3D printing in FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) technology is commonly used, mainly in the preparation of prototypes, but also for the production of ready-made elements. Objects printed using the FDM method have characteristic, adverse surface features related to the limitations of this technology. That is why surface treatment of 3D prints becomes crucial. One of the method is metal plating of elements. The most frequently used material in FDM technology is PLA (polylactic acid) and ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene). Study of surface parameters determination for ABS prints after galvanic copper plating is presented in this paper. For this purpose, samples printed with ABS were smoothed in acetone vapour. Most favorable parameters of the surface were obtained for samples that had contact with acetone vapour for 60 minutes. Ultimately, surface analysis of samples after graphite coating and subjected to copper plating was performed. It was found that surface parameters are close to results obtained with traditional methods of metal processing.
From the regulatory point of view a strong link between an animal model and human pharmacodynamics of biological drugs is very important to qualify the model as “relevant”. Consistent changes in cell population between human physiology and animal model gain value of this model which then can be pharmacodynamically “relevant” from the regulatory point of view. Consequently, the aim of this study was to determine how similar to human observations is the effect of selected biological drugs on blood cells in a pig model. The study was to carry out a comparative analysis of the variability of selected biochemical and hematological parameters of the blood after administration of five different human therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) after a single subcutaneous (SC) dose in breeding pigs. The tested drugs were siltuximab (Syl- vant®), omalizumab (Xolair®), infliximab (Inflectra®), pembrolizumab (Keytruda®), and vedoli- zumab (Entyvio®) given in a single 1 mg/kg SC injection. Each of the tested drugs exerted a sig- nificant effect on at least two of the tested parameters three weeks after the administration. Siltuximab significantly influenced 9 of the analyzed parameters. Vedolizumab significantly influenced 8 of the analyzed parameters. Infliximab had the lowest impact of all the tested drugs, as it significantly influenced only two of the analyzed parameters. The study has proved that the impact of mAbs on the analyzed parameters can be significantly extended over time. This requires the monitoring of hematological parameters in the pig model even many weeks af- ter administration of a drug in a relatively small dose.
The antilock brake system (ABS) was developed, which coordinates actions of auxiliary and working braking systems of a trolleybus. A trolleybus type 321 "Belkommunmash", equipped with the proposed ABS was tested in road conditions. The results of tests confirmed compliance of the trolleybus with requirements of the rules UN EEC No 13. Decrease in slippage of the driving wheels, improved stability, roadability and traffic safety of the trolleybus was noted.
Crude oil and light or heavy oils as well as the detergent ABS in concentrations of 5 and 50 ppm partially inactivate arylsulphatases in Euphausia superba and E. crystallorophias. After one hour exposure to detergent solutions the arylsulphatase activity in experimental animals transitorily increased. The arylsulphatase activity proved to be affected also in krill homogenates. The change of temperature, of the krill incubation in solution of crude oil or detergent, from — 1°С to + 1°C did not influence the enzyme activity. The damage of lysosomal membranes, by oils and the detergent, has been confirmed by the fact of enhanced penetration of Trypan blue into krill tissues.
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