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Characterization of morphology and optical properties of SnO₂ nanowires prepared by electrospinning

Tomasz Tański Weronika Smok Wiktor Matysiak
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 5 | e137507 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.137507
Keywords nanowires nanofibers electrospinning tin oxide optical properties
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Abstract

The growing interest in one-dimensional tin oxide-based nanomaterials boosts research on both high-quality nanomaterials as well as production methods. This is due to the fact that they present unique electrical and optical properties that enable their application in various (opto)electronic devices. Thus, the aim of the paper was to produce ceramic SnO₂ nanowires using electrospinning with the calcination method, and to investigate the influence of the calcination temperature on the morphology, structure and optical properties of the obtained material. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to examine the morphology and chemical structure of obtained nanomaterials. The optical properties of manufactured one-dimensional nanostructures were investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopy. Moreover, based on the UV-Vis spectra, the energy band gap of the prepared nanowires was determined. The analysis of the morphology of the obtained nanowires showed that both the concentration of the precursor in the spinning solution and the calcination temperature have a significant impact on the diameter of the nanowires and, consequently, on their optical properties.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Tański
1
ORCID: ORCID
Weronika Smok
1
ORCID: ORCID
Wiktor Matysiak
1
  1. Department of Engineering Material and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland

Analyzing and improving tools for supporting fighting against COVID-19 based on prediction models and contact tracing

Martyna Gruda Michal Kedziora
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 4 | e137414 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.137414
Keywords COVID-19 prediction models contact tracing
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Abstract

In the paper, we are analyzing and proposing an improvement to current tools and solutions for supporting fighting with COVID-19. We analyzed the most popular anti-covid tools and COVID prediction models. We addressed issues of secure data collection, prediction accuracy based on COVID models. What is most important, we proposed a solution for improving the prediction and contract tracing element in these applications. The proof of concept solution to support the fight against a global pandemic is presented, and the future possibilities for its development are discussed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Martyna Gruda
1
Michal Kedziora
1
  1. Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, ul. Wybrzeże Stanisława Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland

Selected requirements for lightning protection in the light of actual standards and regulations on the example of an object to be protected

Anna Dąda Paweł Błaut Piotr Miller
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 4 | e137548 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.137548
Keywords lightning protection system (LPS) 62305 standard air-termination system earth electrodes protection of building objects
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Abstract

Elements of the lightning protection system (LPS) often perform additional functions in the facility. Correct and economical design of these elements is possible with the fulfillment of specific requirements, close coordination and inter-branch cooperation. The article draws attention to important aspects of LPS design and highlights the ambiguities that may arise during this process. Firstly, the history of changes in national standardization in the field of lightning protection is approximated. Secondly, the individual components of external LPS are presented. Subsequently, the normative material requirements for earthing are compiled, depending on their function (for lightning protection and protection against electric shock in MV and LV installations). The last part of the paper is devoted to the comparison of the protective angle method and the rolling sphere method. The analysis was made on the example of a simple object for which LPS class I is required. It has been shown that despite the possibility of using both methods, they may result in different solutions. Depending on the choice of method, the difference in the arrangement of the air-termination system is indicated. Examples of generally available LPS solutions are also given, taking account of various materials and assembly technologies.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Dąda
1
Paweł Błaut
1
Piotr Miller
2
  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
  2. Lublin University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, ul. Nadbystrzycka 38D, 20-618 Lublin, Poland

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