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Abstract

Three plants extracts were used for biosynthesis of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs). AgNPs nucleation process requires effective reduction agents which secure Ag+ to Ag0 reduction and also stabilizing/capping agents. The UV-vis and TEM observation revealed that the best results were obtained by R. officinalis leaf extract. The strong SPR band peak appeared at the wavelength 418 nm. Synthetized AgNPs were globular, fine (~20 nm), uniform and stabile throughout the experiment. A rapid rate of AgNPs synthesis was also significant and economically advantageous factor. Fine (10-20 nm) and globular nanoparticles were synthetized also by U. dioica leaf extract, but the stability of nanoparticles was not permanent. Despite V. vitis-idaea fruit extract contains a lot of reducing agents, UV-vis did not confirm the presence of AgNPs in solution. Synthetized Ag particles were very unstable, Ag particles agglomerated very fast and clearly indicated sediment was formed.

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Authors and Affiliations

O. Velgosová
A. Mražíková
L. Veselovský
J. Willner
A. Fornalczyk
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Abstract

This study aimed to measure the hope level of Iranian English-major students and also to find out if their gender, academic degree, years spent in a program, and GPA were associated with their hope level. To reach these aims, the Integrative Hope Scale developed by Sharpe, McElheran, and Whelton (2017) was modified, checked for validity, and piloted. Then, it was distributed among 206 English-major students doing their BA, MA, and PhD in different universities of Iran, chosen through random and snowball sampling. The analysis of the data through non-parametric tests showed that although undergraduate and postgraduate students enjoyed a higher level of hope, there was no significant difference in the students’ hope level based on their academic degree. Furthermore, no significant relationship was found between students’ levels of hope, on the one hand, and their GPA and the number of years spent in a program, on the other hand. However, there was a significant difference between male and female students, with males having a higher level of hope.
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Bibliography


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Chen, J., Huebner, E. S., & Tian, L. (2020). Longitudinal relations between hope and academic achievement in elementary school students: Behavioral engagement as a mediator. Learning and Individual Differences, 78, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2020.101824
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Jaeger, M., Konrad, A., Rueegg, S., & Rabenschlag, F. (2013). Measuring recovery: Validity of the recovery process inventory and the recovery attitudes questionnaire. Psychiatry Research, 210, 363-367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2013.06.002
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Lazarus, R. S. (1999). Hope: An emotion and a vital coping resource against despair. Social Research, 66, 653-678.
McCulloch, L. M. (2006). The relationship among hope, optimism, gender, and academic achievement. 66(2) https://www.jstor.org/stable/40971343 Unpublished Thesis, University of British Colum-bia, Canada. Retrieved Feburary, 2021, from https://open.library.ubc.ca/cIRcle/collections/undergraduateresearch/52966/items/1.0086056
Mohammadipour, M., & Rahmati, F. (2016). The predictive role of social adjustment, academic procrastination and academic hope in the high school students’ academic burnout. Interdisciplinary Journal of Education, 1, 35-45. 1(1) https://www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=595571
Rahpeima, S., Barani , H., & Khormaee, F. (2020). Relation of academic hope and approach to learning: Investigating the mediating role of academic self-regulation. Journal of Psychology, 24(1), 106-122. Article Code: 13990124236510 http://iranapsy.ir/en/Article/13990124236510
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Rumpold, T., Schur, S., Amering, M., Masel, E. K., Watzke, H., & Schrank, B. (2016). Informal caregivers of advanced-stage cancer patients: Every second is at risk for psychiatric morbidity. Support Care Cancer, 24, 1975-1982. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-015-2987-z
Saricam, H. (2015). Subjective happiness and hope. Universitas Psychologica, 14, 685-694.
Schrank, B., Amering, M., Hay, A. G., Weber, M., & Sibitz, I. (2014). Insight, positive and negative symptoms, hope, depression and self- stigma: A comprehensive model of mutual influences in schizo-phrenia spectrum disorders. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 23, 271-279. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796013000322
Schrank, B., Ebert-Vogel, A., Amering, M., Mael, E. K., Neubauer, M., Watzke, H., . . . Schur, S. (2016). Gender differences in caregiver burden and its determinants in family members of terminally ill cancer patients. Psycho-Oncology, 25, 808-814. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4005
Schrank, B., Woppmann, A., Sibitz, I., & Lauber, C. (2011). Develop-ment and validation of an integrative scale to assess hope. Health Expectations, 14, 417-428. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.13697625.2010.00645.x
Schrank, B., Woppmann , A., Hay, A. G., Sibitz, I., Zehetmayer, S., & Lauber , C. (2012). Validation of the integrative hope scale in people with psychosis. Psychiatry Research, 198, 395–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2011.12.052
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Wurdinger, S., Newell, R., & Kim, E. S. (2020). Measuring life skills, hope, and academic growth at project-based learning schools. Improving Schools, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1365480 220901968
Yotsidi, V., Pagoulatou, A., Kyriazos, T., & Stalikas, A. (2018). The Role of hope in academic and work environments: An integrative literature review. Psychology, 9, 385-402. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2018.93024
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Authors and Affiliations

