Production is becoming more customer-focused as it departs from delivering standardized mass products to market segments, and the emerging Industry 4.0 technologies render this much easier than before. These technologies enable two-way information exchange with customers throughout all the steps of product development, particularly in terms of tailor-made products. This study aims at presenting proposals of implementing Industry 4.0 technologies into the process of tailored products, where the product is customized for the customer from the start and where adjustments are also made at the manufacturing stage. The study also aims to build a concept of intensification of customer contact and to improve the process flow by applying Industry 4.0 technologies. The study’s subject is tailor-made furniture production, with individually designed products that are manufactured and installed at a customer’s facilities. The company in the study operates on a small scale. The study employs a case study methodology that shows how the process can be improved in terms of real-time effective customer contact and process flow. The huge potential of 3D visualization as well as augmented and virtual reality technologies are also demonstrated. The study concludes with several directions for further development of existing technology solutions.

This paper explains the rotation and displacement as well as the couple and force stress in material with unpaired electrons/nucleons subjected to a magnetic field. This phenomenon is described in terms of quantum mechanics for nanoparticle and quantum statistical mechanics for loose nanomaterial. Quantitative calculations are carried out based on experimental data collected under the magnetic field of an EPR spectrometer from a set of nanocrystallites of hydrated copper sulfate.

The application of 3D printers significantly improves the process of producing foundry patterns in comparison to traditional methods of their production. It should be noted that the quality of the surface texture of the foundry pattern is crucial because it affects the quality of the casting mold and eventually the finished casting. In most studies, the surface texture is examined by analyzing the 2D or 3D roughness parameters. This is a certain limitation because, in the case of 3D printing, the influence of technological parameters is more visible for irregularities of a longer range, such as surface waviness. In the paper, the influence of the 3D printing layer thickness on the formation of waviness of the surface of casting patterns was analyzed. Three 3D printers, differing in terms of printing technology and printing material, were tested: PJM (PolyJet Matrix), FDM (fused deposition modeling) and SLS (selective laser sintering). In addition, the surface waviness of patterns manufactured with traditional methods was analyzed. Surface waviness has been measured using the Form Talysurf PGI 1200 measuring system. Preliminary results of the research showed that the layer thickness significantly influences the values of waviness parameters of the surface in the casting patterns made with FDM, PJM and SLS additive technologies. The research results indicated that the smallest surface waviness as defined by parameters Wa, Wq and Wt was obtained for patterns printed using the PJM technology, while the highest was noted when using the FDM technology.

Due to the organization of construction works, one of the most difficult situations is when a building is planned in a heritage or a densely built-up location. Fixing an existing situation manually takes a lot of time and effort and is usually not accurate. For example, it is not always possible to measure the exact spacing between buildings at different levels and to consider all outside elements of an existing building. Improper fixation of the existing situation causes mistakes and collisions in design and the use of inappropriate construction solutions. The development and progress in technologies such as BIM, laser scanning, and photogrammetry broaden the options for supporting the management of construction projects. It is important to have an effective fast collection and processing of useful information for management processes. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and present some aspects of photogrammetry to collect and process information about existing buildings. The methodology of the study is based on the comparison of two alternative approaches, namely photogrammetry and BIM modelling. Case studies present an analysis of the quantity take-offs for selected elements and parts of the buildings based on the two approaches. In this article, the specific use of photogrammetry shows that the error between the detailed BIM model and the photogrammetry model is only 1.02% and the accuracy is 98.98%. Moreover, physical capabilities do not always allow us to measure every desired element in reality. This is followed by a discussion on the usability of photogrammetry.

The paper presents the novel concept of the magnetoelectric sensor constructed using the amorphous glass ribbon. Its output characteristics (voltage pattern), conditions of work and experimental results are presented. The novel construction allows for minimizing the demagnetizing field in the core of the sensor and linearization of the characteristics between the magnetic field and obtained voltage. Conducted experiments were aimed at determining the sensor operation in the presence of the constant magnetic field (HDC). The main concern of the tests was to verify the linear dependency between the HDC value and the amplitude of the output voltage. Next, the computer model representing the sensor behavior in the constant magnetic field is described. The model implements the parameter identification task based on the regression algorithms. The presented work shows that the proposed device can be used to measure the weak magnetic field and the dependency between the output signal amplitudes and the constant component in the measured magnetic field is approximately linear. This enables measurements of even weak fields.

As long as high resolution or long-range observation is to be achieved using infrared detection, it will be necessary to cool down the detector in order to reach the best sensitivity and dynamics. This paper describes different cooling solutions currently used for this purpose discussing advantages and drawbacks. Some guideline is given for cooler choice and selection. The focus is on rotary Stirling coolers illustrated by description of the RMs1 cooler dedicated to high operating temperature size, weight, and power infrared detectors. A user case study is presented with cooler power consumption and cool down time of the RMs1 cooler when integrated in IRnova’s Oden MW IDDCAs.

Visible light communication based on a filter bank multicarrier holds enormous promise for optical wireless communication systems, due to its high-speed and unlicensed spectrum. Moreover, visible light communication techniques greatly impact communication links for small satellites like cube satellites, and pico/nano satellites, in addition to inter-satellite communications between different satellite types in different orbits. However, the transmitted visible signal via the filter bank multicarrier has a high amount of peak-to-average power ratio, which results in severe distortion for a light emitting diode output. In this work, a scheme for enhancing the peak-to-average power ratio reduction amount is proposed. First, an algorithm based on generating two candidates signals with different peak-to-average power ratio is suggested. The signal with the lowest ratio is selected and transmitted. Second, an alternate direct current-biased approach, which is referred to as the addition reversed method, is put forth to transform transmitted signal bipolar values into actual unipolar ones. The performance is assessed through a cumulative distribution function of peak-to-average power ratio, bit error rate, power spectral density, and computational complexity. The simulation results show that, compared to other schemes in literature, the proposed scheme attains a great peak-to-average power ratio reduction and improves the bit the error rate performance with minimum complexity overhead. The proposed approach achieved about 5 dB reduction amount compared to companding technique, 5.5 dB compared to discrete cosine transform precoding, and 8 dB compared to conventional direct current bias of an optical filter bank multicarrier. Thus, the proposed scheme reduces the complexity overhead by 15.7% and 55.55% over discrete cosine transform and companding techniques, respectively.