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Number of results: 14
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Abstract

Barley phylloplane is seriously colonized by Drechslera graminea, the causal agent of leaf

stripe disease in the hos. The present study involved the elucidation of alterations induced

in the protein content of the host due to Drechslera infection. Naturally growing barley

plants were obtained from fields and Drechslera graminea was isolated and identified from

diseased plants’ leaves. After identification and preparation of the pure culture, the pathogen

was inoculated on plants grown under aseptic and controlled laboratory conditions.

Changes in the total soluble cytoplasmic proteins and defense enzymes of the host such

as polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POX), phenylalanine lyase (PAL) and tyrosine

ammonia lyase (TAL) were observed up to 5 h after inoculation. The results demonstrated

a significant effect of the pathogen on the cytoplasmic protein expression of the host as well

as in its defense system.

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Authors and Affiliations

Navodit Goel
Gaurav Jaiswal
Abhinav Kr Srivastava
Prabir Kumar Paul
Anukrati Goel
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Abstract

The rules and guidelines for integrated pest management specified in Annex III, sections 2

and 3, state “General principles of integrated pest management”: Harmful organisms must

be monitored by adequate methods and tools, where available. Such adequate tools should

include observations in the field as well as scientifically sound warnings, forecasting and

early diagnostic systems, where feasible, as well as advice from professionally qualified advisors.

As part of Multiannual Programs, the Institute of Plant Protection – NRI in Poznań

has been carrying out work and research for many years to develop or modify guidelines for

monitoring short- and long-term forecasting of pest occurrence on crops. These guidelines

are extremely helpful for farmers and advisers in determining the optimum date of chemical

control of pests on plants. Regularly revised and improved the guidelines deal with pests

which currently pose a threat to crops. They are developed according to the latest scientific

findings and are successfully promoted among professional users and agricultural advisors.

These guidelines are standardized to include descriptions of species, life cycles, symptoms

of damage/infestation of crops, methods of observation targeted at warning of the need

for plant protection treatments, and threshold values of harmfulness. All guidelines include

extensive photographic material. Guidelines for the monitoring of pests on orchard

plants, vegetables and others are prepared at the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation

− NRI in Puławy and the Institute of Pomology in Skierniewice. Guidelines for about

80 pests of crops are available for public use in the on-line Pest Warning System (Platforma

Sygnalizacji Agrofagów, www.agrofagi.com.pl).

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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Tratwal
Marcin Baran
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Abstract

The aim of the paper is to present an overview of the theoretical basis and stages of the process of opportunities exploration and exploitation in the development of innovativeness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and its preliminary empirical verification on the basis of experience derived from economic practice. The aim of the paper is realized based on the author’s own empirical research carried out in the form of a case study conducted among 5 innovative SME companies in Poland. The results indicate that the analyzed companies associate opportunities directly with entrepreneurship and the development of innovative activity. They take various actions that are part of theoretical principles of effective opportunities exploration and exploitation, which allows them to obtain a number of pro-innovative benefits and which supports the creation of competitive advantage.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Matejun
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Abstract

One of the main problem of innovative projects in Russian Federation is the need to assess the impact of exogenous shocks on their financing and development. The impact of this type of shock in the period of globalization is sharply increasing. In order to assess the impact of exogenous shocks on innovative projects we create a model with two stages using the innovate project of production of water purification plants. The first stage of it is the construction of a simple model of financial risk, stipulating the conditions when investors will invest in this firm in the absence of negative shocks, their expectations will depend on their own confidence in continuing investment at the next stages. This model shows a positive result. At the second stage we take into account the impact of the negative exogenous shocks on the project, and try to trace a reaction of companies involved in financing innovative projects. The results of the project were negative. The investor in this case as a rule can stop financing and has the risk of losses. In order to prevent this situation we propose to use a real option for a possible refusal to implement an innovative project in the event that the net present value after one year of financing will be negative or very small. To our opinion it is one of the best ways to reduce financial risks during the implementation of innovative projects for investors.
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Authors and Affiliations

Oksana A. Karpenko
Tatiana K. Blokhina
Elena V. Savenkova
Ghennadiy F. Abramov
Olga V. Rybakova
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Abstract