Mansoor Ganji
1
ORCID: ORCID
Farzane Safarzade Samani
1
ORCID: ORCID
Elahe Sadeghi
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran
  2. Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
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Abstract

Hydrobionts are considered as highly potential source for bioproduction (including energy carriers and fertilizers) and many biotechnological processes that include hydrobionts, particularly their biomass as a substrate are used in different fields of energy, cosmetology, medicine, pharmaceutics, aquaculture, agriculture, forestry etc. Latest developments prove efficiency in applying anaerobic digestion for purifying wastewaters from organic pollutants with the help of macrophytes and microphytes in conducting biomethanogenesis. Many studies have established that it is possible to reach high level of lipid extraction from algae (to 95%) with the help of organic solvents (methanol, acetone, hexane, diethyl ether etc). Blue – green algae biomass has been scientifically proved to be a good source for methane, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, biodiesel and other biofuel types production. Macroalgae and microalgae contain β- carotene, biotin, folic acid, fucoidans, lectins, phenolics, sulphated polysaccharides and other derived biologically active compounds that can be used in producing vitamins, have anti-ulcer, antioxidant, antibiotic, antifouling, immune modulatory and other properties. Cyanidioschyzon merolae, Ostreococcus lucimarinus, O. tauri, Micromonas pusilla have shown high potential for hydrogen production while Rhizoclonium sp. has been experimentally used as a bounding material in briquetting miscanthus granules, resulting in 20 % higher dynamic strength. The article is a literature review and the purpose of this work is to classify and systemize hydrobionts, reveal regularity of their growth, conduct critical analysis on existing biotechnologies on using separate representatives of aquatic biomes as a raw material and also to review ways of intensification for these biotechnologies.

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Authors and Affiliations

Christina Soloviy
ORCID: ORCID
Myroslav Malovanyy
ORCID: ORCID
Volodymyr Nykyforov
Serhiy Dihtyar
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Abstract

The paper deals with alliances and coalitions that can be formed by agents or entities. It is assumed that alliance agents cooperate and form coalitions for performing the tasks or missions. It is considered that alliance agents are unselfish. That is, they are more interested in achieving the common goal(s) than in getting personal benefits. In the paper, the concept of fuzzy alliance was introduced. A fuzzy alliance is considered as generalization of traditional alliance allowing agents to decide on the capabilities that their agents can and wanted deliver to coalition. Coalitions that can be formed by fuzzy alliance agents were considered. The definition of the “best” coalition was explained. The method of how to find the “best” coalition among all possible coalitions was suggested and verified by computer simulation.
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Authors and Affiliations

Viktor Mashkov
1
Andrzej Smolarz
2
Volodymy Lytvynenko
3

  1. University J. E. Purkyne, Usti nad Labem, CzechRepublic
  2. Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
  3. Kherson National Technical University,Kherson, Ukraine
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Abstract

