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Number of results: 73
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Abstract

While presenting a wide range of cultural, historical and political factors which have influen-ced the Polish and the American reception of Miron Białoszewski’s A Memoir of the Warsaw Uprising, this article tries to assess the role played in its reception abroad by the fact that the original text existed in several versions (censored and uncensored) and, on its way to print, got fitted out with multiple paratexts (introductions, prefaces and afterwords). Interestingly, there seems to be a connection between these fringe texts, the shaping of the translation as shown by choices made by the translators and editors, the evolving model of what is believed to be the right and proper handling of historical traumas, and the politics of remembrance in diverse historical settings and cultural imaginaries. An in-depth analysis of the details of translation and editorship opens up a series of broader questions about the status of a literary text functioning as evidence of traumatic historic events and the mechanisms of its reception by those directly affected (the family circle) and the people outside (with special attention being paid to the tension between the private and the public, and the normative versus the non-normative).
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Authors and Affiliations

Joanna Niżyńska
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Abstract

The most prevalent popular and critical images of Bruno Schulz present a Polish-Jewish writer and artist who turned away from politics and history in his creative work only to be devoured by the most violent political and historical forces in his life. This article attempts to reinsert Schulz’s writings into the social and political history of his day and age, focusing on an interpretation of his novella Spring (Wiosna). It argues that Schulz viewed the meaning and progression of history and politics in mythical terms. Accordingly, his stories contain ironic mythologizations of social, political and historical events. In Spring, Schulz captures, or rather constructs, the mythological essence of the disintegration of the Habsburg Empire, producing his own imaginative and contradictory commentary on the history of his native region during his own lifetime.
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Authors and Affiliations

Stanley Bill
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Abstract

In his introduction to the German translation of Norwid's Vade-mecum Hans Robert Jauss calls the work of the Polish poet a lasting challenge to German poetry. This essay attempts to show the ways in which Norwid’s further reception could help re-evaluate German assessments of their own Romantic tradition. For instance, the ironic undermining of the value of work, both creative and physical, in Norwid’s ‘Irony’ can be used as a tell-tale clue for the pursuit of similar intima-tions in the writings of early German Romantics, especially the barely noticed ironic undertones of their representations of labour economics. Furthermore, the adoption of the newly-developed concept of a political and economic Romanticism for the critical study of Norwid leads to the discovery of an unexpected theoretical coherence of his oeuvre, which in effect (let it be made absolutely clear) loses nothing of its heterogeneity and dialogic nature. The irony generated by the habitus of Norwid’s crypto-parabases (a technique which is a distinctive feature of his dramas) reveals the productive role of time in this mode of poetic representation, the time of work and the time of great projects, and conjure up the jeering specter of eternity.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Mrugalski
1

  1. dr hab., Uniwersytet w Tybindze
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Abstract

How exactly did Adam Zagajewski, the Cracovian exile from postwar Lvov, become the “Poet of 9/11”, as Newsweek hailed him on the tenth anniversary of the infamous terrorist attack? And why has the poem lingered on in the years that follow, comforting readers in the aftermath of all kinds of disasters, private and public, natural and manmade? This essay traces the history behind the poem’s debit in English translation on the final page of the New Yorker magazine’s first issue after the attack. It follows its subsequent afterlife as one of the best-known contemporary poems in the English language, as witnessed by its countless appearances in everything from anthologies to sermons, pop songs, and personal websites in the last eighteen years.
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Authors and Affiliations

Clare Cavanagh
1

  1. prof., profesor literatur słowiańskich i komparatystyki (Frances Hooper Professor in the Arts and Humanities) na Uniwersytecie Northwestern
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Abstract

Adam Mickiewicz's epic poem Pan Tadeusz, published in Paris in 1834, can be seen as an expression of a romantic culture of remembrance which emerged in Poland and Lithuania in the aftermath of a traumatic political event, the January Uprising of 1830–1831. This article discusses the poet's transformation of the devices and generic model of heroic epic for the double purpose of expressing a notion of historical time which holds out an open future for both the individual and the national community, and of promoting the acceptance of a complicated past through the resolution of its conflicts. Both in Poland and in Lithuania, Pan Tadeusz was regarded as a monumental tribute to the culture of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and a major influence on the modern national literatures in Lithuanian, Belarusian and Yiddish, sprouting on the territory of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
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Authors and Affiliations