This study involves the implementation of an economic order quantity (EOQ) model which is an inventory control method in a ceramic factory. Two different methods were applied for the calculation of EOQs. The first method is to determine EOQ values using a response surface method-based approach (RSM). The second method uses conventional EOQ calculations. To produce a ceramic product, 281 different and additive materials may be used. First, Pareto (ABC) analysis was performed to determine which of the materials have higher priority. Because of this analysis, the value of 21 items among 281 different materials and additives were compared to the ratio of the total product. The ratio was found to be 70.4% so calculations were made for 21 items. Usage value for every single item for the years 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively, were obtained from the company records. Eight different demand forecasting methods were applied to find the amount of the demand in EOQ. As a result of forecasting, the EOQ of the items were calculated by establishing a model. Also, EOQ and RSM calculations for the items were made and both calculation results were compared to each other. Considering the obtained results, it is understood that RSM can be used in EOQ calculations rather than the conventional EOQ model. Also, there are big differences between the EOQ values which were implemented by the company and the values calculated. Because of this work, the RSM-based EOQ approach can be used to decide on the EOQ calculations as a way of improving the system performance.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ramazan Yıldız
Ramazan Yaman
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Abstract

The main focus of this paper is to propose a method for prioritizing knowledge and technology factor of firms towards sustainable competitive advantage. The data has been gathered and analyzed from two high tech start-ups in which technology and knowledge play major role in company’s success. The analytical hierarchy model (AHP) is used to determine competitive priorities of the firms. Then knowledge and technology part of sense and respond questionnaire is used to calculate the variability coefficient i.e. the uncertainty caused by technology and knowledge factor. The proposed model is tested in terms of two start-ups. Based on the initial calculation of uncertainties, some improvement plan is proposed and the method is applied again to see if the uncertainty of knowledge and technology decreases. In both cases, the proposed model helped to have a clear and precise improvement plan and led in reduction of uncertainty.
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Authors and Affiliations

Josu Takala
Sara Tilabi
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Abstract

In recent years, due to the growing importance of eco-design and tightening EU regulations entrepreneurs are required to implement activities related to environmental protection. It influences the development of methods and tools enabling the implementation of eco-design into practice, which are increasingly used by modern information technologies. They are based on intelligent solutions that allows them to better match the requirements of designers and allows for the automation of processes, and in some cases they are able to do the work themselves, replacing designers. Details are useful in areas that require calculations, comparisons and making choices, which is the process of eco-design. The paper describes methodology of pro-ecological product design oriented towards recycling, based on agent technology, enables the design of environmentally friendly products including recycling. The description of the methodology was preceded by a literature analysis on the characteristics of tools supporting eco-design and the process of its development was presented. The proposed methodology can be used at the design stage of devices to select the best product in terms of ecology. It is based on the original set of recycling indicators, used to evaluate the recycling of the product, ensure the ability to operate in a distributed design environment, and the use of data from various CAD systems, allows full automation of calculations and updates (without user participation).
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Authors and Affiliations

Ewa Dostatni
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Abstract

Recent rapid developments in information and network technology have profoundly influenced manufacturing research and its application. However, the product’s functionality and complexity of the manufacturing environments are intensifying, and organizations need to sustain the advantage of huge competitiveness in the markets. Hence, collaborative manufacturing, along with computer-based distributed management, is essential to enable effective decisions and to increase the market. A comprehensive literature review of recent and state-of-the-art papers is vital to draw a framework and to shed light on the future research avenues. In this review paper, the use of technology and management by means of collaborative and cloud manufacturing process and big data in networked manufacturing system have been discussed. A systematic review of research papers is done to draw conclusion and moreover, future research opportunities for collaborative manufacturing system were highlighted and discussed so that manufacturing enterprises can take maximum benefit.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maria L.R. Varela
José Machado
Goran D. Putnik
Vijay K. Manupati
Gadhamsetty Rajyalakshmi
Justyna Trojanowska
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Abstract

Lean manufacturing [LM], quality management system and environmental management system are clear initiatives with a goal of improving effectiveness and efficiencies of organizations. Many organisations tackle lean philosophy, ISO standards individually but this kind of attempt do not focus on the synergy and the advantage from the potential collaboration. This paper aims to present the possibility of integration Lean Management concept with ISO management systems – Quality Management System [QMS] ISO 9001and Environmental Management System [EMS] ISO 14001 already implemented in the enterprises. The integration of these three concepts can be obtain due to improvement of main KPI’s defined in the organization. Based on critical research literature and participant observation presented as a case study (one of the author of the paper works as a consultant and is being implemented Lean Manufacturing concept in different organization since ten years) authors defined concept of integration of EMS and QMS (already implemented in the organization) with chosen Lean Management tools. Concept has been developed based on literature analysis and experience of the authors. Results and summary from concept implementation has been described in last chapter of the paper.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Wirkus
Anna Chmielarz
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Abstract