In this work, the influence of plastic injection molding conditions, mainly plasticizing conditions: plasticizing pressure (back pressure) and decompression (suck-back) after dosing on weight, thickness, mechanical properties and structure of HDPE parts obtained by injection molding with the addition of chemical blowing agent was done. In order to enable the manufacturing of correctly made molded parts under given plasticizing conditions, other parameters (hold time and hold pressure, injection velocity and injection time) were also changed. It was found that making correct molded parts using decompression requires increased hold pressure and hold time. The share of the porous structure in the parts is inversely proportional to the decompression as well as the hold pressure and hold time, while the plasticizing pressure has little effect on thickness, mass, tensile strength and elongation at maximum force, however, it affects the structure of the molded parts to some extent.
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Authors and Affiliations

P. Palutkiewicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
P. Postawa
1
ORCID: ORCID
J. Wawrzyniak
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Czestochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Technology and Automation, 21 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland
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Abstract

Most antiseptic agents are intended for use on intact skin, e.g. for hand hygiene or skin preparation before any medical procedure. This paper presents multiple emulsion-based antiseptic agents as formulations for application to body surfaces with modified release rates.
Multiple emulsions with a co-encapsulated antiseptic (phenyl salicylate – salol) and an agent preventing microorganism growth (benzoic acid) were formed in a Couette–Taylor flow apparatus. Results confirmed the possibility of the release kinetics modification while two compounds were encapsulated in the internal droplets of emulsions to control the release rates and time of the dose release. The addition of benzoic acid as a second active compound of the encapsulation process in the internal phase of double O1/W/O2 emulsion reduced the time necessary for the total release of salol triggering a two-step release.
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Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Markowska-Radomska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ewa Dluska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Agata Metera
1
Maria Wojcieszak
1

  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warynskiego 1, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

End-of-life oriented product design (design for recycling, disassembly, remanufacturing) is considered an emerging area in modern approach to product lifecycle. Numerous tools aiding the design process have been developed, but many of them work as independent computer applications. The presented solution is strictly integrated with typical design environment: CAD 3D and PLM systems. This paper presents the application of agent technology operating in the PLM environment to support the design process. The architecture of the proposed solution is shown. A method of product assessment, based of three indicators, is described. The example analysis of real household appliance is presented

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Authors and Affiliations

J. Diakun
E. Dostatni
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Abstract

Convenient human-computer interaction is essential to carry out many exhausting and concentration-demanding activities. One of them is cyber-situational awareness as well as dynamic and static risk analysis. A specific design method for a multimodal human-computer interface (HCI) for cyber-security events visualisation control is presented. The main role of the interface is to support security analysts and network operators in their monitoring activities. The proposed method of designing HCIs is adapted from the methodology of robot control system design. Both kinds of systems act by acquiring information from the environment, and utilise it to drive the devices influencing the environment. In the case of robots the environment is purely physical, while in the case of HCIs it encompasses both the physical ambience and part of the cyber-space. The goal of the designed system is to efficiently support a human operator in the presentation of cyberspace events such as incidents or cyber-attacks. Especially manipulation of graphical information is necessary. As monitoring is a continuous and tiring activity, control of how the data is presented should be exerted in as natural and convenient way as possible. Hence two main visualisation control modalities have been assumed for testing: static and dynamic gesture commands and voice commands, treated as supplementary to the standard interaction. The presented multimodal interface is a component of the Operational Centre, which is a part of the National Cybersecurity Platform. Creation of the interface out of embodied agents proved to be very useful in the specification phase and facilitated the interface implementation.

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Authors and Affiliations

W. Kasprzak
W. Szynkiewicz
M. Stefańczyk
W. Dudek
M. Węgierek
D. Seredyński
M. Figat
C. Zieliński
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Abstract

The possibility of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Sn(II) removal from model solutions and real wastewater from

the production of PCBs using Na2

CS3

for precipitation was presented in this paper. The testing was carried out

on a laboratory scale using model and real industrial wastewater containing additives in the form of complexing

compounds used in the production of PCBs (Na2

EDTA, NH3(aq), thiourea) and recommended by the USEPA

(Na3

MGDA, Na4

GLDA). Application of Na2

CS3

in optimal conditions of conducting precipitation process was

connected with obtaining wastewater containing low concentrations of metals (Cu 0.02 mg/L, Sn <0.01 mg/L, Ni