Brigita Speičytė
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. prof. dr hab., Departament Literatury Litewskiej, Wydział Filologiczny Uniwersytetu Wileńskiego
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Abstract

There are many IT tools available on the market that carry out various types of forecasts in the gas industry. Programming evolves with the availability and capability of computers. IT tools support the user in engineering calculations, but also present the obtained results in an interesting visualization, e.g. in the form of interactive charts. The software can support making business decisions, which, in turn, can be used as business intelligence. In the era of digitization, huge metadata of measurements are created, so conducting data analyzes in the energy sector is very common. Moreover, rapidly evolving artificial intelligence creates new opportunities. The article presents a sample analysis of calculations using RStudio, an integrated development environment for the R language, a programming language for statistical calculations and graphics. The aim of the article is to present the possibility of using R language software to make a forecast and to determine the quality of forecasts. The article aims to present the possibility of making forecasts based on mathematical models available in R packages and the possibilities offered by the forecasting platform to readers. The article presents the U.S. market and has a particular focus on Natural Gas Residential Consumption in Pennsylvania (publicly available data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration). This dataset represents the monthly consumption of natural gas between 2015 and 2020. Forecasts were presented over a span of 12 months.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Chrulski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Faculty of Drilling, Oil and Gas, University of Science and Technology AGH, Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

On 14 January 2021, the Polish Ministry of Climate and the Environment submitted for public consultation the draft Polish Hydrogen Strategy until 2030 with a perspective until 2040. The project defines goals and activities related to developing national competencies and technologies for building a low-emission hydrogen economy. The draft announces the preparation of the “Hydrogen Law”, which is to be a package of changes to currently existing acts, particularly the Polish Energy Law. However, the proposals presented in the strategy do not seem to be fully consistent with the vision of the development of the future regulation of the hydrogen market presented by the European Commission. The article presents the Polish Hydrogen Strategy’s most important assumptions regarding the proposed legislative changes and discusses them in the context of the European strategy. The main focus is on two aspects related to the planned legislative changes that seem to be the most important at this stage in order to stimulate the development of the hydrogen market: the definition of hydrogen and the decision upon which production methods will be supported, and the future regulation of the hydrogen market.
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Authors and Affiliations

Dagmara Dragan
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Faculty of Law and Administration, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland
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Abstract

In modern conditions of economic globalization, strengthening market relations and aggravated competition, the economic development of an enterprise directly depends on the introduction of innovations. The transition to an innovative path of development requires the enterprise to determine its readiness and assess the possibility of development and the further implementation of innovations. Modern trends in the production of conventional liquid fuels in Ukraine, in particular, analysis of the production of motor gasoline and primary oil refining in Ukraine, the share of motor gasoline produced in Ukraine in the total volume of gasoline used, the volume of bioethanol production by Ukrainian distillery factories have been analyzed in the article. An assessment of the resource production potential for the production of bioethanol in Ukraine has been carried out. Possibilities of bioethanol production in Ukraine at distilleries have been investigated. An analysis of molasses production in Ukraine and theoretically possible volumes of bioethanol production from molasses in Ukraine have been calculated. The scheme of key strategic priorities for the development of the food ethanol and bioethanol in Ukraine has been proposed. The advantages of using bioethanol in the gasoline-ethanol blends for vehicles have been noted, a SWOT analysis map for organizing the production of bioethanol at sugar beet processing plant and distilleries has been generated. The needs of Ukraine in the production of bioethanol have been calculated and, according to the results obtained, the volumes of bioethanol production have been predicted.
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Authors and Affiliations

Grygorii Kaletnik
1
ORCID: ORCID
Natalia Pryshliak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yana Palamarenko
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
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Abstract

