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Number of results: 73
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Abstract

Industry 4.0 (I4) as a concept offers powerful opportunities for many businesses. The set of Industry 4.0 technologies is still discussed, and boundaries are not perfectly clear. However, implementation of Industry 4.0 concept becomes strategic principle, and necessary condition for succeeding on turbulent markets. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) was used before I4 emerged. However, it should be treated as its important part and even enabler. The question arises how adoption of RFID was impacted by I4 paradigm. Therefore, to answer this question a set of technology management tools was selected and applied to forecast RFID potential development in forthcoming years. Moreover, case studies were conducted for technology management tools and their applications for RFID for qualitative discussion of its relevance. It aimed to prove that existing toolset should be applied for modern technologies related to I4. Tools were proven to be necessary and successful. However, some specific challenges were observed and discussed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bartlomiej Gladysz
1
Donatella Corti
2
Elias Montini
2

  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Production Systems Organization, Warsaw, Poland
  2. University of Applied Science and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Department of Innovative Technologies
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Abstract

The presence of the spare parts stock is a necessity to ensure the continuity of services. The supply of spare parts is a special case of the global supply chain. The main objective of our research is to propose a global spare parts management approach which allows decision makers to determine the essential points in stock management. Thus, it is important for the stock manager to evaluate the system considered from time to time based on performance indicators. Some of these indicators are presented in the form of a dashboard. The presentation of this chapter chronologically traces the progress of our research work. In the first part, we present the work related to the forecast of spare parts needs through parametric and statistical methods as well as a Bayesian modelling of demand forecasting. To measure the appreciation of the supply of spare parts inventory, the second part focuses on work related to the evaluation of the performance of the spare parts system. Thus, we concretize the link between the management of spare parts and maintenance in the third part, more precisely, in the performance evaluation of the joint -management of spare parts and maintenance, in order to visualize the influence of parameters on the system. In the last section of this chapter, we will present the metaheuristic methods and their use in the management of spare parts and maintenance and make an analysis on work done in the literature.
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Authors and Affiliations

Oumaima Bounou
1
Abdellah El Barkany
1
Ahmed El Biyaali
1

  1. Mechanical Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Techniques, Morocco
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Abstract

So far, numerous studies have been published on the selection of appropriate maintenance tactics based on some factors affecting them such as time, cost, and risk. This paper aims to develop the TRIZ contradiction matrix by explaining the dimensions and components of each of the following Reactive maintenance tactics. The related findings of previous studies were analyzed by adopting “Rousseau and Sandoski” seven-step method to identify and extract the relationships between TRIZ principles and Reactive maintenance tactics. Thereafter, 5 Reactive maintenance tactics were replaced TRIZ’s 40 principles in the TRIZ contradiction matrix. Finally, the ANP method were used to extract and prioritize the appropriate Reactive maintenance tactics. The proposed matrix in this research was used in the desalination section of one of the oil companies to select on the appropriate Reactive maintenance tactics. The results of this research is useful for managers and maintenance specialists of units in making decisions to provide appropriate Reactive maintenance tactics for the desired equipment.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mohammad Amin Mortazavi
1
Atefeh Amindoust
1
Arash Shahin
2
Mehdi Karbasian
3

  1. Department of Industrial Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
  2. Department of Management, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
  3. Department of Industrial Engineering, Malek-Ashtar University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
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Abstract

Industry 4.0 promises to make manufacturing processes more efficient using modern technologies like cyber-physical systems, internet of things, cloud computing and big data analytics. Lean Management (LM) is one of the most widely applied business strategies in recent decades. Thus, implementing Industry 4.0 mostly means integrating technologies in companies that already operate according to LM. However, due to the novelty of the topic, research on how LM and Industry 4.0 can be integrated is still under development. This paper explores the synergic relationship between these two domains by identifying six examples of real cases that address LM-Industry 4.0 integration in the extant literature. The goal is to make explicit the best practices that are being implemented by six distinct industrial sectors
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Authors and Affiliations