An original fuzzy team control model is presented in this article. The model is based on a non-traditional combination of classical and contemporary achievements of management and mathematical theories of fuzzy logic and fuzzy sets. In methodological terms, the article also offers a set of tools for measuring and evaluating both team performance and the effectiveness of the team control system in the organization. Fuzzy tools and techniques for decision-making, studying of hidden effects and joint influences, and quantification of evaluations are employed in this set of tools. The suggested fuzzy model contributes to overcoming theoretical deficits on the issues of team control, and the methodology of team control fills a gap in the toolkit of team management. The results from verification of the fuzzy team control model at a small-sized Bulgarian enterprise are also discussed in this article. They indicate that it is possible to develop a fuzzy model for team control, increasing the effectiveness of the team control system in the enterprise.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maya Lambovska
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Abstract

The purpose of the study is to analyze the opportunities and the challenges associated with the adoption of Information technology in the Indian SMEs. The significant usage of Information Technology in the SME sector and the factors that influence the business are discussed. SME industry in India has shown substantial growth over the past few years. The implementation of new technologies tends to offer better opportunities to the companies particularly for SME sector in India. However, there are a few challenges associated with technology adaptation that needs attention. This research is focused on improved business quality and responsiveness towards market opportunities while using the latest technologies available. This study is based on a review of research journals and articles including news magazines concerning current SME market situation in India. The current market scenario of Indian SMEs, as well as several policy interventions and new trends in the market were discussed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ibrahim Khan
Stefan Trzcieliński
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Abstract

The paradox of enterprise management is the company must continually change in a dynamic and difficult-to-predict environment in order to achieve business continuity and profitability goals. The relatively low efficiency and awareness of the need for change at network organizations means the problems connecting with changes implementation, identification of conditions limiting their realizations and importance of final results are still significant. This article described this issue by the diagnosis of current state of the change management in various types of network organizations and showing how this state can be improved in the future. Assuming the organization will strive for conscious and organized change management.
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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Rostek
Daniel Młodzianowski
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Abstract

Six Sigma as the continuation of comprehensive quality management TQM is of interest to many enterprises. Unfortunately, not everybody successfully implements quality improvement projects using Six Sigma tools. This approach requires proper preparation in many areas of the company’s operation, including: organization of processes, establishing measures, employee engagement and creating conditions for continuous improvement. The goal of the article is to present on the case study the idea of using the organizational maturity model for production management to assess a readiness of organization to implement Six Sigma. The case study presents a company maturity level diagnosis and a successful project of quality and productivity improvement using the Six Sigma concept, confirming that the organization’s maturity model is the appropriate tool for assessing multi-faceted preparation for successful implementation of Six Sigma projects.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Kosieradzka
Olga Ciechańska
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Abstract

Tool travel and tool switch planning are the two major issues in hole-making operations of industrial part which involves drilling, tapping etc. operations. It is necessary to find the sequence of operations, which minimizes the total non productive time and tool switch time of hole-making operations depending upon the hole location and the tool sequence to be followed. In this work, an attempt is made to reduce total non-productive time and tool switch time of hole-making operations by applying a relatively new algorithm known as shuffled frog leaping with modification for the determination of optimal sequence of operations. In order to validate the developed shuffled frog leaping algorithm with modification, it is applied on six different problems of holes and its obtained results are compared with dynamic programming (DP), ant colony algorithm (ACO), and immune based evolutionary approach (IA). In addition, an application example of injection mould is considered in this work to demonstrate the proposed approach. The result obtained by shuffled frog leaping algorithm with modification is compared with those obtained using ACO, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and IA. It is observed that the results obtained by shuffled frog leaping algorithm with modification are superior to those obtained using ACO, PSO and IA for the application example presented.
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Authors and Affiliations

Amol Macchindra Dalavi
Padmakar Jagannath Pawar
Tejinder Paul Singh

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