<0.005 mg/L at pH 9.39 and Cu 0.07 mg/L, Sn <0.01 mg/L, Ni 0.006 mg/L at pH 7.79). Controlled application of

Na2

CS3

by the use of a platinum redox electrode was also connected with obtaining treated wastewater containing

low concentrations of metals (Cu 0.019 mg/L, Sn <0.05 mg/L, Ni <0.0098 mg/L at pH 9–9.5 and E= -142 mV in the

laboratory scale and Cu 0.058 mg/L, Sn <0.005 mg/L, Ni 0.011 mg/L at pH 9.14 and E= +10 mV in the industrial

scale). Changing the value of redox potential of treated wastewater by dosing Na2

CS3

made it possible to control

the precipitation process on laboratory and industrial scale by the use of a platinum redox electrode. Controlled

application of Na2

CS3

can be used to remove Cu(II), Ni(II) and Sn(II) from industrial effl uent containing chelating

compounds like Na2

EDTA, NH3(aq), thiourea, Na3

MGDA and Na4

GLDA.

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Authors and Affiliations

Barbara Białecka
Maciej Thomas
Dariusz Zdebik
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Abstract

The effects of different types of process control agents (PCA) on the microstructure evolution of Ni-based oxide dispersion-strengthened superalloy have been investigated. Alloy synthesis was performed on elemental powders having a nominal composition of Ni-15Cr-4.5Al-4W-2.5Ti-2Mo-2Ta-0.15Zr-1.1Y2O3 in wt % using high energy ball milling for 5 h. The prepared powders are consolidated by spark plasma sintering at 1000oC. Results indicated that the powder ball-milled with ethanol as PCA showed large particle size, low carbon content and homogeneous distribution of elemental powders compared with the powder by stearic acid. The sintered alloy prepared by ethanol as PCA exhibited a homogeneous microstructure with fine precipitates at the grain boundaries. The microstructural characteristics have been discussed on the basis of function of the PCA.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ju-Yeon Han
Hyunji Kang
Sung-Tag Oh
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Abstract

The paper presents a universal architectural pattern and an associated specification method that can be applied in the design of robot control systems. The approach describes the system in terms of embodied agents and proposes a multi-step decomposition enabling precise definition of their inner structure and operation. An embodied agent is decomposed into effectors, receptors, both real and virtual, and a control subsystem. Those entities communicate through communication buffers. The activities of those entities are governed by FSMs that invoke behaviours formulated in terms of transition functions taking as arguments the contents of input buffers and producing the values inserted into output buffers. The method is exemplified by applying it to the design of a control system of a robot executing one of the most important tasks for a service robot, i.e. picking up, by a position–force controlled robot, an object located using an RGB-D image acquired from a Kinect. Moreover in order to substantiate the universality of the presented approach we present how classical, known from the literature, robotic architectures can be expressed as systems composed of one or more embodied agents.

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Authors and Affiliations

T. Kornuta
C. Zieliński
T. Winiarski
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Abstract

The Internet of Things has a set of smart objects with smart connectivity that assists in monitoring real world environment during emergency situations. It could monitor the various applications of emergency situations such as road accidents, criminal acts including physical assaults, kidnap cases, and other threats to people’s way of life. In this work, the proposed work is to afford real time services to users in emergency situations through Convolutional Neural Networks in terms of efficiency and reliable services. Finally, the proposed work has simulated with respect to the performance parameters of the proposed scheme like the probability of accuracy and processing time.
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Bibliography