Beatrice Paiva Santos
1
Daisy Valle Enrique
1 2
Vinicius B.P. Maciel
1
Tânia Miranda Lima
1
Fernando Charrua-Santos
1
Renata Walczak
3

  1. Electromechanical Department, C-MAST, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
  2. Industrial Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
  3. University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

The industrial revolution taking place since the 18th century has brought the global economies to the stage of mass production, mass industrialization and spreading ideas connected with its efficiency. The most famous of its kind is Fordism and its modern variations called PostFordism or Neo-Fordism. We can still see traditional way of producing things in some parts of the world, and the leading economies are using Ford’s ideas or the modifications of the Ford’s concepts. But there is a question about the place of these models in the modern economy, especially because mass-production causes mass-waste and modern societies has woken up to the reality of the global pollution, climate change or just the simple fact that the amount of the raw materials is limited. The social mood is slowly changing so there should be a change to the way we produce and consume things as well. There is a question: can we proceed within existing models or should we think outside the box so we can invent more suitable way of looking at efficiency and effectiveness. The objective of this paper is to contribute to the discussion about the future of how are we going to produce things. It is based on the literature review considering Fordism and its variations, Product Life Cycle facing issues like pollution, massive waste and changes in modern economy, as well as on the case study of implementing waste reduction activities in the product’ design phase in the industrial plant based in one of the EU countries – Poland.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mariusz Bednarek
1 2
Aneta Parkes
3

  1. Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa, Warszawa, Poland
  2. Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
  3. Społeczna Akademia Nauk, Łódź, Poland
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Abstract

As the corporate culture and re/setting of employer – employee relations is crucial due to changes in workplace due to impact of COVID-19, this article aims to identify types of organizational culture, and to find impact on the implementation of HR activities and employer branding, including classification of organizations by their defined strategies. A model of organizational culture, including its systematic relationships, is proposed and tested using a sample of 402 organizations across sectors operating in the Czech Republic as a characteristic economy in Central Eastern European region. This model includes different dimensions of internal brand management and manifestations of organizational culture. Data are analyzed using bivariate and multivariate statistics. Identification of a suitable type of organizational culture leads towards successful employer branding and work engagement; brand identification and communication directly raise positive perception of organizational culture. Three major areas of use of organizational culture and branding have been identified: re-setting of personnel processes depending on the change of organization’s size, on the decline in labor productivity and on organizational mergers, changes in scope of business and in market position. The results suggest that orientation on employee engagement is a better predictor of (positive) organizational culture than increase in productivity. Furthermore, the results explain supportive roles of organizational culture towards customers and employees. The results extend theory by empirical analysis of organizational culture and internal brand management from the employers’ perspective.
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Authors and Affiliations

Hana Urbancová
1
Lucie Depoo
2

  1. University of Economics and Management, Department of Human Resources
  2. University of Economics and Management, Department of Management
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Abstract

Commercialization processes are modeled and analyzed from the point of view of the implementation of activities under particular stages. These issues are the subject of many studies and analyzes, which is why the extensive literature is available on this subject. Technology valuation at various stages of the commercialization process is a separate issue. Such valuation is prepared in most cases by consulting companies for determining the price in the buying and selling processes. These valuations use known methods also used in other cases, e.g., real estate valuation. The work carried out presents the author’s concept of the commercialization process model, taking into account the costs and value of the technology at various stages of the product life cycle. The model uses a stochastic approach to determine future revenues and costs, which allows estimating the value of the technology by or in determining the probability of assessment validity. The proposed stochastic approach greatly increases the chances of using the presented solutions in practical activities related to technology valuation for the purposes of purchase and sale transactions.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bozena Kaczmarska
1
Wacław Gierulski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Josef Zajac
2
Anton Bittner
2
Wacław Gierulski
1

  1. Kielce University of Technology, Poland
  2. Technical University of Kosice, Slovakia
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Abstract

