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Mechanical properties and geometric accuracy of angle-shaped parts manufactured using the FFF method

Wiesław Kuczko Adam Hamrol Radosław Wichniarek Filip Górski Michał Rogalewicz
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 3 | e137387 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.137387
Keywords material extrusion additive manufacturing mechanical properties angle-shaped parts
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Abstract

The paper presents the results of research on the influence of the parameters of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) on the mechanical properties and geometric accuracy of angle-shaped parts. The samples were manufactured from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) on a universal machine. A complete factorial experiment was conducted. The results indicated that the critical technological parameter was the angular orientation of the sample in the working chamber of the machine. The results were compared with the results of research performed on simple rectangular samples. A significant similarity was found in the relationships between the FDM parameters and properties for both sample types.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wiesław Kuczko
1
ORCID: ORCID
Adam Hamrol
1
ORCID: ORCID
Radosław Wichniarek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Filip Górski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Michał Rogalewicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Piotrowo 3, 61-138 Poznan, Poland

High temperature resistance of silicide-coated niobium

Radosław Szklarek Tomasz Tański Bogusław Mendala Marcin Staszuk Łukasz Krzemiński Paweł Nuckowski Kamil Sobczak
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 5 | e137416 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.137416
Keywords niobium silicide thermal barrier coating CVD high temperature oxidation resistance
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Abstract

In this paper, thermal oxidation resistance of silicide-coated niobium substrates was tested in a temperature range of 1300–1450°C using an HVOF burner. Pure niobium specimens were coated using the pack cementation CVD method. Three different silicide thickness coatings were deposited. Thermal oxidation resistance of the coated niobium substrates was tested in a temperature range of 1300–1450°C using an HVOF burner. All samples that passed the test showed their ability to stabilize the temperature over a time of 30 s during the thermal test. The rise time of substrate temperature takes about 10 s, following which it keeps constant values. In order to assess the quality of the Nb-Si coatings before and after the thermal test, light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) along with chemical analysis (EDS), X-ray diffraction XRD and Vickers hardness test investigation were performed. Results confirmed the presence of substrate Nb compounds as well as Si addition. The oxygen compounds are a result of high temperature intense oxidizing environment that causes the generation of SiO phase in the form of quartz and cristobalite during thermal testing. Except for one specimen, all substrate surfaces pass the high temperature oxidation test with no damages.
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Authors and Affiliations

Radosław Szklarek
1 2 3
Tomasz Tański
1
ORCID: ORCID
Bogusław Mendala
1
Marcin Staszuk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Łukasz Krzemiński
1
Paweł Nuckowski
1
Kamil Sobczak
3
  1. Silesian University of Technology, ul. Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
  2. Spinex Spinkiewicz Company, Klimontowska 19, 04-672 Warsaw, Poland
  3. Łukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Aviation, al. Krakowska 110/114, 02-256 Warsaw, Poland

Mechanisms of plastic deformation in light high-manganese steel of TRIPLEX type

Liwia Sozańska-Jędrasik Wojciech Borek Janusz Mazurkiewicz
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 5 | e137412 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.137412
Keywords Fe-Mn-Al-C steels mechanism of plastic deformation micro bands shear bands slip bands TEM
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Abstract

In this scientific publication, research results of two newly developed hot-rolled Fe-Mn-Al-C (X105) and Fe-Mn-Al-Nb-Ti-C (X98) types of steel were compared. These types of steel are characterized by an average density of 6.68 g/cm³, a value 15% lower compared to conventional structural steel. Hot rolling was carried out on a semi-industrial line to evaluate the effect of hot plastic deformation conditions with different cooling variants on the structure. The detailed analysis of phase composition as well as microstructure allows us to state that the investigated steel is characterized by an austenitic-ferritic structure with carbides precipitates. The results of the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) tests of both types of steel after hot rolling showed the occurrence of various deformation effects such as shear bands, micro bands, and lens twins in the microstructure. Based on the research undertaken with the use of transmission electron microscopy, it was found that the hardening mechanism of the X98 and X105 steel is deformation-induced plasticity by the formation of shear bands (SIP) and micro shear bands (MBIP).
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Authors and Affiliations

Liwia Sozańska-Jędrasik
1
Wojciech Borek
2
ORCID: ORCID
Janusz Mazurkiewicz
2
  1. Łukasiewicz Research Network–Institute for Ferrous Metallurgy, Department of Investigations of Properties and Structure of Materials, ul. K. Miarki 12-14, Gliwice 44-100, Poland
  2. Silesian University of Technology, Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, ul. Konarskiego 18a, Gliwice 44-100, Poland

Fluidized bed in gravitational shelf dryers: optimization calculation

Nadiia Artyukhova Jan Krmela Vladimíra Krmelová Artem Artyukhov Mária Gavendová
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 3 | e137388 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.137388
Keywords multistage gravitational shelf dryer fluidized bed hydrodynamics motion trajectory simulation of engineering calculation
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Abstract

