How to search?
advanced search

Search results

Filters

  • Journals
  • Authors
  • Keywords
  • Date
  • Type

Search results

Number of results: 2
items per page: 25 50 75
Sort by:

Design of a novel passive optical line protection for fiber to the home networks

Imene Hacene Fethallah Karim
Opto-Electronics Review | 2021 | 29 | 1 | 33-38 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2021.135826
Keywords OLP FTTH PON DWDM 1×2 splitter coupler (99.9/0.1)
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In this paper, a theoretical design of a novel passive optical line protection device for fiber to the home networks is presented and discussed. Such a device has been designed to overcome several issues of the conventional optical line protection which is based on a switching mechanism controlled electronically. The proposed design is suitable for multiplexed passive optical networks, especially, the dense wavelength division multiplexing technology. This unit is installed at both ends of the network and is composed of a 1×2 splitter to deliver the transmitted multiplexed signal to 2 optical paths and a 2×1 (99.9/0.1) coupler allowing an automatic control when a problem appears. Two optical line protection units exchange optical data through 2 dual fibers. In the case where the primary link suffers from a transmission problem, it automatically switches without any electronic control whatsoever to the backup link through a passive (99.9/0.1) coupler with an average total loss estimated to be of 3.2 dB.
Go to article

Bibliography

  • Al-Quzwini, M. Design and Implementation of a Fiber to the Home FTTH Access Network based on GPON. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 92(6), 30-42 (2014). https://doi.org/10.5120/16015-5050
  • El-Ghazali Hamza, M. & Bashir Bugaje, K. Enhancement of Gigabit Passive Optical Highspeed Network using Fiber-To-The-Home. in 2018 International Conference on Computer, Control, Electrical, and Electronics Engineering (ICCCEEE), 1-4 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCEEE.2018.8515851
  • Naeem, A. et al. Fiber to the Home (FTTH) Automation Planning, Its Impact on Customer Satisfaction & Cost-Effectiveness. Wireless Pers. Commun. 117, 503–524 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-020-07880-4
  • FTTH PON types, 2015 Available at: https://www.thefoa.org/ tech/ref/appln/FTTH-PON.html (Accessed: 14th May 2020).
  • Shiu, R. K. et al. Hybrid transmission of unicast and broadcast signals without optical filter for WDM systems. Opt. Fiber Technol. 47, 172-177 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2018.12.009
  • Gupta, H. et al. Passive Optical Networks: Review and Road Ahead. in TENCON 2018 - 2018 IEEE Region 10 Conference, Jeju, Korea (South), 0919-0924 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2018.8650204
  • OLP 1+1 Optical Line Protection, Guangzhou Visint Comm-unication Technology Co., 2019. Available at: http://www.visint-telecom.com/goods/details/index/id/104/cid/12.html (Accessed: 20th May 2020).
  • Gartia, A., Gulati, A. & Kumar, C. Microcontroller Based Line Differential Protection Using Fiber Optic Communication. in 2013 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies-Asia (ISGT Asia), Bangalore, India, 1–4 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT-Asia.2013.6698741
  • Optical Line Protection Switch, Fiberroad Technology, Available at:https://fiberroad.com.cn/products/optical-line-protection/ (Accessed: 5th August 2020).
  • Optical Line Protection interface card, ShenZhen Sharetop Technology Co, 2015. Available at: http://www.xyt-tech.com/en/goods/160#pro_5 (Accessed: 21th May 2020).
  • Newman, J. Fiber Optic Splitter Insertion Loss Table Reference for FBT and PLC types, Teleweaver Technologies, 2018. Available at: https://fibrefibre.com/tutorial/fiber-optic-splitter-insertion-loss-reference/ (Accessed: 8th August 2020).
  • Lee, B. Passive Optical Splitter. Senko, 2015, Available at: https://www.senko.com/ (Accessed: 5th August 2020).
  • Passive optical components. DieMount GmbH, 2017. Available at: https://www.diemount.com/?page_id=102 (Accessed: 5th August 2020).
  • Son, G., Jung, Y. & Yu, K. Tapered Optical Fiber Couplers Fabricated by Droplet-Based Chemical Etching. IEEE Photonics J. 9, 1-8, (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2017.2738661
  • 1550 nm, 2×2 Single Mode Fused Fiber Optic Couplers/Taps. Thorlabs, Available at: https://www.thorlabs.com/newgrouppage9.cfm?objectgroup_id=9152 (Accessed: 16th May 2020).
  • International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector (2008). Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (GPON): General characteristics (G.984.1), Available at: http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-G.984.1 (Accessed: 20th May 2020).
    • Go to article