The market of consumer goods requires nowadays quick response to customer needs. As a consequence, this is transferred to the time restrictions that the semi-finished product manufacturer must meet. Therefore the cost of manufacturing cannot determine how production processes are designed, and the main evaluation function of manufacturing processes is the response time to customers’ orders. One of the ideas for implementing this idea is the QRM (Quick Response Manufacturing) production organization system. The purpose of the research undertaken by the authors was to develop an innovative solution in the field of production structure, allowing for the implementation of the QRM concept in a Contract Manufacturer, which realizes its tasks according to engineering-to-order (ETO) system in conditions defined as High Mix, Low Volume, High Complexity. The object of the research was to select appropriate methods for grouping products assuming that certain operations will be carried out in traditional but well-organized technological and/or linear cells. The research was carried out in one of the largest producers of sheet metal components in Europe. Pre-completed groupings for data obtained from the company had indicated that – among the classical methods – the best results had been given by the following methods: King’s Algorithm (otherwise called: Binary Ordering, Rank Order Clustering), k-means, and Kohonen’s neural networks. The results of the tests and preliminary simulations based on the data from the company proved that the implementation of the QRM concept does not have to be associated with the absolute formation of multi-purpose cells. It turned out that the effect of reducing the response time to customer needs can be obtained by using hybrid structures that combine solutions characteristic of cellular systems with traditional systems such as a technological, linear, or mixed structure. However, this requires the application of technological solutions with the highest level of organization.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jerzy Duda
1
Andrzej Macioł
2
Stanisław Jedrusik
2
Bogdan Rebiasz
2
A. Stawowy
ORCID: ORCID
Monika Sopinska-Lenart
3
Adam Stawowy
2

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Management, Kraków, Poland
  2. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Management, Kraków, Poland
  3. Addit Sp. z o.o., Wegrow, Poland
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Abstract

Artificial neural network (ANN), a Computational tool that is frequently applied in the modeling and simulation of manufacturing processes. The emerging forming technique of sheet metal which is typically called single point incremental forming (SPIF) comes into the map and the research interest towards its technological parameters. The surface quality of the end product is a major issue in SPIF, which is more critical with the hard metals. The part of the brass metal is demanded in many industrial uses because of its high load-carrying capacity and its wear resistance property. Considering the industrial interest and demand of the brass metal products, the present study is done with the SPIF experiment on calamine brass Cu67Zn33 followed by an ANN analysis for predicting the absolute surface roughness. The modeling result shows a close agreement with the measured data. The minimum and maximum errors are found in experiment 3 and experiment 7 respectively. The error of predicted roughness is found in the range of –30.87 to 20.23 and the overall coefficient of performance of ANN modeling is 0.947 which is quite acceptable.
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Authors and Affiliations

Manish Oraon
1
Vinay Sharma
1

  1. Birla Institute of Technology, Faculty of Production Engineering, India
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Abstract

In most production plants, waste heat is usually discharged into the environment, contributing to a reduction in the energy efficiency of industrial processes. This is often due to the low thermal parameters of the carriers in which this energy is contained, such as oils, water, exhaust gases or other post-process gases, which means that their use for electricity production in a conventional Rankine cycle may prove to be economically unprofitable. One of the technologies enabling the use of lowand medium-temperature waste heat carriers is the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) technology. The paper present results of calculations performed to evaluate potential electricity production in ORC using waste heat from a natural gas-fired glass melting furnace. The analysis was carried out assuming the use of a single-stage axial turbine, whose efficiency was estimated using correlations available in the literature. The calculations were carried out for three working fluids, namely hexamethyldisiloxane, dimethyl carbonate, and toluene for two scenarios, i.e. ORC system dedicated only to electricity production and ORC system working in cogeneration mode, where heat is obtain from cooling the condenser. In each of the considered cases, the ORC system achieves the net power output exceeding 300 kW (309 kW for megawatts in the cogenerative mode to 367 kW for toluene in the non-cogenerative mode), with an estimated turbine efficiency above 80%, in range of 80,75 to 83,78%. The efficiency of the ORC system, depending on the used working fluid and the adopted scenario, is in the range from 14.85 to 16.68%, achieving higher efficiency for the non-cogenerative work scenario.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Arkadiusz Mateusz Musiał
1 2
Łukasz Antczak
1
Łukasz Jedrzejewski
3
Piotr Klonowicz
3