The article deals with studying the hydrodynamic characteristics of the fluidized bed in gravitation shelf dryers. The algorithm to calculate hydrodynamic characteristics of the fluidized bed in the dryer’s workspace is described. Every block of the algorithm has a primary hydrodynamic characteristics theoretical model of calculation. Principles of disperse phase motion in various areas in the gravitation shelf dryer are established. The software realization of the author’s mathematic model to calculate disperse phase motion trajectory in a free and constrained regime, disperse phase residence time in the dryers’ workspace, polydisperse systems classification is proposed in the study. Calculations of disperse phase motion hydrodynamic characteristics using the software product ANSYS CFX, based on the author’s mathematic model, are presented in the article. The software product enables automating calculation simultaneously by several optimization criteria and visualizing calculation results in the form of 3D images. The disperse phase flow velocity fields are obtained; principles of a wide fraction of the disperse phase distribution in the workspace of the shelf dryer are fixed. The way to define disperse phase residence time91 in the workspace of the shelf dryer in free (without consideration of cooperation with other particles and dryer’s elements) and con-strained motion regimes is proposed in the research. The calculation results make a base for the optimal choice of the gravitation shelf dryer working chamber sizes.
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Authors and Affiliations

Nadiia Artyukhova
1
Jan Krmela
2
ORCID: ORCID
Vladimíra Krmelová
3
Artem Artyukhov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mária Gavendová
3
  1. Sumy State University, Oleg Balatskyi Academic and Research Institute of Finance, Economics and Management, Department of Marketing, Rymskogo-Korsakova st. 2, 40007, Sumy, Ukraine
  2. Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Faculty of Industrial Technologies in Púchov, Department of Numerical Methods and Computational Modeling, Ivana Krasku 491/30, 020 01 Púchov, Slovakia
  3. Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Faculty of Industrial Technologies in Púchov, Department of Material Technologies and Environment, Ivana Krasku 491/30, 020 01 Púchov, Slovakia

Fault detection for DFIG based on sliding mode observer of new reaching law

RuiQi Li Wenxin Yu JunNian Wang Yang Lu Dan Jiang GuoLiang Zhong ZuanBo Zhou
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 3 | e137389 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.137389
Keywords fault detection doubly-fed induction generator sliding mode observer new reaching law
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Abstract

For fault detection of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), in this paper, a method of sliding mode observer (SMO) based on a new reaching law (NRL) is proposed. The SMO based on the NRL (NRL- SMO) theoretically eliminates system chatter caused by the reaching law and can be switched in time with system interference in terms of robustness and smoothness. In addition, the sliding mode control law is used as the index of fault detection. Firstly, this paper gives the NRL with the theoretically analyzes. Secondly, according to the mathematical model of DFIG, NRL-SMO is designed, and its analysis of stability and robustness are carried out. Then this paper describes how to choose the optimal parameters of the NRL-SMO. Finally, three common wind turbine system faults are given, which are DFIG inter-turn stator fault, grid voltage drop fault, and rotor current sensor fault. The simulation models of the DFIG under different faults is established. The simulation results prove that the superiority of the method of NRL-SMO in state tracking and the feasibility of fault detection.
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Authors and Affiliations

RuiQi Li
1 2
Wenxin Yu
1 2
JunNian Wang
3 2
Yang Lu
1 2
Dan Jiang
1 2
GuoLiang Zhong
1 2
ZuanBo Zhou
1 2
  1. School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Hunan Pro., Xiangtan,411201, China
  2. Key Laboratory of Knowledge Processing Networked Manufacturing, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Hunan Pro., Xiangtan,411201, China
  3. School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Hunan Pro., Xiangtan,411201, China

The real-time simulator using MATLAB/Simulink software for closed-loop coordination protection devices testing

Adam Smolarczyk Sebastian Łapczyński Michał Szulborski Łukasz Kolimas Łukasz Kozarek
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 4 | e137413 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.137413
Keywords real-time simulator distance protections protection relays testing closed-loop testing MATLAB/Simulink
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Abstract

This paper aims to discuss the behavior of the proprietary real-time simulator (RTS) during testing the coordination of distance relay protections in power engineering. During the construction process of the simulator, the mapping of various dynamic phenomena occurring in the modeled part of the power system was considered. The main advantage to the solution is a lower cost of construction while maintaining high values of essential parameters, based on the generally available software environment (MATLAB/Simulink). The obtained results are discussed in detail. This paper is important from the point of view of the cost-effectiveness of design procedures, especially in power systems exploitation and when avoiding faults that result from the selection of protection relay devices, electrical devices, system operations, and optimization of operating conditions. The manuscript thoroughly discusses the hardware configuration and sample results, so that the presented real-time simulator can be reproduced by another researcher.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adam Smolarczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sebastian Łapczyński
1
ORCID: ORCID
Michał Szulborski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Łukasz Kolimas
1
ORCID: ORCID
Łukasz Kozarek
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Electrical Power Engineering Institute, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
  2. ILF Consulting Engineers Polska Sp. z o.o., ul. Osmańska 12, 02-823 Warsaw, Poland

Multiparameter reliability model for SiC power MOSFET subjected to repetitive thermomechanical load

Sebastian Bąba
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 3 | e137386 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.137386
Keywords reliability engineering reliability modelling power MOSFET SiC
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Abstract

The main drawback of any Design for Reliability methodology is lack of easy accessible reliability models, prepared individually for each critical component. In this paper, a reliability model for SiC power MOSFET in SOT – 227 B housing, subjected to power cycling, is presented. Discussion covers preparation of Accelerated Lifetime Test required to develop such reliability model, analysis of semiconductor degradation progress, samples post-failure analysis and identification of reliability model parameters. Such model may be further used for failure prognostics or useful lifetime estimation of High Performance Power Supplies.
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Authors and Affiliations

Sebastian Bąba
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. TRUMPF Huettinger Sp. z o.o., Research and Development Department, 05-220 Zielonka, Poland

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