    Authors and Affiliations

    Imene Hacene
    1
    Fethallah Karim
    1
    1. Laboratory of Telecommunication (LTT), Universityof Tlemcen, BP 230 -13000 Chetouane, Tlemcen, Algeria

    Recent advances in mode converters for a mode division multiplex transmission system

    Areez K. Memon Kai X. Chen
    Opto-Electronics Review | 2021 | 29 | 1 | 13-32 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2021.135825
    Keywords integrated optical device mode converters mode division multiplex optical waveguide
    Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

    Abstract

    Adopting mode division multiplex (MDM) technology as the next frontier for optical fiber communication and on-chip optical interconnection systems is becoming very promising because of those remarkable experimental results based on MDM technology to enhance capacity of optical transmission and, hence, making MDM technology an attractive research field. Consequently, in recent years the large number of new optical devices used to control modes, for example, mode converters, mode filters, mode (de)multiplexers, and mode-selective switches, have been developed for MDM applications. This paper presents a review on the recent advances on mode converters, a key component usually used to convert a fundamental mode into a selected high-order mode, and vice versa, at the transmitting and receiving ends in the MDM transmission system. This review focuses on the mode converters based on planar lightwave circuit (PLC) technology and various PLC-based mode converters applied to the above two systems and realized with different materials, structures, and technologies. The basic principles and performances of these mode converters are summarized.
    Go to article