  1. Marani Sp. z o.o., Szybowa 14c, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
  2. Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
  3. Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdansk, Poland
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Abstract

This paper presents the design method and the construction details of a subsonic low-speed wind tunnel, which has been designed to achieve the flow velocity of 35 m/s in the measurement section with expected uniform velocity field at its inlet. To achieve such objectives a very detailed design was performed using a theoretical 1D analysis and computational fluid dynamics simulations. This approach was applied to improve the flow quality along the wind tunnel sections. When the wind tunnel has been launched a direct comparison of the experimentally measured flow field in the test section and numerical simulation results was conducted. Such comparison of the simulation results with the experimental one is presented in this paper. The obtained results confirm that assumed wind tunnel design method was correct, i.e. the pressure drop in the wind tunnel has been predicted very well and drive system is effective and sufficient to accelerate the airflow to required values.
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Bibliography

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[15] Ochrymiuk T.: Numerical analysis of microholes film/effusion cooling effectiveness. J. Therm. Sci. 26(2017), 5, 459–464.
[16] Szwaba R., Ochrymiuk T., Lewandowski T., Czerwinska J.: Experimental investigation of microscale effects in perforated plate aerodynamics. J. Fluids Eng. 135(2013), 12, 121104-1-10
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Authors and Affiliations

Ryszard Szwaba
1
Krzysztof Hinc
1
Tomasz Ochrymiuk
1
Zbigniew Krzemianowski
1
Piotr Doerffer
1
Marcin Kurowski
1

  1. Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdansk, Poland
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Abstract

This paper analyses the influence of three different ring-type inlet duct geometries on the performance of a small 1 MW backpressure steam turbine. It examines the efficiency and pressure drop of seven turbine variants, including four spiral inlet geometries and three stages with a mass flow rate around 30 t/h. A one-pipe and two-pipe inlets are analysed from aerodynamical point of view, taking into account stator and rotor blades in three stages without the outlet. An outlet is added to the best variant. Also analysed is the occurrence of vortices in the inlets of the studied variants 1–7 as well as the efficiency, drop pressure, turbine power and mass flow. Finally, the best inlet for a 1 MW steam turbine is suggested.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Arkadiusz Koprowski
1
Romuald Rzadkowski
1 2

  1. Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
  2. Air Force Institute of Technology, Ksiecia Bolesława 6, 01-494 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

This paper presents the results of experimental research regarding the determination of the flow characteristics of the compressor of an automotive turbocharger with a plastic rotor disc. The disc was manufactured using the 3D printing technology called the multijet printing, which allows complex geometries to be printed with high precision. Currently, in addition to speeding up the manufacturing processes and reducing their costs, 3D printing technologies are increasingly seen as standard tools that can be used in the design and optimization of machine parts. This article is a continuation of research on the possibility of applying additively manufactured elements in turbomachines. The experimental research was carried out at high rotational speeds (up to 110 000 rpm), using the automotive turbocharger with two different compressor rotors (i.e. one aluminum and one polymer). The first chapters of the paper discuss the preparation stage of the research (i.e. the manufacture of the rotor, the test rig). Then, the experimental research and the flow characteristics are described. The results obtained for the two types of discs were compared with each other and the area of application of the additively manufactured rotor was determined. The rotor functioned properly in the range of tested operating parameters and the results obtained showed that the technology and material applied could be used in the optimization studies of the blade systems of high-speed fluid-flow machines.
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Bibliography

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[2] Tejo-Otero A., Buj-Corral I., Fenollosa-Artés F.: 3D printing in medicine for preoperative surgical planning: A review. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 48(2020), 2, 536– 555.
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Authors and Affiliations

Artur Andrearczyk
1

  1. Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdansk, Poland
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Abstract