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[13] I. Aljarrah, D. Mohammad, “Video Content Analysis using Convolutional Neural Networks,” in Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Information and Communication Systems (ICICS), IEEE, Jordan, pp. 122-126, 2018.
[14] S. Sharma, S. Sebastian, “IoT based car accident detection and notification algorithm for general road accidents,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), vol. 9, no.5, pp. 4020-4026, 2019.
[15] R. Chauhan, K. K. Ghanshala, R.C. Joshi, “Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for Image Detection and Recognition,” in Proceedings of 2018 First International Conference on Secure Cyber Computing and Communication (ICSCCC), IEEE, Jalandhar, India, pp.1-6, 2018
[16] S. Sharma, V. Chang, U. S. Tim, J. Wong, S. Gadia, “Cloud and IoT –based Emerging Services Systems,” Journal on Cluster Computing, Vol. 22, pp.71-91, 2019.
[17] W. Akram, M. Jain, C. S. Hemalatha, “Design of a Smart Safety Device for Women using IoT,” in Proceedings of International Conference on Recent Trends in Advanced Computing, VIT, Chennai, Elsevier, pp.656-662, 2019.
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[19] F. Wu, C. Rüdiger, J. Redoute, M. R. Yuce, “WE-Safe: A Wearable IoT Sensor Node for Safety Applications via LoRa,” in Proceedings of IEEE 4th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT), IEEE, Singapore, pp. 144-148, 2018.
[20] A. Kaur, A. Jasuja, “Health Monitoring based on IoT using Raspberry Pi,” in Proceedings of International Conference on Computer Communication and Automation. (ICCCA), IEEE, Greater Noida, India, pp.1335-1340, 2017.
[21] F. Bhatti, M. A. Shah, C. Maple, S.U. Islam, “A Novel Internet of Things-Enabled Accident Detection and Reporting System for Smart City Environments,” Journal on Sensors, Vol.19, No.9, pp.1-29, 2019.
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Authors and Affiliations

Lokesh B. Bhajantri
1
Ramesh M. Kagalkar
2
Pundalik Ranjolekar
3

  1. Department of Information Science and Engineering, India
  2. KLE College of Engineering and Technology, Chikodi, Karnataka, India
  3. Department of CSE, KLE Society's Dr. M. S. Sheshgiri College of Engineering and Technology, Karnataka, India
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Abstract

This paper studies an evacuation problem described by a leader-follower model with bounded confidence under predictive mechanisms. We design a control strategy in such a way that agents are guided by a leader, which follows the evacuation path. The proposed evacuation algorithm is based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) that uses the current and the past information of the system to predict future agents’ behaviors. It can be observed that, with MPC method, the leader-following consensus is obtained faster in comparison to the conventional optimal control technique. The effectiveness of the developed MPC evacuation algorithm with respect to different parameters and different time domains is illustrated by numerical examples.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ricardo Almeida
1
Ewa Girejko
2
Luís Machado
3 4
Agnieszka B. Malinowska
2
Natália Martins
1

  1. Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA), Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, 3810–193 Aveiro, Portugal
  2. Faculty of Computer Science, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Białystok, Poland
  3. Institute of Systems and Robotics, DEEC – UC, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal
  4. Department of Mathematics, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Abstract

This paper proposes the development of a formation control algorithm of multiple acoustic underwater vehicles by employing the behaviour of autonomous mobile agents under a proposed pursuit. A robust pursuit is developed using the distributed consensus coordinated algorithm ensuring the transfer of information among the AUVs. The development of robust pursuit based on characteristics of multi-agent system is for solving the incomplete information capabilities in each agent such as asynchronous computation, decentralized data and no system global control. In unreliable and narrow banded underwater acoustic medium, the formation of AUVs based distributed coordinated consensus tracking can be accomplished under the constant or varying virtual leader’s velocity. Further, the study to achieve tracking based on virtual leader AUV’s velocity is extended to fixed and switching network topologies. Again for mild connectivity, an adjacency matrix is defined in such a way that an adaptive connectivity is ensured between the AUVs. The constant virtual leader vehicle velocity method based on consensus tracking is more robust to reduce inaccuracy because no accurate position and velocity measurements are required. Results were obtained using MATLAB and acquired outcomes are analysed for efficient formation control in presence of the underwater communication constraints.

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Authors and Affiliations

Bikramaditya Das
Bidyadhar Subudhi
Bibhuti Bhusan Pati
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Abstract

Fly-ash is a form of production waste produced as a result of the burning of coal for energy production. Millions of tonnes of this waste are produced worldwide every year; hence it is extremely important to dispose of it in a useful way, including through treating the initial raw material to obtain a material of higher quality. The aim of the present work is to determine the suitability of processed fly-ash from lignite for reinforcing (stabilizing) soils used in the building of road foundations and embankments. The results provide a method of recycling this waste while at the same time obtaining new materials and technologies for use in road building. This is an important issue both environmentally and in terms of the positive effect that processed fly-ash can have on the stability of road structures.