Implementing energy transformation through the goal of the more extensive use of renewable energy sources is one of the key tasks on the road to slowing adverse climate change. The pace of this transformation is dependent on both the political decisions and social support for the implemented changes. The indicator of the aforementioned support is the Willingness to Pay for Renewable Energy Sources (WTP) declared by residents. The increase of the WTP value influences a more rapid and wider substitution of non-renewable energy sources with renewable energy sources. The goal of this paper is to analyze the determinants of the WTP indicator on the example of residents of Kraków and their perception of the actions aimed at reducing the level of environmental pollution. Research is based on a survey performed on a representative sample of 393 residents of Kraków, Poland. In the surveyed group of residents, the average monthly willingness to pay more for renewable energy was PLN 83.7, i.e. approx. USD 21.47. The WTP differs in a statistically significant manner depending on the type of housing in which the respondents reside. On average, the residents of detached houses or terraced housing declared the WTP value twice as high as the WTP value declared by the residents of apartment buildings or tenement houses.
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Authors and Affiliations

Łukasz Mamica
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Public Economics, Cracow University of Economics, Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

In less than a decade, the photovoltaic sector has transformed into a global business. The dynamics of its development vary depending on the country. According to estimates, the value of the photovoltaic micro-installations market in Poland at the end of 2019 exceeded PLN 2.8 billion. In the first half of 2020, the PV sector recorded dynamic growth with a total capacity of the micro-installations of 2.5 GWp. Government subsidies were among the factors contributing to the expansion of the PV sector. In Poland, there are many financial ways to intensify the construction of new renewable energy source installations, among others: feed-in tariff, grants, and loans. An example of photovoltaic grant support in Poland is the “Mój Prąd” [My Electricity] program created in 2019 with a budget of PLN 1.1 billion. The interest in the “My Electricity” program in individual provinces may vary, depending on socio-economic factors, technological and environmental resources, and the level of innovation. The research motivation of this article is a comparison of provinces in Poland according to selected energy, environmental, innovation, and socio-economic indicators and to show how these factors affect individual interest in the “My Electricity” photovoltaic development program in provinces. The highest correlation is for the total installation power under the “My Electricity” program and Gross Domestic Product and Human Developed Index. The highest correlation coefficient from RIS indicators and photovoltaic data programs was achieved for “R&D expenditure in the business sector”. The population was closely correlated with the total installation power and the grant value of the “My Electricity” program.
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Authors and Affiliations

Justyna Cader
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Piotr Olczak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Renata Koneczna
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
  2. Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

Given Morocco’s geographical position and climatic conditions, solar energy will supply a large portion of the country’s energy demand. In this paper, the suitability of Moroccan lands for hosting Solar Power Plants was studied using the combination of the Geographic Information System (GIS) and the Analytical Hierarchy Method (AHP). The multi-criteria decision framework integrates technical, socio-economic and environmental constraints. For this purpose, a GIS database was created using layers from various sources. In addition, since the potential of Global Horizontal Irradiation (GHI) is the most relevant criterion for the selection of solar farms, a high-quality solar satellite map with a spatial resolution of 0.27 km was used, covering a period from 1994 to 2018. Obtained results show a great potential for solar energy development in Morocco, represented by the availability of 90% of areas. In fact, the resulting map was classified into 6 different classes, namely: Very high suitability, High suitability, Moderate suitability, Low suitability, Very low suitability and Exclusion areas, which 53.88%, 24.08%, 0.15%, 0%, 0% and 21.89% are respectively the percentages of their area occupation. According to the performed investigations, the most significant criteria that should be considered include: The Global Horizontal Irradiation, Slope, Temperature and Slope orientation. The obtained map was then compared to the existing solar farms, and show that all the existing projects are located within areas classified as highly suitable.
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Authors and Affiliations

Meryem Taoufik
1
ORCID: ORCID
Meriem Laghlimi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ahmed Fekri
1

  1. Laboratory of Applied Geology, Geomatics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sik, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
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Abstract