Hybrid nanofluids is obtained by dispersing more than one nanoparticle into a base fluid. The work is concerned with a detailed numerical investigation of the thermal efficiency and hydraulic performance of hybrid nanofluids for circular jet impinges on a round plate. For this paper, a metal (Ag), a metal oxides (Al2O3) and a metal carbides (SiC) nanoparticle and their water based hybrid nanofluids are considered to analyse numerically with varying significant dimensionless parameters, i.e., the jet-to-plate spacing ratio, Reynolds number and volume fraction of nanoparticles. The results demonstrated that the efficiency of heat transfer of all nanofluids is increased by the addition of nanoparticle to the dispersed in water at constant Reynolds number. Moreover, the results illustrate that heat transfer efficacy and pumping power penalty both increased as jet-to-plate spacing ratio reduced. The jet-to-plate spacing ratio equal to 4 is the best as the percentage enhance heat transfer is maximum in this situation. Since both the heat transfer effect and pumping penalty increase using hybrid nanofluids, thermal performance factor increases or decreases depends on nanoparticles of nanofluids. It is evident that the analysis of these hybrid nanofluids will consider both the increase in heat efficiency and the pumping capacity. The best flow behaviour is achieved for SiC–Al2O3 hybrid nanofluids. New merit number is introduced for additional clarification.
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Authors and Affiliations

Abanti Datta
1
Pabitra Halder
1

  1. Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur PO: Botanic Garden, Howrah-711103, West Bengal, India
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Abstract

Energy demand is increasing exponentially in the last decade. To meet such demand there is an urgent need to enhance the power generation capacity of the electrical power generation system worldwide. A combined- cycle gas turbines power plant is an alternative to replace the existing steam/gas electric power plants. The present study is an attempt to investigate the effect of different parameters to optimize the performance of the combined cycle power plant. The input physical parameters such as pressure ratio, air fuel ratio and a fraction of combustible product to heat recovery heat exchanger via gas turbine were varied to determine the work output, thermal efficiency, and exergy destruction. The result of the present study shows that for maximum work output, thermal efficiency as well as total exergy destruction, extraction of combustible gases from the passage of the combustion chamber and gas turbine for heat recovery steam generator is not favorable. Work output and thermal efficiency increase with an increase in pressure ratio and decrease in air fuel ratio but for minimum total exergy destruction, the pressure ratio should be minimum and air fuel ratio should be maximum.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mohammad Nadeem Khan
1

  1. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract

Based on the exergetic sustainability indicators of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell, this paper studied the effects of irreversibility of thermodynamics on some exergetic sustainability indicators of PEM fuel cell under changing operating temperature, operating pressure and current density. Some conclusions are drawn by analyzing the curves. As the operating temperature increases, the negative impact of PEM fuel cell on various parameters due to irreversibility decreases; As the operating pressure increases, the negative impact of PEM fuel cell on various parameters due to irreversibility decreases; On the other hand, with the increase of current density, the negative impact of the PEM fuel cell on various parameters due to irreversibility increases.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bing Xu
1
Yan Chen
2
Zheshu Ma
1

  1. Nanjing Forestry University Coll Automobile & Traff Engn, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
  2. The 723th Institute, China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Yangzhou, 225001, China
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Abstract

The results of a systematic study of the influence of meridional contours overlap in the stator-rotor axial interspace of the impulse and reactive type stages of a high-pressure steam turbine on the flow structure and gas-dynamic efficiency of the flow part are introduced. The studied flow parts of the impulse and reactive stages are typical for high-power high-pressure steam turbines. It is shown that the stages that have no overlaps and/or have a smooth shape of meridional contours have the best gasdynamic efficiency, and the most negative effect on the flow part is caused by the presence of caverns in the stator-rotor interspace. For cases where, due to technological limitations, it is impossible to avoid the presence of caverns and overlaps with a sharp (step-wise) change in the shape of the meridional contours, it is recommended to perform overlaps with positive size of overlap values near the rotor blades.
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[22] Rusanov A.V., Lampart P., Pashchenko N.V., Rusanov R.A.: Modelling 3D steam turbine flow using thermodynamic properties of steam IAPWS-95. Pol. Marit. Res. 23(2016), 1(89), 61–67.
[23] Lampart P., Rusanov A., Yershov S., Marcinkowski S., Gardzilewicz A.: Validation of 3D RANS Solver with a state equation of thermally perfect and calorically imperfect gas on a multi-stage low-pressure steam turbine flow. J. Fluid. Eng. – T ASME 127(2005), 83–93.
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Authors and Affiliations

