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Analiza pracy bloku nadkrytycznego 900 MWe współpracującego z obiegiem ORC
Thermodynamic analysis of the supercritical 900MWe power unit, co-operating with an ORC cycle

Dariusz Mikielewicz Paweł Ziółkowski
Archiwum Energetyki | 2012 | No 2
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Authors and Affiliations

Dariusz Mikielewicz
Paweł Ziółkowski

Exergy analysis of the Szewalski cycle with a waste heat recovery system

Paweł Ziółkowski Janusz Badur Tomasz Kowalczyk
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2015 | No 3 September | 25-48 | DOI: 10.1515/aoter-2015-0020
Keywords Szewalski cycle binary vapour cycle exergy analysis waste heat
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Abstract

The conversion of a waste heat energy to electricity is now becoming one of the key points to improve the energy efficiency in a process engineering. However, large losses of a low-temperature thermal energy are also present in power engineering. One of such sources of waste heat in power plants are exhaust gases at the outlet of boilers. Through usage of a waste heat regeneration system it is possible to attain a heat rate of approximately 200 MWth, under about 90°C, for a supercritical power block of 900 MWelfuelled by a lignite. In the article, we propose to use the waste heat to improve thermal efficiency of the Szewalski binary vapour cycle. The Szewalski binary vapour cycle provides steam as the working fluid in a high temperature part of the cycle, while another fluid – organic working fluid – as the working substance substituting conventional steam over the temperature range represented by the low pressure steam expansion. In order to define in detail the efficiency of energy conversion at various stages of the proposed cycle the exergy analysis was performed. The steam cycle for reference conditions, the Szewalski binary vapour cycle as well as the Szewalski hierarchic vapour cycle cooperating with a system of waste heat recovery have been comprised.
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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Ziółkowski
Janusz Badur
Tomasz Kowalczyk

Increase of power and efficiency of the 900 MW supercritical power plant through incorporation of the ORC

Dariusz Mikielewicz Jarosław Mikielewicz Paweł Ziółkowski
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2013 | No 4 December | 51-71 | DOI: 10.2478/aoter-2013-0029
Keywords Supercritical power plant thermodynamic analysis ORC Regeneration Numerical analysis CFM
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Abstract

The objective of the paper is to analyse thermodynamical and operational parameters of the supercritical power plant with reference conditions as well as following the introduction of the hybrid system incorporating ORC. In ORC the upper heat source is a stream of hot water from the system of heat recovery having temperature of 90 °C, which is additionally aided by heat from the bleeds of the steam turbine. Thermodynamical analysis of the supercritical plant with and without incorporation of ORC was accomplished using computational flow mechanics numerical codes. Investigated were six working fluids such as propane, isobutane, pentane, ethanol, R236ea and R245fa. In the course of calculations determined were primarily the increase of the unit power and efficiency for the reference case and that with the ORC.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dariusz Mikielewicz
Jarosław Mikielewicz
Paweł Ziółkowski

Performance of cryogenic oxygen production unit with exhaust gas bleed for sewage sludge gasification and different oxygen purities

Maja Kaszuba Paweł Ziółkowski Dariusz Mikielewicz
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2023 | vol. 44 | No 3 | 63-81 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2023.147537
Keywords Thermodynamic analysis Oxy-combustion of syngas BECCS Cryogenic air separation Penalty of oxygen production
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Abstract

The paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of the integration of a cryogenic air separation unit into a negative CO 2 emission gas power plant. The power cycle utilizes sewage sludge as fuel so this system fits into the innovative idea of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage. A cryogenic air separation unit integrated with the power plant was simulated in professional plant engineering and thermodynamic process analysis software. Two cases of the thermodynamic cycle have been studied, namely with the exhaust bleed for fuel treatment and without it. The results of calculations indicate that the net efficiencies of the negative CO 2 emission gas power plant reach 27.05% (combustion in 95.0% pure oxygen) and 24.57% (combustion in 99.5% pure oxygen) with the bleed. The efficiencies of the cycle without the bleed are 29.26% and 27.0% for combustion in 95.0% pure oxygen and 99.5% pure oxygen, respectively. For the mentioned cycle, the calculated energy penalty of oxygen production was 0.235 MWh/kgO 2 for the lower purity value. However, for higher purity namely 99.5%, the energy penalty of oxygen production for the thermodynamic cycle including the bleed and excluding the bleed was indicated 0.346 and 0.347 MWh/kgO 2, respectively. Additionally, the analysis of the oxygen purity impact on the carbon dioxide purity at the end of the carbon capture and storage installation shows that for the case with the bleed, CO 2 purities are 93.8% and 97.6%, and excluding the bleed they are 93.8% and 97.8%, for the mentioned oxygen purities respectively. Insertion of the cryogenic oxygen production installation is required as the considered gas power plant uses oxy-combustion to facilitate carbon capture and storage method.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maja Kaszuba
1
Paweł Ziółkowski
1
Dariusz Mikielewicz
1
  1. Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland

Power enhancement of the Brayton cycle by steam utilization

Andrzej Chrzczonowski Paweł Ziółkowski Janusz Badur Krzysztof Jesionek
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2012 | No 3 October | 36-47 | DOI: 10.2478/v10173-012-0016-x
Keywords Brayton cycle Gas-steam unit Cheng cycle numerical analysis CHP
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Abstract

The paper presents thermodynamic analysis of the gas-steam unit of the 65 MWe combined heat and power station. Numerical analyses of the station was performed for the nominal operation conditions determining the Brayton and combined cycle. Furthermore, steam utilization for the gas turbine propulsion in the Cheng cycle was analysed. In the considered modernization, steam generated in the heat recovery steam generator unit is directed into the gas turbine combustion chamber, resulting in the Brayton cycle power increase. Computational flow mechanics codes were used in the analysis of the thermodynamic and operational parameters of the unit.
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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Chrzczonowski
Paweł Ziółkowski
Janusz Badur
Krzysztof Jesionek

Thermodynamic analysis of the double Brayton cycle with the use of oxy combustion and capture of CO2

Paweł Ziółkowski Janusz Badur Witold Zakrzewski Oktawia Kaczmarczyk
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2013 | No 2 June | 23-38 | DOI: 10.2478/aoter-2013-0008
Keywords Inverse Brayton cycle thermodynamic analysis Brayton cycle gas-steam unit oxy combustion CCS numerical analysis CFM
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Abstract

In this paper, thermodynamic analysis of a proposed innovative double Brayton cycle with the use of oxy combustion and capture of CO2, is presented. For that purpose, the computation flow mechanics (CFM) approach has been developed. The double Brayton cycle (DBC) consists of primary Brayton and secondary inverse Brayton cycle. Inversion means that the role of the compressor and the gas turbine is changed and firstly we have expansion before compression. Additionally, the workingfluid in the DBC with the use of oxy combustion and CO2 capture contains a great amount of H2O and CO2, and the condensation process of steam (H2O) overlaps in negative pressure conditions. The analysis has been done for variants values of the compression ratio, which determines the lowest pressure in the double Brayton cycle.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Ziółkowski
Janusz Badur
Witold Zakrzewski
Oktawia Kaczmarczyk

VERIFICATION OF ZERO-DIMENSIONAL MODEL OF SOFC WITH INTERNAL FUEL REFORMING FOR COMPLEX HYBRID ENERGY CYCLES

Janusz Badur Marcin Lemański Tomasz Kowalczyk Paweł Ziółkowski Sebastian Kornet
Chemical and Process Engineering | 2018 | vol. 39 | No 1
Keywords fuel cell SOFC mathematical model experiment verification
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Abstract