    Bibliography

    1. Essiambre, R. -J., Kramer, G., Winzer, P. J., Foschini, G. J. & Goebel, B. Capacity limits of optical fiber networks. J. Lightwave Technol. 28, 662–701 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2009.2039464
    2. CISCO: Cisco Visual Netwroking Index: Forecast and Trends, 2017–2022 White Paper.
    3. [Online]. Available at: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/visual-networking-index-vni/white-paper-c11-741490.html. (Accessed: 19th September 2020)
    4. Agrell, E. et al. Roadmap of optical communications. J. Opt. 18, 063002 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8978/18/6/063002
    5. Tkach, R. W. Scaling optical communications for the next decade and beyond. Bell Labs Tech. J. 14, 3–10 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1002/bltj.20400
    6. Yu, J. & Zhang, J. Recent progress on high-speed optical transmission. Digit. Commun. Netw. 2, 65–76 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcan.2016.03.002
    7. Abbas, H. S. & Gregory, M. A. The next generation of passive optical networks: A review. J. Netw. Comput. Appl. 67, 53–74 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2016.02.015
    8. Sillard, P. Next-generation fibers for space-division-multiplexed transmissions. J. Lightwave Technol. 33, 1092–1099 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2014.2371134
    9. Richardson, D., Fini, J. & Nelson, L. E. Space-division multiplexing in optical fibres. Nat. Photonics 7, 354–362 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2013.94
    10. Klaus, W. et al. Advanced space division multiplexing technologies for optical networks. J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 9, C1–C11 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.9.0000C1
    11. Nakazawa, M. Exabit optical communication explored using 3M scheme. Jap. J. Appl. Phys. 53, , 08MA01 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/JJAP.53.08MA01
    12. Winzer, P. J. Optical networking beyond WDM. IEEE Photonics J. 4, 647–651 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2012.2189379
    13. Chiang, K. S. Polymer optical waveguide devices for mode-division-multiplexing applications. Proc. SPIE 10242, Integrated Optics: Physics and Simulations III, 102420R (2017). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2265275
    14. Sabitu, R., Khan, N. & Malekmohammadi, A. Recent progress in optical devices for mode division multiplex transmission system. Opto-Electron. Review 27, 252–267 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.opelre.2019.07.001
    15. Ryf, R., Fontaine, N. K., Guan, B., Huang, B. & Tkach, R. W. 305-km combined wavelength and mode-multiplexed transmission over conventional graded-index multimode fibre. in The European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC), 1–3 (2014).
    16. Hayashi, T. et al. Six-mode 19-core fiber with 114 spatial modes for weakly-coupled mode-division-multiplexed transmission. J. Lightwave Technol. 35, 748–754 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2016.2617894
    17. Soma, D. et al. 10.16-Peta-B/s dense SDM/WDM transmission over 6-mode 19-core fiber across the C+ L band. J. Lightwave Technol. 36, 1362–1368 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1364/JLT.36.001362
    18. Van Uden, R. et al. Ultra-high-density spatial division multiplexing with a few-mode multicore fibre. Nat. Photon. 8, 865–870 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2014.243
    19. Dai, D. X. & Bowers, J. E. Silicon-based on-chip multiplexing technologies and devices for Peta-bit optical interconnects. Nanophotonics 3, 283–311 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2013-0021
    20. Luo, L. -W. et al. WDM-compatible mode-division multiplexing on a silicon chip. Nat. Commun. 5, 1–7 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4069
    21. Hsu, Y. et al. 2.6 Tbit/s on-chip optical interconnect supporting mode-division-multiplexing and PAM-4 signal. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 30, 1052–1055 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2018.2829508
    22. Zhang, W., Ghorbani, H., Shao, T. & Yao, J. On-Chip 4×10 GBaud/s Mode-Division Multiplexed PAM-4 Signal Transmission. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 26, 1–8 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2020.2964388
    23. Huang, Y., Xu, G. & Ho, S. -T. An ultracompact optical mode order converter. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 18, 2281–2283 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2006.884886
    24. Oner, B., Üstün, K., Kurt, H., Okyay, A. K. & Turhan-Sayan, G. Large bandwidth mode order converter by differential waveguides. Opt. Express 23, 3186–3195 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.003186