This article presents the results of experiments carried out using fly-ash produced from lignite at the P¹tnów Power Plant. This ash was first modified (activated) using a Wapeco magnetic activator, and then used to produce hydraulic binders (with the addition of cement) and soil-binder mixtures. These mixtures were made using natural soils from seven different deposits in the Lubuskie region (western Poland). They were stabilized using two hydraulic binders (strength ratings 3 MPa and 9 MPa) added in different amounts (6% and 8% relative to the mass of the soil). During the experiment, a determination was made of the increase in the strength of the analysed samples (after 14, 28, and 42 days) and the increase in the bearing ratio (immediately after consolidation and after 7 days).

Interpretation of the results of the experiment made it possible to assess the dynamics of the increase in compression strength and load-bearing capacity of various soils stabilized with hydraulic binders produced from lignite ash, and to indicate possibilities for the use of these materials.

The analysis showed that it is possible to use these binders for the stabilisation of soils, enabling soils formerly considered to have weak load-bearing capacity (clayey sand; clayey, sandy gravel; clays) to be classified as fully usable in road construction.

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Authors and Affiliations

Urszula Kołodziejczyk
Michał Ćwiąkała
Aleksander Widuch
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Abstract

A large amount of research has shown that there are two types of trait content in social cognition – agency (including competence) and communion (including morality). Because communal traits are more instrumental in locating a person on the approach-avoidance dimension than agentic ones, the former are considered to be relatively more important in person (and group) perception processes. We developed a proposal that this difference in importance extends to spontaneous trait inferences based on the behavior of the perceived person. The hypothesis that trait inferences are stronger in the communal than agentic domain was tested in four experiments (N = 265) using three different methods of studying spontaneous trait inferences (i.e., the cued recall of distractors procedure, the false recognition paradigm, and the lexical decision task). Despite the variation in methods, the studies yielded the same result – spontaneous trait inferences appeared stronger in the communal than agentic domain, but the effect was restricted to the traits of positive rather than negative valence. For the agentic domain the strength of trait inferences remained relatively low, independent of trait valence. Possible reasons for the difference between positive and negative communal traits are discussed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Jan Kłosowski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Wiesław Baryła
2
ORCID: ORCID
Bogdan Wojciszke
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
  2. SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sopot, Poland
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Abstract

Acoustical Driving Forces (ADF), induced by propagating waves in a homogeneous and inhomogeneous lossy fluid (suspension), are determined and compared depending on the concentration of suspended particles. Using integral equations of the scattering theory, the single particle (inclusion) ADF was calculated as the integral of the flux of the momentum density tensor components over the heterogeneity surface. The possibility of negative ADF was indicated. Originally derived, the total ADF acting on inclusions only, stochastically distributed in ambient fluid, was determined as a function of its concentration. The formula for the relative increase in ADF, resulting from increased concentration was derived. Numerical ADF calculations are presented. In experiments the streaming velocities in a blood-mimicking starch suspension (2 μm radius) in water and Bracco BR14 contrast agent (SF6 gas capsules, 1 μm radius) were measured as the function of different inclusions concentration. The source of the streaming and ADF was a plane 2 mm diameter 20 MHz ultrasonic transducer. Velocity was estimated from the averaged Doppler spectrum obtained from originally developed pulsed Doppler flowmeter. Numerical calculations of the theoretically derived formula showed very good agreement with the experimental results.

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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Wójcik
Wojciech Secomski
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Abstract

