Zr alloy hot deformation activation energy. Compared with hot deformation activation energy of pure copper, hot deformation activation energy of the Cu-1%Zr and Cu-1%Zr-0.15%Y alloys is increased by 54% and 81%, respectively. Compared with hot deformation activation energy of the Cu-1%Zr alloy, it increased by 18% with the addition of Y. The addition of yttrium refines grain, advances the dynamic recrystallization critical strain point and improves dynamic recrystallization.
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Authors and Affiliations

K. Tian
B. Tian
A.A. Volinsky
Y. Zhang
Y. Liu
Y. Du

FATIGUE BEHAVIOR AND MECHANISM OF FV520B-I OWING TO THE EFFECT OF LOADING FREQUENCY ON THE FATIGUE PROPERTY IN HCF AND VHCF REGIME

H. Lu J. Wang Y. Zhang Q. Zhao Z. Zhang B. Shi Q. Sun
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2018 | vol. 63 | No 1 | DOI: 10.24425/118947
Keywords ultrahigh loading frequency FV520B-I fatigue strength fatigue conversion model
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Authors and Affiliations

H. Lu
J. Wang
Y. Zhang
Q. Zhao
Z. Zhang
B. Shi
Q. Sun

The study on bactericidal effect and ultrastructural alterations of chlorocresol nanoemulsion disinfectant against Staphylococcus aureus

Y.F. Zhang Y.W. Sun X.H. Liu Z.X. An X.F. Yang
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2023 | vol. 26 | No 1 | 13-20 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145002
Keywords chlorocresol nanoemulsion disinfectant Staphylococcus aureus bactericidal effect ultrastructure
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Abstract

Chlorocresol nanoemulsion disinfectant (CND) is an environmental disinfectant prepared with nanoemulsion as its drug carrier. This study aimed to investigate the bactericidal effect of CND on Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus) and its effect on bacterial ultrastructure. The neutralizing effect of CND against S. aureus was first screened by suspension quantitative evaluation experiment procedure of neutralizer. Disinfection performance was evaluated by the determination of Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), quantitative bactericidal experiment, and comparative experiment of disinfection performance between 0.1% CND and 0.1% chlorocresol aqueous solution. Meanwhile, the effect of CND on the ultrastructure of S. aureus was investigated with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) to preliminarily explore the bactericidal mechanism. The results showed that 3% Tween-80 in PBS could be screened as the neutralizer of CND against S. aureus. MIC and MBC were 100 μg/mL and 200 μg/mL, respectively. The bactericidal rates were all 100% when 0.06% and 0.08% disinfectant acted for 15 and 5 min, respectively. Furthermore, compared with 0.1% chlorocresol aqueous solution, the bactericidal effect of 0.1% CND was significantly enhanced (p<0.01). After treatment with CND for 10 min, SEM observation showed that the morphology of S. aureus cells were changed and the integrity destroyed. TEM observation showed that the cell shape changed, and the structures of the cell wall, cell membrane and cytoplasm were damaged in varying degrees. CND showed the strong bactericidal effect on S. aureus and could cause ultrastructure alterations of S. aureus.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Y.F. Zhang
1
Y.W. Sun
1
X.H. Liu
1
Z.X. An
1
X.F. Yang
1
  1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Hualan Road No. 90, Xinxiang City, Henan Province, 453003, China

Andrographolide loaded montmorillonite attenuated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli induced intestinal barrier injury and inflammation in a mouse model

P. Wang L. Li L. Gan Q. Chen H. Qiao W. Gao Y. Zhang J. Wang
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2023 | vol. 26 | No 3 | 367–376 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145042
Keywords Montmorillonite andrographolide modified montmorillonite enterotoxigenicEscherichia coli intestinal barrier inflammation
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Abstract

Montmorillonite (MMT), a natural absorbent agent, has widely been accepted for its antidiarrhea function in human and farm animals; however, its specific physicochemical property limits its biological function in practical use. In the current study, raw MMT was loaded by andrographolide, namely andrographolide loaded montmorillonite (AGP-MMT). The microstructure of AGP-MMT was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The effect of AGP-MMT on the growth performance, intestinal barrier and inflammation was investigated in an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) challenged mice model. The results show that the microstructure of MMT was obviously changed after andrographolide modification: AGP-MMT exhibited a large number of spheroid particles, and floccule aggregates, but lower interplanar spacing compared with MMT. ETEC infection induced body weight losses and intestinal barrier function injury, as indicated by a lower villus height and ratio of villus height/crypt depth, whereas the serum levels of diamine oxidase (DAO), D-xylose and ETEC shedding were higher in the ETEC group compared with the CON group. Mice pretreated with AGP-MMT showed alleviated body weight losses and the intestinal barrier function injury induced by ETEC challenge. The villus height and the ratio of villus height/crypt depth, were higher in mice pretreated with AGP-MMT than those pretreated with equal levels of MMT. Pretreatment with AGP-MMT also alleviated the increased concentration of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and the corresponding genes in the jejunum induced by ETEC infection in mice. The protein and mRNA levels of IL-1β were lower in mice pretreated with AGP-MMT than those with equal levels of MMT. The results indicate that AGP-MMT was more effective in alleviating intestinal barrier injury and inflammation in mice with ETEC challenge than MMT.
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Authors and Affiliations