    25. Uematsu, T., Ishizaka, Y., Kawaguchi, Y., Saitoh, K. & Koshiba, M. Design of a compact two-mode multi/demultiplexer consisting of multimode interference waveguides and a wavelength-insensitive phase shifter for mode-division multiplexing transmission. J. Lightwave Technol. 30, 2421–2426 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2012.2199961
    26. Han, L., Liang, S., Zhu, H., Qiao, L., Xu, J. & Wang, W. Two-mode de/multiplexer based on multimode interference couplers with a tilted joint as phase shifter. Opt. Lett. 40, 518-521 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.40.000518
    27. Guo, F. et al. An MMI-based mode (DE) MUX by varying the waveguide thickness of the phase shifter. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 28, 2443–2446 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2016.2599934
    28. Chack, D., Hassan, S. & Qasim, M. Broadband and low crosstalk silicon on-chip mode converter and demultiplexer for mode division multiplexing. Appl. Opt. 59, 3652–3659 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.390085
    29. Linh, H. D. T., Dung, T. C., Tanizawa, K., Thang, D. D. & Hung, N. T. Arbitrary TE0/TE1/TE2/TE3 Mode Converter Using 1× 4 Y-Junction and 4× 4 MMI Couplers. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 26, 1–8 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2019.2937169
    30. González-Andrade, D. et al. Ultra-broadband mode converter and multiplexer based on sub-wavelength structures. IEEE Photonics J. 10, 1–10 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2018.2819364
    31. Leuthold, J., Eckner, J., Gamper, E., Besse, P. A. & Melchior, H. Multimode interference couplers for the conversion and combining of Zero- and First-Order modes. J. Lightwave Technol. 16, 1228–1239 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1109/50.701401
    32. Guo, F. et al.Two-mode converters at 1.3 μm based on multimode interference couplers on InP substrates. Chin. Phys. Lett. 33, 024203 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307X/33/2/024203
    33. Chen, H. -T. & Webb, K. J. Silicon-on-insulator irregular waveguide mode converters. Opt. Lett. 31, 2145–2147 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.31.002145
    34. Chen, D. et al. Low-loss and fabrication tolerant silicon mode-order converters based on novel compact tapers. Opt. Express 23, 11152–11159 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.011152
    35. Chen, Z. Y. Bridged coupler and oval mode converter based silicon mode division (de)multiplexer and Terabit WDM-MDM system demonstration. J. Lightwave Technol. 36, 2757–2766 (2018). https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2018.2818793
    36. Zhu, D. et al. Design of compact TE-polarized mode-order converter in silicon waveguide with high refractive index material. IEEE Photonics J. 10, 1–7 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2018.2883209
    37. Abu-Elmaaty, B. E., Sayed, M. S., Pokharel, R. K. & Shalaby, H. M. General silicon-on-insulator higher-order mode converter based on substrip dielectric waveguides. Appl. Opt. 58, 1763–1771 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.58.001763
    38. Cheng, Z. et al. Sub-wavelength grating assisted mode order converter on the SOI substrate. Opt. Express 27, 34434–34441 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.034434
    39. Ye, W., Yuan, X., Gao, Y. & Liu, J. Design of broadband silicon-waveguide mode-order converter and polarization rotator with small footprints. Opt. Express 25, 33176–33183 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.033176
    40. Liu, L. et al. Design of a compact silicon-based TM-polarized mode-order converter based on shallowly etched structures. Appl. Opt. 58, 9075–9081 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.58.009075
    41. Hao, L. et al. Efficient TE-polarized mode-order converter based on high-index-contrast polygonal slot in a silicon-on-insulator waveguide. IEEE Photonics J. 11, 1–10 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2019.2907640
    42. Zhao, Y. et al. Ultra-compact silicon mode-order converters based on dielectric slots. Opt. Lett. 45, 3797–3800 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.391748
    43. Jia, H. et al. Ultra-compact dual-polarization silicon mode-order converter. Opt. Lett. 44, 4179–4182 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.44.004179
    44. Zhang, M. R., Chen, K. X., Jin, W. & Chiang, K. S. Electro-optic mode switch based on lithium-niobate Mach–Zehnder interferometer. Appl. Opt. 55, 4418–4422 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.55.004418
    45. Hanzawa, N. et al. Two-mode PLC-based mode multi/demultiplexer for mode and wavelength division multiplexed transmission. Opt. Express 21, 25752–25760 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.025752