The article presents aspects of the legal characterization and regulation of the natural resource’s treatment that are under the joint tenancy of two or more states. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by that fact that shows the aspects of international interaction and the formation of the practice of legislative regulation of the use of natural resources, not only in the field of state and legal regulation but also within the context of private-public partnership. The relevance is determined by the fact that the main problem of the development of energy resources is an opportunity to determine and accordingly implement certain provisions for international business enterprises. The purpose of this article is to study the question of how representatives of international business can implement projects for the extraction of natural resources across boundary areas and under various conditions within the framework of cross-border cooperation. In the work, the methods of mathematical statistics, historical and legal methods were used. A three-level model was presented. This model determines the possibility of ensuring cooperation, then it forms its legal and regulatory framework and then determines instruments of an economic and legal nature that can be implemented in this field. The final point of the model is the finding of opportunities for investing in the development of natural energy resources on a parity basis, as well as the formation of an integrated environment that determines the possibility of integrating the subjects of international business into the economic environment of the state.
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Authors and Affiliations

Oksana D. Hnatkovych
1
ORCID: ORCID
Volodymyr V. Hoblyk
2
ORCID: ORCID
Olena V. Lazarieva
3
ORCID: ORCID
Vasyl V. Burba
4
ORCID: ORCID
Yevhenii Ye. Hrechin
4
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Culture and Arts, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine
  2. Department of Management and Economic Processes, Mukachevo State University, Ukraine
  3. Department of the Landed Resources Management, Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, Ukraine
  4. Department of Anti-Corruption and Combating Organized Crime, National Academy of Security Service of Ukraine, Ukraine
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Abstract

The research considers the aspect of the formation of interior lightning in conditions of extensive expenses on heating. In this regard there is important to study features not only of places and model of lightning, but also generation of heat in order to minimize expenses and find alternative technical solutions for building functioning. The relevance is determined by the fact that the problem of low efficiency of thermal energy used to ensure an appropriate microclimate in buildings is typical for many regions. The purpose of this article is to study features not only of places and model of lighting but also generation of heat to minimize expenses and find alternative technical solutions for building functioning. In the work, the methods of calculation methods and mathematical models such as the exergy model of humans were used. The authors have determined that daylight is only one of the complex solutions of the matter of building energy efficiency. Providing the conditions of heating comfort indoors is not less important in the conditions of increasing requirements to energy conservation. The authors consider the compromise between these two requirements without harming human health the main challenge to the energy conservation specialists. The authors have developed the model, which evaluates not only the achievements of technical parameters, but also orientation toward the model of energy consumption of human. The practical application of the developed methodology allows for forecasting not only building heating based on projected technical indicators but also tailored to individual needs.
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Authors and Affiliations

Xiangyong Wu
1
Zhi Yi Yang
1

  1. Cheung Kong School of Art & Design, Shantou University, China
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Abstract

As recent studies showed, the post-communist countries have relatively the highest level of energy poverty in Europe. The poorest of them still are not explored. So, the authors decided to study this problem for Ukraine as one of the largest and poorest post-communist countries in Europe. This Eastern European country experienced a number of challenges before the pandemic, including a war with Russia in the east of the country, high external debt, high energy intensity and low added value of the economy. The purpose of this study is to measure how deep the energy poverty problem in Ukraine is and how it changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Applying selected quantitative and financial indicators, the authors showed the problem of energy poverty in Ukraine remained acute at the beginning of 2020, especially in terms of heating. Moreover, its level in Ukraine was three times higher than the average level for the all the EU countries. Furthermore, in 2020, during the pandemic, there were drastic increasing arrears of households on utility bills that meant a new leap of energy poverty in Ukraine. This study did not search for the causes of the identified leap in energy poverty, which apparently connected with the global and local economic and social consequences of the pandemic. However, it revealed the depth of this problem and the lower impact of the nature factor (air temperature) on energy poverty during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research is required to identify the underlying drivers and develop possible solutions to this problem in Ukraine and other European countries suffering from high energy poverty.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anatoliy G. Goncharuk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Kostiantyn Hromovenko
2
ORCID: ORCID
Alborz Pahlevanzade
2
ORCID: ORCID
Yurii Hrinchenko
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Management, International Humanitarian University, Ukraine
  2. Department of International Law and Comparative Law, International Humanitarian University, Ukraine
  3. Department of Marketing and Business Administration, Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Ukraine
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Abstract