The article presents a zero-dimensional mathematical model of a tubular fuel cell and its verification on four experiments. Despite the fact that fuel cells are still rarely used in commercial applications, their use has become increasingly more common. Computational Flow Mechanics codes allow to predict basic parameters of a cell such as current, voltage, combustion composition, exhaust temperature, etc. Precise models are particularly important for a complex energy system, where fuel cells cooperate with gas, gas-steam cycles or ORCs and their thermodynamic parameters affect those systems. The proposed model employs extended Nernst equation to determine the fuel cell voltage and steadystate shifting reaction equilibrium to calculate the exhaust composition. Additionally, the reaction of methane reforming and the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen have been implemented into the model. The numerical simulation results were compared with available experiment results and the differences, with the exception of the Tomlin experiment, are below 5%. It has been proven that the increase in current density lowers the electrical efficiency of SOFCs, hence fuel cells typically work at low current density, with a corresponding efficiency of 45–50% and with a low emission level (zero emissions in case of hydrogen combustion).
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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Badur
Marcin Lemański
Tomasz Kowalczyk
Paweł Ziółkowski
Sebastian Kornet

Computational fluid dynamics simulation of heat transfer from densely packed gold nanoparticles to isotropic media

Piotr Radomski Paweł Ziółkowski Luciano de Sio Dariusz Mikielewicz
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2021 | vol. 42 | No 3 | 87-113 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2021.138111
Keywords Heat transfer gold nanoparticles Glasses Polymers Computational Fluid Dynamics
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Abstract

This work aims to determine and compare heat generation and propagation of densely packed gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) induced by a resonant laser beam (532 nm) according to the Mie theory. The heat flux propagation is transferred into the materials, which here are: silica glass; soda-lime-silica glass; borosilicate glass; polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA); polycarbonate (PC); and polydimetylosiloxane (PDMS). This analysis aims to select the optimum material serving as a base for using photo-thermoablation. On the other hand, research focused only on Newtonian heat transfer in gold, not on non-Fourier ones, like the Cattaneo approach. As a simulation tool, a computational fluid dynamics code with the second-order upwind algorithm is selected. Results reveal a near-Gaussian and Gaussian temperature distribution profile during the heating and cooling processes, respectively. Dependence between the maximum temperature after irradiation and the glass thermal conductivity is observed confirming the Fourier law. Due to the maximum heating area, the borosilicate or soda-lime glass, which serves as a base, shall represent an excellent candidate for future experiments.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Radomski
1
Paweł Ziółkowski
1
Luciano de Sio
2
Dariusz Mikielewicz
1
  1. Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Shipbuilding, Energy Institute, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
  2. Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciencesand Biotechnologies, Center for Biophotonics, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5,00185 Roma, RM, Italy

Design and computational fluid dynamics analysis of the last stage of innovative gas-steam turbine

Stanisław Jerzy Głuch Paweł Ziółkowski Łukasz Witanowski Janusz Badur
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2021 | vol. 42 | No 3 | 255-278 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2021.138119
Keywords Axial turbine Blade design Computational Fluid Dynamics Last stage oflow-pressure Twisted blade
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Abstract

Research regarding blade design and analysis of flow has been attracting interest for over a century. Meanwhile new concepts and design approaches were created and improved. Advancements in information technologies allowed to introduce computational fluid dynamics and computational flow mechanics. Currently a combination of mentioned methods is used for the design of turbine blades. These methods enabled us to improve flow efficiency and strength of turbine blades. This paper relates to a new type turbine which is in the phase of theoretical analysis, because the working fluid is a mixture of steam and gas generated in a wet combustion chamber. The main aim of this paper is to design and analyze the flow characteristics of the last stage of gas-steam turbine. When creating the spatial model, the atlas of profiles of reaction turbine steps was used. Results of computational fluid dynamics simulations of twisting of the last stage are presented. Blades geometry and the computational mesh are also presented. Velocity vectors, for selected dividing sections that the velocity along the pitch diameter varies greatly. The blade has the shape of its cross-section similar to action type blades near the root and to reaction type blades near the tip. Velocity fields and pressure fields show the flow characteristics of the last stage of gas-steam turbine. The net efficiency of the cycle is equal to 52.61%.
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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisław Jerzy Głuch
1
Paweł Ziółkowski
1
Łukasz Witanowski
2
Janusz Badur
2
  1. Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Building, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
  2. Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdansk, Poland

Modelling of the Baumann turbine stage operation. Part II. Free andkinetic vibrationsModelowanie pracy turbinowego stopnia Baumanna. Część II. Drgania swobodnei wymuszone kinetycznie