    46. Saitoh, K. et al. PLC-based LP11 mode rotator for mode-division multiplexing transmission. Opt. Express 22, 19117–19130 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.019117
    47. Hanzawa, N. et al. Mode multi/demultiplexing with parallel waveguide for mode division multiplexed transmission. Opt. Express 22, 29321–29329 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.029321
    48. Hanzawa, N. et al. PLC-based four-mode multi/demultiplexer with LP11 mode rotator on one chip. J. Lightwave Technol. 33, 1161–1165 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2014.2378281
    49. Saitoh, K. et al. PLC-based mode multi/demultiplexers for mode division multiplexing. Opt. Fiber Technol. 35, 80–92 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2016.08.002
    50. Riesen, N., Gross, S., Love, J. D. & Withford, M. J. Femtosecond direct-written integrated mode couplers. Opt. Express 22, 29855–29861 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.029855
    51. Dong, J. L., Chiang, K. S. & Jin, W. Compact three-dimensional polymer waveguide mode multiplexer. J. Lightwave Technol. 33, 4580–4588 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2015.2478961
    52. Wei, F. K., Chen, K. X. & Chiang, K. S. Mode conversion with vertical polymer-waveguide directional coupler. in Asia Communication and Photonics Conference, AF1G.3 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1364/ACPC.2016.AF1G.3
    53. Huang, Q. D., Wu, Y. F., Jin, W. & Chiang, K. S. Mode multiplexer with cascaded vertical asymmetric waveguide directional couplers. J. Lightwave Technol. 36, 2903–2911 (2018). https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2018.2829143
    54. Zhao, W. K., Chen, K. X., Wu, J. Y. & Chiang, K. S. Horizontal directional coupler formed with waveguides of different heights for mode-division multiplexing. IEEE Photonics J. 9, 1–9 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2017.2731046
    55. Zhao, W. K., Chen, K. X. & Wu, J. Y. Broadband mode multiplexer formed with non-planar tapered directional couplers. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 31, 169–172 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2018.2887352
    56. Yin, M., Deng, Q., Li, Y., Wang, X. & Li, H. Compact and broadband mode multiplexer and demultiplexer based on asymmetric plasmonic–dielectric coupling. Appl. Opt. 53, 6175–6180 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.53.006175
    57. Wang, J., Chen, P., Chen, S., Shi, Y. & Dai, D. X. Improved 8-channel silicon mode demultiplexer with grating polarizers. Opt. Express 22, 12799–12807 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.012799
    58. Garcia-Rodriguez, D., Corral, J. L. Griol, A. & Llorente, R. Dimensional variation tolerant mode converter/multiplexer fabricated in SOI technology for two-mode transmission at 1550 nm. Opt. Lett. 42, 1221–1224 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.42.001221
    59. Luo, L. -W., Gabrielli, L. H. & Lipson, M. On-chip mode-division multiplexer. in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO 2013) CTh1C.6. (2013). https://doi.org/10.1364/CLEO_SI.2013. CTh1C.6
    60. Yu, Y., Ye, M. & Fu, S. On-chip polarization controlled mode converter with capability of WDM operation. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 27, 1957–1960 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2015.2448076
    61. Yang, Y., Chen, K. X., Jin, W. & Chiang, K. S. Widely wavelength-tunable mode converter based on polymer waveguide grating. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 27, 1985–1988 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2015.2448793
    62. Jin, W. & Chiang, K. S. Mode converter with sidewall-corrugated polymer waveguide grating. in Opto-Electronics Communication Conference (OECC2015), 1–3 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/OECC.2015.7340081
    63. Jin, W. & Chiang, K. S. Mode converters based on cascaded long-period waveguide gratings. Opt. Lett. 41, 3130–3133 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.41.003130
    64. Wang, W., Wu, J. Y., Chen, K. X., Jin, W. & Chiang, K. S. Ultra-broadband mode converters based on length-apodized long-period waveguide gratings. Opt. Express 25, 14341–14350 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.014341
    65. Zhao, W. K., Chen, K. X. & Wu, J. Y. Ultra-short embedded long-period waveguide grating for broadband mode conversion. App. Phys. B 125, 177 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-019-7290-0
    66. Jin, W. & Chiang, K. S. Three-dimensional long-period waveguide gratings for mode-division-multiplexing applications. Opt. Express 26, 15289–15299 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.26.015289
    67. Castro, J. M. et al. Demonstration of mode conversion using anti-symmetric waveguide Bragg gratings. Opt. Express 13, 4180–4184 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1364/OPEX.13.004180