The growing interest in green energy observed in recent years has become the basis for pilot studies on its electricity production role in Poland. The diagnostic survey method allowed us to learn about young people’s opinions on renewable energy sources in the context of four identified research areas (the need for RES, planning its installation, costs, environmental impact). The authors proposed a method based on fuzzy logic (fuzzy relations and optimistic fuzzy aggregation norms) to develop and interpret the survey results to understand the selected community’s knowledge about the importance of RES (or not) in the national energy system. The survey shows that although there is no significant difference between respondents in all research areas, rural women are more interested in using green technologies. They have a high self-awareness of their beneficial effects on the environment. Rural respondents, compared to those from the cities, are willing (despite the high cost of equipment) to invest their capital to purchase green energy carriers, which is dictated by their lower knowledge about the forms of external support. Depending on the residence place, respondents selected various government aid programs for renewable energy. People from the city decided mainly on those that would improve the air’s comfort and quality in their place of residence. On the other hand, the rural areas’ inhabitants focused their attention on the aid possibilities, which would reduce the energy costs of the farms they run in the future. All the respondents agree that investments in clean energy (coming from natural sources) will translate into broadly understood environmental protection, bringing mutual benefits for everyone.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jolanta Barbara Cichowska
1
Aleksandra Mreła
2
ORCID: ORCID
Oleksandr Sokolov
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Poland
  2. Institute of Informatics, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland
  3. Department of Informatics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland
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Abstract

The paper studies the fault identification problem for linear control systems under the unmatched disturbances. A novel approach to the construction of a sliding mode observer is proposed for systems that do not satisfy common conditions required for fault estimation, in particular matching condition, minimum phase condition, and detectability condition. The suggested approach is based on the reduced order model of the original system. This allows to reduce complexity of sliding mode observer and relax the limitations imposed on the original system.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Alexey Zhirabok
1 2
Alexander Zuev
2
Vladimir Filaretov
3
Alexey Shumsky
1

  1. Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russia
  2. Institute of Marine Technology Problems, Vladivostok, 690091, Russia
  3. Institute of Automation and Processes of Control, Vladivostok, 690014, Russia
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Abstract

In this paper, model reference output feedback tracking control of an aircraft subject to additive, uncertain, nonlinear disturbances is considered. In order to present the design steps in a clear fashion: first, the aircraft dynamics is temporarily assumed as known with all the states of the system available. Then a feedback linearizing controller minimizing a performance index while only requiring the output measurements of the system is proposed. As the aircraft dynamics is uncertain and only the output is available, the proposed controller makes use of a novel uncertainty estimator. The stability of the closed loop system and global asymptotic tracking of the proposed method are ensured via Lyapunov based arguments, asymptotic convergence of the controller to an optimal controller is also established. Numerical simulations are presented in order to demonstrate the feasibility and performance of the proposed control strategy.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ilker Tanyer
1
Enver Tatlicioglu
2
Erkan Zergeroglu
3

  1. Gezgini Inc., Folkart Towers, BBuilding, Floor: 36, Office: 3608, Izmir, 35580, Turkey
  2. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, 35100, Turkey
  3. Department of Computer Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey
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Abstract

The article presents "-approximation of hydrodynamics equations’ stationary model along with the proof of a theorem about existence of a hydrodynamics equations’ strongly generalized solution. It was proved by a theorem on the existence of uniqueness of the hydrodynamics equations’ temperature model’s solution, taking into account energy dissipation. There was implemented the Galerkin method to study the Navier–Stokes equations, which provides the study of the boundary value problems correctness for an incompressible viscous flow both numerically and analytically. Approximations of stationary and non-stationary models of the hydrodynamics equations were constructed by a system of Cauchy–Kovalevsky equations with a small parameter ". There was developed an algorithm for numerical modelling of the Navier– Stokes equations by the finite difference method.
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Authors and Affiliations

Saule Sh. Kazhikenova
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Head of the Department of Higher Mathematics, Karaganda Technical University, Kazakhstan

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