Andrii Rusanov
1
Roman Rusanov
1

  1. The A. N. Pidgorny Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems NAS of Ukraine, Dm. Pozharsky 2/10, 61046 Kharkiv, Ukraine
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Abstract

The work presents a numerical investigation for the convective heat transfer of nanofluids under a laminar flow inside a straight tube. Different models applied to investigate the improvement in convective heat transfer, and Nusselt number in comparison with the experimental data. The impact of temperature dependence, temperature independence, and Brownian motion, was studied through the used models. In addition, temperature distribution and velocity field discussed through the presented models. Various concentrations of nanoparticles are used to explore the results of each equation with more precision. It was shown that achieving the solution through specific models could provide better consistency between obtained results and experimental data than the others.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Farqad Rasheed Saeed
1
Marwah Abdulkareem Al-Dulaimi

  1. Ministry of Science and Technology, Directorate of Materials Research, 55509 Al-Jadriya, Iraq
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Abstract

Application of retractable enclosures enables to lengthen operation periods for outdoor swimming pools operated in the moderate climate zone. Enclosures allow to diminish energy losses from water in the pool to the environment. Thermal calculations for pools with retractable enclosures are difficult to carry out because of a number of required parameters which can only be estimated. One of them is the transmission of solar radiation through the enclosure. The present paper presents the method of estimation of this parameter for swimming pool enclosures made of polycarbonate panels that have multichannels structure. In order to calculate transmission, the methodology considering the multiples of solar reflection inside the enclosure and their absorption by polycarbonate has been elaborated. Calculation results for transmission of the enclosure were verified experimentally. Analysis of results show that the transmission depends strongly on the enclosure’s construction and on the direction of solar radiation on the enclosure. Mean transmission values of enclosure under research were determined both from calculations and experiment are equal to about 0.69 and 0.64, respectively. However, experimentally determined mean values of total transmission by parallel and perpendicular solar directions in relation to channel axes are equal to about 0.69 and 0.60, respectively.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zbigniew Zapałowicz
1
Agnieszka Garnysz-Rachtan
1

  1. West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Department of Energy Technologies, Al. Piastów 19, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
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Abstract

Solar cell performance decreases with increasing temperature, heat can reduce output efficiency by 10–25%. The operating temperature plays a key role in the photovoltaic conversion process. Increase in electrical efficiency depends on cooling techniques, in particular photovoltaic modules installed in the high temperature regions. A cooling process using a single nozzle of photovoltaic panel operating under different configurations was simulated. The simulation contains two parts: the first is a thermodynamic investigation of fluid impingement upon the sensor front face. The second is a performance comparison between two types of glass cover. The major result that emerges from this simulation is the effect of a single nozzle arrangement to enhance the cooling process, under a low cadence of impinging droplets in the range 0.1–1.7 m/s.
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Authors and Affiliations

Hocine Mzad
1
Abdessalam Otmani
1

  1. Mechanical Engineering Department, Badji Mokhtar University of Annaba, P.O. Box 12, DZ-23000, Algeria
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Abstract

A film stress measurement system applicable for hyperbaric environment was developed to characterize stress evolution in a physical simulation test of a gas-solid coupling geological disaster. It consists of flexible film pressure sensors, a signal conversion module, and a highly-integrated acquisition box which can perform synchronous and rapid acquisition of 1 kHz test data. Meanwhile, we adopted a feasible sealing technology and protection method to improve the survival rate of the sensors and the success rate of the test, which can ensure the accuracy of the test results. The stress measurement system performed well in a large-scale simulation test of coal and gas outburst that reproduced the outburst in the laboratory. The stress evolution of surrounding rock in front of the heading is completely recorded in a successful simulation of the outburst which is consistent with the previous empirical and theoretical analysis. The experiment verifies the feasibility of the stress measurement system as well as the sealing technology, laying a foundation for the physical simulation test of gas-solid coupled geological disasters.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zhong-Zhong Liu
1 2
Han-Peng Wang
1 2
Liang Yuan
3
Wei Wang
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Chong Zhang
1 2
Yang Xue
1 2