    68. Xiao, R. et al. On-chip mode converter based on two cascaded Bragg gratings. Opt. Express 27, 1941–1957 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.001941
    69. Wang, H. et al. Compact silicon waveguide mode converter employing dielectric metasurface structure. Adv. Opt. Mater. 7, 1801191 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201801191
    70. Ohana, D. & Levy, U. Mode conversion based on dielectric metamaterial in silicon. Opt. Express 22, 27617–27631 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.027617
    71. Ohana, D., Desiatov, B., Mazurski, N. & Levy, U. Dielectric metasurface as a platform for spatial mode conversion in nanoscale waveguides. Nano Lett. 16, 7956–7961 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04264
    72. Qiu, H. et al. Silicon mode multi/demultiplexer based on multimode grating-assisted couplers. Opt. Express 21, 17904–17911 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.017904
    73. Zhao, W. K., Feng, J., Chen, K. X. & Chiang, K. S. Reconfigurable broadband mode (de) multiplexer based on an integrated thermally induced long-period grating and asymmetric Y-junction. Opt. Lett. 43, 2082–2085 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.43.002082
    74. Zi, X. Z., Wang, L. F., Chen, K. X. & Chiang, K. S. Mode-selective switch based on thermo-optic asymmetric directional coupler. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 30, 618–621 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2018.2808466
    75. Jin, W. & Chiang, K. S. Mode switch based on electro-optic long-period waveguide grating in lithium niobate. Opt. Lett. 40, 237–240 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.40.000237
    76. Jin, W. & Chiang, K. S. Reconfigurable three-mode converter based on cascaded electro-optic long-period gratings. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 26, 1–6 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2020.2969568
    77. Zhang, M. R., Ai, W., Chen, K. X., Jin, W. & Chiang, K. S. A lithium-niobate waveguide directional coupler for switchable mode multiplexing. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 30, 1764–1767 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2018.2868834
    78. Lee, B. -T. & Shin, S. -Y. Mode-order converter in a multimode waveguide. Opt. Lett. 28, 1660–1662 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.28.001660
    79. Low, A. L., Yong, Y. S., You, A. H., Chien, S. F. & Teo, C. F. A five-order mode converter for multimode waveguide. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 16, 1673–1675 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2004.828512
    80. Riesen, N. & Love, J. D. Design of mode-sorting asymmetric Y-junctions. App. Opt. 51, 2778–2783 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.51.002778
    81. Driscoll, J. B. et al. .Asymmetric Y junctions in silicon waveguides for on-chip mode-division multiplexing. Opt. Lett. 38, 1854–1856 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.38.001854
    82. Feng, J., Chen, K. X., Ren, K. Y. & Chiang, K. S. Mode (de) multiplexer based on polymer-waveguide asymmetric Y-junction. in Asia Communication and Photonics Conference AF1G.5 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1364/ACPC.2016.AF1G.5
    83. Chen, W. W. et al. Silicon three-mode (de)multiplexer based on cascaded asymmetric Y junctions. Opt. Lett. 41, 2851–2854 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.41.002851
    84. Fujisawa, T. et al. Scrambling-type three-mode PLC multiplexer based on cascaded Y-branch waveguide with integrated mode rotator. J. Lightwave Technol. 36, 1985–1992 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2018.2798619
    85. Gao, Y. et al. Compact six-mode (de) multiplexer based on cascaded asymmetric Y-junctions with mode rotators. Opt. Commun. 451, 41–45 (2019). https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2019.06.010
    86. Watanabe, T. & Kokubun, Y. Demonstration of mode-evolutional multiplexer for few-mode fibers using stacked polymer waveguide. IEEE Photonics J. 7, 1–11 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2015.2497234
    87. Dai, D. X., Tang, Y. B. & Bowers, J. E. Mode conversion in tapered submicron silicon ridge optical waveguides. Opt. Express 20, 13425–13439 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.013425
    88. Dai, D. X. & Mao, M. Mode converter based on an inverse taper for multimode silicon Nanophotonicsic integrated circuits Opt. Express 23, 28376–28388 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.028376
    Go to article

    Authors and Affiliations

    Areez K. Memon
    1
    Kai X. Chen
    1
    1. School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China

    This page uses 'cookies'. Learn more