Paweł Ziółkowski Janusz Badur Sebastian Kornet Krzysztof Jesionek Jarosław Kron Witold Zakrzewski Daniel Sławiński
Archiwum Energetyki | 2013 | No 1-2
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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Ziółkowski
Janusz Badur
Sebastian Kornet
Krzysztof Jesionek
Jarosław Kron
Witold Zakrzewski
Daniel Sławiński

Mathematical modeling of hydrogen production performance in thermocatalytic reactor based on the intermetallic phase of Ni3Al

Janusz Badur Michał Stajnke Paweł Ziółkowski Paweł Jóźwik Zbigniew Bojar Piotr Józef Ziółkowski
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2019 | vol. 40 | No 3 | 3-26 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2019.129547
Keywords Thermal decomposition Spiecies transport Catalyst CFD
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Abstract

The main goal of the considered work is to adjust mathematical modeling for mass transfer, to specific conditions resulting from presence of chemical surface reactions in the flow of the mixture consisting of helium and methanol. The thermocatalytic devices used for decomposition of organic compounds incorporate microchannels coupled at the ends and heated to 500 ◦C at the walls regions. The experiment data were compared with computational fluid dynamics results to calibrate the constants of the model’s user defined functions. These extensions allow to transform the calculations mechanisms and algorithms of commercial codes adapting them for the microflows cases and increased chemical reactions rate on the interphase between fluid and solid, specific for catalytic reactions. Results obtained on the way of numerical calculations have been calibrated and compared with the experimental data to receive satisfactory compliance. The model has been verified and the performance of the thermocatalytic reactor with microchannels under hydrogen production regime has been investigated.

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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Badur
Michał Stajnke
Paweł Ziółkowski
Paweł Jóźwik
Zbigniew Bojar
Piotr Józef Ziółkowski

Fluid solid interactions – a novelty in industrial applications

Tomasz Ochrymiuk Mariusz Banaszkiewicz Marcin Lemański Tomasz Kowalczyk Paweł Ziółkowski Piotr J. Ziółkowski Rafał Hyrzyński Michał Stajnke Mateusz Bryk Bartosz Kraszewski Sylwia Kruk-Gotzman Marcin Froissart Janusz Badur
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2022 | vol. 43 | No 2 | 75-96 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2022.141979
Keywords Computational fluid dynamics Computational solids dynamics Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian description Fluid solid interaction Micro-, Nano-mechanics
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Abstract

The article deals with a current state-of-art of fluid solid interaction (FSI) – the new branch of continuum physics. Fluid-solid interaction is a new quality of modeling physical processes of continuum mechanics, it can be described as the interaction of various (so far treated separately from the point of view of mathematical modeling) physical phenomena occurring in continuous media systems. The most correct is the simultaneous application of the laws of the given physical disciplines, which implies that fluid solid interaction is a subset of multi-physical applications where the interactions between these subsets are exchanged on the surface in interconnected systems. Our purpose is to extend the fluid solid interaction aplications into new phenomena what follow from the industrial needs and inovative thechnologies. Selecting the various approaches, we prefer the arbitraty lagrangean-eulerian description within the bulk of fluid/solid domain and a new sort of advanced boundary condition on a surface of common contact.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Ochrymiuk
1
Mariusz Banaszkiewicz
1 2
Marcin Lemański
1 3
Tomasz Kowalczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Paweł Ziółkowski
1 4
Piotr J. Ziółkowski
1
Rafał Hyrzyński
1 5
Michał Stajnke
1
Mateusz Bryk
1
Bartosz Kraszewski
1
Sylwia Kruk-Gotzman
1 6
Marcin Froissart
1
Janusz Badur
1
  1. Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Science, Fiszera 14, 80-331 Gdansk, Poland
  2. General Electric Power, Stoczniowa 2, 82-300 Elblag, Poland
  3. Anwil Grupa Orlen, Torunska 222, 87-800 Włocławek, Poland
  4. Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
  5. Energa S.A. Grunwaldzka 472, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland
  6. Agencja Rynku Energii, Bobrowiecka 3, 00-728 Warszawa, Poland

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