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Abstract

For a deeper understanding of the inner ear dynamics, a Finite-Element model of the human cochlea is developed. To describe the unsteady, viscous creeping flow of the liquid, a pressure-displacement-based Finite-Element formulation is used. This allows one to efficiently compute the basilar membrane vibrations resulting from the fluid-structure interaction leading to hearing nerve stimulation. The results show the formation of a travelingwave on the basilar membrane propagating with decreasing velocity towards the peaking at a frequency dependent position. This tonotopic behavior allows the brain to distinguish between sounds of different frequencies. Additionally, not only the middle ear, but also the transfer behavior of the cochlea contributes to the frequency dependence of the auditory threshold. Furthermore, the fluid velocity and pressure fields show the effect of viscous damping forces and allow us to deeper understand the formation of the pressure difference, responsible to excite the basilar membrane.

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Authors and Affiliations

Philipp Wahl
1
Pascal Ziegler
1
Peter Eberhard
1

  1. Institute of Engineering and Computational Mechanics, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Abstract

There exist cases where precise simulations of contact forces do not allow modeling the gears as rigid bodies but a fully elastic description is needed. In this paper, a modally reduced elastic multibody system including gear contact based on a floating frame of reference formulation is proposed that allows very precise simulations of fully elastic gears with appropriately meshed gears in reasonable time even for many rotations. One advantage of this approach is that there is no assumption about the geometry of the gears and, therefore, it allows precise investigations of contacts between gears with almost arbitrary non-standard tooth geometries including flank profile corrections.

This study presents simulation results that show how this modal approach can be used to efficiently investigate the interaction between elastic deformations and flank profile corrections as well as their influence on the contact forces. It is shown that the elastic approach is able to describe important phenomena like early addendum contact for insufficiently corrected profiles in dependence of the transmitted load. Furthermore, it is shown how this approach can be used for precise and efficient simulations of beveloid gears.

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Authors and Affiliations

Trong Phu Do
Peter Eberhard
Pascal Ziegler
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Abstract

Paintings inevitably bear severe mechanical loads during transportation.Understanding the dynamic characteristics of paintings helps to avoid damage during transportation and to effectively slow down their aging.In this contribution, the vibration characteristics of canvas and primed canvas of paintings and their influencing factors are studied experimentally.For this reason, two dummy paintings with canvas in a common orientation and a tilted orientation are investigated, and an experimental setup using an excitation mechanism and a laser Doppler vibrometer is developed.In order to avoid changes of the modal parameters related to humidity or temperature, all experiments were conducted in a climate box.The modal parameters of dummy paintings are identified by means of experimental modal analysis.Also, the difference in modal properties of the two dummy paintings before and after applying the primer are compared.The identified modal parameters are used to reconstruct their eigenmodes.From the identified modal parameters a numerical model is derived, which is then compared to measurements.The comparison shows a good agreement, hence is a hint for the correctness of assuming a modal structure and the quality of the modal parameter identification.Lastly, with the help of the climate box, the influences of humidity and temperature on the eigenfrequencies of dummy paintings are studied.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Yulong Gao
ORCID: ORCID
Pascal Ziegler
ORCID: ORCID
Carolin Heinemann
ORCID: ORCID
Eva Hartlieb
ORCID: ORCID
Peter Eberhard
ORCID: ORCID

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