P. Wang
1
L. Li
1
L. Gan
1
Q. Chen
1
H. Qiao
1
W. Gao
1
Y. Zhang
1
J. Wang
1
  1. College of Biology Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China

Experimental and numerical study of the uniaxial compressive stress-strain relationship of a rock mass with two parallel joints

L.X. Xiong H.Y. Yuan Y. Zhang K.F. Zhang J.B. Li
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2019 | Vol. 65 | No 2 | 67-80
Keywords Jointed rock mass parallel joints peak strength
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Abstract

A “rock bridge”, defined as the closest distance between two joints in a rock mass, is an important feature affecting the jointed rock mass strength. Artificial jointed rock specimens with two parallel joint fractures were tested under uniaxial compression and numerical simulations were carried out to study the effects of the inclination of the rock bridge, the dip angle of the joint, rock bridge length, and the length of joints on the strength of the jointed rock mass. Research results show: (1) When the length of the joint fracture, the length of the rock bridge, and the inclination of the rock bridge stay unchanged, the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimen gradually increases as the inclination of the joint fracture increases from 0° to 90°. (2) When the length of the joint fracture, the length of the rock bridge, and the inclination of the joint fracture stay unchanged, the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimen shows variations in trends with the inclination of the rock bridge increasing from 30° to 150° (3). In the case when the joint is angled from the vertical loading direction, when the dip angle of the joint fracture, the inclination of the rock bridge, and the length of the rock bridge stay unchanged, the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimen gradually decreases with an increasing length of joint fracture. When the dip angle of the joint fracture, the inclination of the rock bridge, and the length of the joint fracture stay unchanged, the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimen does not show a clear trend with an increase of the length of the rock bridge.

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Authors and Affiliations

L.X. Xiong
H.Y. Yuan
Y. Zhang
K.F. Zhang
J.B. Li

iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics analysis reveals inhibitory mechanismsof the antimicrobial peptide MDAP-2 against Salmonella gallinarum

Y. Zhang S. Yu X. Ying B. Jia L. Liu J. Liu L. Kong Z. Pei H. Ma
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2020 | vol. 23 | No 3 | 405-414 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2020.134685
Keywords Salmonella gallinarum AMP iTRAQ inhibitory mechanism
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Abstract

MDAP-2 is a new AMP with high inhibitory activity on Salmonella gallinarum, which may be developed as an antimicrobial agent in the agricultural industry and food preservation. To investigate the underlying the action mechanism of MDAP-2 on Salmonella gallinarum, impacts of MDAP-2 on the growth curve and bacterial morphology of Salmonella gallinarum were studied. iTRAQ-based proteomics analysis was also performed on proteins extracted from treated and untreated Salmonella gallinarum cells. The differentially expressed proteins were then analyzed using the KEGG and GO databases. Finally, the function of some differentially expressed proteins was verified. The results showed that 150 proteins (41 up-regulated and 109 down-regulated) were found differentially expressed (fold > 1.8, p<0.05). The results indi- cate that MDAP-2 kills Salmonella gallinarum mainly through two mechanisms: (i) direct inhibi- tion of cell wall/ membrane/ envelope biogenesis, energy production/ conversion, carbohydrate transport/ metabolism, and DNA transcription/ translation through regulation of special protein levels; (ii) indirect effects on the same pathway through the accumulation of Reactive oxygen species (O2 ▪-, H2O2 and OH▪-).

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Authors and Affiliations

Y. Zhang
S. Yu
X. Ying
B. Jia
L. Liu
J. Liu
L. Kong
Z. Pei
H. Ma

Emergence and complete genome of Senecavirus A in pigs of Henan Province in China, 2017

H.B. Wang B. Tian H.L. Lv F. Wang T. Zhang C.Y. Wang Y.D. Zhang J.J. Dong
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2019 | vol.22 | No 1 | 187-190 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2018.125612
Keywords Senecavirus A vesicular disease phylogenetic analysis
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Abstract

Senecavirus A (SVA) the only member of the Senecavirus genus within the Picornaviridae family, is an emerging pathogen causing swine idiopathic vesicular disease and epidemic transient neonatal losses. Here, SVA strain (CH-HNKZ-2017) was isolated from a swine farm exhibiting vesicular disease in Henan Province of Central China. A phylogenetic analysis based on complete genome sequence indicated that CH-HNKZ-2017 was closely related to US-15-40381IA, indica- ting that a new SVA isolate had emerged in China.

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Authors and Affiliations

H.B. Wang
B. Tian
H.L. Lv
F. Wang
T. Zhang
C.Y. Wang
Y.D. Zhang
J.J. Dong

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