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Number of results: 5
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Abstract

Filled pauses (FPs) have proved to be more than valuable cues to speech production processes and important units in discourse analysis. Some aspects of their form and occurrence patterns have been shown to be speaker- and language-specific. In the present study, basic acoustic properties of FPs in Polish task-oriented dialogues are explored. A set of FPs was extracted from a corpus of twenty task- oriented dialogues on the basis of available annotations. After initial scrutiny and selection, a subset of the signals underwent a series of pitch, formant frequency and voice quality analyses. A significant amount of variation found in the realisations of FPs justifies their potential application in speaker recognition systems. Regular monosegmental FPs were confirmed to show relatively stable basic acoustic parameters, which allows for their easy identification and measurements but it may result in less significant differences among the speakers.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Karpiński
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Abstract

For the purpose of making of a solid body of an electric guitar the acoustic- and mechanical properties of walnut- (Juglans regia L.) and ash wood (Fraxinus excelsior L.) were researched. The acoustic properties were determined in a flexural vibration response of laboratory conditioned wood elements of 430 × 186 × 42.8 mm used for making of a solid body of an electric guitar. The velocity of shearand compression ultrasonic waves was additionally determined in parallel small oriented samples of 80 × 40 × 40 mm. The research confirmed better mechanical properties of ash wood, that is, the larger modulus of elasticity and shear modules in all anatomical directions and planes. The acoustic quality of ash wood was better only in the basic vibration mode. Walnut was, on the other hand, lighter and more homogenous and had lower acoustic- and mechanical anisotropy. Additionally, reduced damping of walnut at higher vibration modes is assumed to have a positive impact on the vibration response of future modelled and built solid bodies of electric guitars. When choosing walnut wood, better energy transfer is expected at a similar string playing frequency and a structure resonance of the electric guitar.

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Authors and Affiliations

Anton Zorič
Jasmin Kaljun
Ervin Žveplan
Aleš Straže
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Abstract

High tin bronze alloy (Cu>17wt.%Sn) is commonly as raw material to fabricate musical instruments. Gamelan musical instruments in Indonesia are produced using tin bronze alloy raw materials. The tin bronze alloy used by each gamelan craftsman has a different tin composition, generally in the range of Cu(20-24) wt.% Sn. This study aims to investigate the effect of microstructure, density, and mechanical properties of Cu(20-24)wt.%Sn against the acoustic properties processed by the sand casting method. The material is melted in a crucible furnace until it reaches a pouring temperature of 1100ºC by the sand casting method. The specimens were subjected to microstructure observations, density and porosity as well as mechanical properties testing including tensile strength, bending strength, hardness, and modulus of elasticity. Mechanical properties data then used to calculate several parameters of acoustic properties including speed of sound (c), impedance (z) and radiation coefficient (R). Processes simulation using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Experiment Method Analysis (EMA) were carried out to determine acoustic properties including sound intensity, natural frequency and damping capacity.
The experimental result shows that the increase in tin composition in Cu(20-24) wt.% Sn changed the microstructure of coarse grains into dendrite-columned fine grains. Physical properties of density decrease, while porosity increases. Mechanical properties including tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and bending strength decreased, while the hardness of the alloy increases. The calculation of acoustic parameters such as the speed of sound (c), impedance (z) and radiation coefficient (R) has decreased. Moreover, sound intensity (dB), natural frequency (Hz) and damping capacity also decrease with increasing tin composition. Hence, tin bronze alloy Cu20wt.%Sn is the recommended raw material for the manufacture of gamelan instruments through the sand casting method.
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Bibliography

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[2] Sutton, R.A. (2007). Gamelan: The Traditional Sounds of Indonesia (review). Asian Music. 38(1), 142-144.
[3] Suyanto, Tjokronegoro H.A, Merthayasa I.G.N. & Supanggah R. (2015). Acoustic parameter for javanese gamelan performance in pendopo mangkunegaran Surakarta. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences. 184. 322-327.
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[7] Sugita, I.K.G. Soekrisno, R. Miasa, I.M. & Suyitno. (2011). Mechanical and damping properties of silicon bronze alloys for music applications. International Journal of Engineering &. Technology. 11(6). 81-85.
[8] Sugita, I.K.G. Soekrisno, R. & Miasa, I.M. (2011). The effect of annealing temperature on damping capacity of the bronze 20 % Sn alloy. International Journal of Mechanical & Mechatronics Engineering. IJMME-IJENS. 11(4).1-5.
[9] Slamet, S. Suyitno, & Kusumaningtyas, I. (2019). Effect of composition and pouring temperature of Cu (20-24) wt.% Sn by sand casting on fluidity and Mechanical Properties, Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Science. 13(4). 6022-6035.
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Authors and Affiliations

S. Slamet
1 2
S. Suyitnoa
1
I. Kusumaningtyasa
1
I.M. Miasaa
1

  1. Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  2. Universitas Muria Kudus, Kudus, Indonesia
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Abstract

The different mechanical properties of the materials from which the tailpieces are made have a noticeable effect on the acoustic performance of the violin. These elements are made today from ebony, rosewood, boxwood, aluminium, or plastic. The aim of this study was to check the exact impact of tailpieces made of different materials on the frequency response function (FRF) of a violin’s bridge and the timbre of the instrument’s sound. For this purpose, the bridge FRF measurement was carried out, and a psychoacoustic test was conducted. The material from which the tailpiece is made to the greatest extent affects the modal frequencies in the range 530–610 Hz (mode B1+), which mainly manifested itself in a change in the instrument’s timbre in terms of the brightness factor. The study showed that the lighter the tailpiece, the darker the sound of the violin. It was also revealed that the selection of accessories affects factors such as openness, thickness, and overall quality of the sound.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adam Łapiński
1
Ewa Skrodzka
2
ORCID: ORCID
Andrzej Wicher
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. The Ignacy Jan Paderewski Academy of Music in Poznan Poznan, Poland
  2. Department of Acoustics, Faculty of Physics Adam Mickiewicz University
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Abstract

Airborne acoustic properties of composite structural insulated panels CSIPs composed of fibre-magnesium-cement facesheets and expanded polystyrene core were studied. The sound reduction ratings were measured experimentally in an acoustic test laboratory composed of two reverberation chambers. The numerical finite element (FEM) model of an acoustic laboratory available in ABAQUS was used and verified with experimental results. Steady-state and transient FE analyses were performed. The 2D and 3D modelling FE results were compared. Different panel core modifications were numerically tested in order to improve the airborne sound insulation of CSIPs.

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Authors and Affiliations

Adam Wawrzynowicz
Marek Krzaczek
Jacek Tejchman

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