  1. Shandong University, Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Centre, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
  2. Shandong University, School of Qilu Transportation, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
  3. Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, China
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Abstract

Liquid-gas flows in pipelines appear in many industrial processes, e.g. in the nuclear, mining, and oil industry. The gamma-absorption technique is one of the methods that can be successfully applied to study such flows. This paper presents the use of the gamma-absorption method to determine the water-air flow parameters in a horizontal pipeline. Three flow types were studied in this work: plug, transitional plug-bubble, and bubble one. In the research, a radiometric set consisting of two Am-241 sources and two NaI(TI) scintillation detectors have been applied. Based on the analysis of the signals from both scintillation detectors, the gas phase velocity was calculated using the cross-correlation method (CCM). The signal from one detector was used to determine the void fraction and to recognise the flow regime. In the latter case, a Multi-Layer Perceptron-type artificial neural network (ANN) was applied. To reduce the number of signal features, the principal component analysis (PCA) was used. The expanded uncertainties of gas velocity and void fraction obtained for the flow types studied in this paper did not exceed 4.3% and 7.4% respectively. All three types of analyzed flows were recognised with 100% accuracy. Results of the experiments confirm the usefulness of the gamma-ray absorption method in combination with radiometric signal analysis by CCM and ANN with PCA for comprehensive analysis of liquid-gas flow in the pipeline.
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Authors and Affiliations

Robert Hanus
1
Marcin Zych
2
Volodymyr Mosorov
3
Anna Golijanek-Jędrzejczyk
4
Marek Jaszczur
5
Artur Andruszkiewicz
6

  1. Rzeszów University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Powstanców Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
  2. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
  3. Łódz University of Technology, Institute of Applied Computer Science, Zeromskiego 116, 90-537 Łódz, Poland
  4. Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical and Control Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
  5. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
  6. Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
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Abstract

In this paper a new method of frequency jumps detection in data from atomic clock comparisons is proposed. The presented approach is based on histogram analysis for different time intervals averaging phasetime data recorded over a certain period of time. Our method allows identification of multiple frequency jumps for long data series as well to almost real-time jump detection in combination with advanced filtering. Several methods of preliminary data processing have been tested (simple averaging, moving average and Vondrak filtration), to achieve flexibility in adjusting the algorithm parameters for current needs which is the key to its use in determining ensemble time scale or to control systems of physical time scales, such as UTC(PL). The best results have been achieved with the Vondrak filter.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Marszalec
1
Marzenna Lusawa
1
Tomasz Osuch
1 2

  1. National Institute of Telecommunications, Szachowa 1, 94-894 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems, Nowowiejska 15/19, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

Falls are one of the leading causes of disability and premature death among the elderly. Technical solutions designed to automatically detect a fall event may mitigate fall-related health consequences by immediate medical assistance. This paper presents a wearable device called TTXFD based on MPU6050 which can collect triaxial acceleration signals. We have also designed a two-step fall detection algorithm that fuses threshold-based method (TBM) and machine learning (ML). The TTXFD exploits the TBM stage with low computational complexity to pick out and transmit suspected fall data (triaxial acceleration data). The ML stage of the two-step algorithm is implemented on a server which encodes the data into an image and exploits a fall detection algorithm based on convolutional neural network to identify a fall on the basis of the image. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves high sensitivity (97.83%), specificity (96.64%) and accuracy (97.02%) on the open dataset. In conclusion, this paper proposes a reliable solution for fall detection, which combines the advantages of threshold-based method and machine learning technology to reduce power consumption and improve classification ability.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tao Xu
1
Haifeng Se
1
Jiahui Liu
1

  1. Shenyang Aerospace University, School of Automation, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, China

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