Tan spot, caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr), is a worrisome destructive foliar disease of wheat-growing areas around the world. Streptomyces spp. have been investigated as biocontrol agents because they beneficially interact with host plants and produce important bioactive substances that can act in the suppression of diseases in plants. In the present study, antifungal activity and plant growth-promoting of Streptomyces spp. strains 6(4), R18(6), and their consortium, were evaluated through in vitro and greenhouse assays. The Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF MS) technique was used to analyze the crude extract of each strain. The results of the in vitro tests showed that the 6(4) metabolites caused several abnormalities in the conidial germination of Ptr. This strain also produced indole acetic acid (IAA) and siderophores. Strain R18(6) did not alter conidial germination of Ptr, and produced IAA and phosphate solubilizers. In the greenhouse, the treatment ‘seed inoculation plus foliar spray’ with streptomycetes propagules and metabolites contributed to biomass gain, with no statistical difference between the strains ( p < 0.05). Treatments with 6(4) ‘seed inoculation’, ‘seed inoculation plus foliar spray’, and consortium ‘seed inoculation’ showed the lowest percentage of injured area compared to other treatments ( p < 0.05). UHPLC-QTOF MS data showed that erucamide is present in the culture of 6(4), but not in the culture of R18(6). Therefore, this substance is one of those involved in Ptr hyphal abnormalities, and R18(6) use indirect mechanisms of action to control Ptr. We concluded that these Streptomyces spp. and their metabolites have a promising potential for biological control of Ptr to protect wheat plants from tan spot damage.
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Authors and Affiliations

Priscila Monteiro Pereira
1
Flávio Martins Santana
2
Alexsandro Dallegrave
3
Sueli Teresinha Van Der Sand
1

  1. Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
  2. Embrapa Clima Temperado, Estação Experimental Terras Baixas, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
  3. Departamento de Central Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Abstract

Atmospheric deposition, vehicular transportation and de-icing agents are major sources polluted snow in urban. This study investigates the current trace elements concentrations of snow and de-icing using ICP-MS, and phytotoxicity using three vascular plants in snow. The study assesses the contamination, classification and phytotoxicity of snow quality removed from roads of residential areas and piled on children’s playgrounds in residential territories. The research found that according to Russian environmental quality standard for water has been identified the exceeding trace elements in snow by W, Se, Mn, Cu, V, Mo, Ni and Zn. The pollution indices ( PLI, CF and Zc) were identified pollution level of snow piles from moderate contamination to very high contamination. Based on average germination index values for Sinapis alba L., Lepidium sativum L., and Triticum aestivum L., the degree of inhibition in snow piles varied from no inhibition to strong inhibition. The trace elements content in de-icing “Galit А” and salt sand mix are defined in the following descending order: Zn > Mn > Ba > V > Rb > Sr and Mn > Ba > Cr > V > Sr > Ni, respectively. High concentrations of trace elements in snow piles are a source of environmental pollution. To prevent snow storage and disposal in residential areas should be involved in future studies of environmental pollution and circular economy, so that environmental managers can reduce threats to the environment and public health, as well as initiate circular economy projects in urban areas.
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Authors and Affiliations

Evgeniya Ushakova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Elena Menshikova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Tatiana Karavaeva
1
ORCID: ORCID
Alexey Puzik
1
ORCID: ORCID
Margarita Volkova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sergey Vaganov
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Perm State University, Natural Science Institute, Genkel St 4, 614990 Perm, Russia
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate in detail both the in vivo and in vitro efficacy of the enzyme agents, ZYMOX® Plus Otic (ZYMOX-P), in the treatment of canine otitis externa (OE). Eight dogs with a diagnosis of non-seasonal severe chronic OE were recruited for the study. ZYMOX-P was administered for 2-4 weeks. The Otitis Index Score (OTIS3) and bacteria or yeast colony growth were measured. Also, minimum biofilm (BF) formation inhibition concentration (MBIC) and BF bactericidal concentration (BBC) were measured in vitro. OTIS3 showed a statistically significant reduction after treatment (88.2%, p<0.001; pre-treatment = 11.0 ± 0.9; post-treatment = 1.3 ± 0.4, mean ± SEM). The individual OTIS scores, erythema, edema, erosions/ ulcerations, exudate and pruritus showed significant reduction (85.7%, 95.7%, 83.3%, 80.0%, and 89.3%, respectively). Microscopic examination revealed the presence of BF exopolysaccharide in all 8 ear samples when stained with alcian blue. Seven of the 8 dogs (87.5%) showed a reduction in colony growth. ZYMOX-P was effective at 34-fold and 16-fold dilutions on MBIC and BBC, respectively. These findings indicate that ZYMOX-P has efficacy against BF-related infection and is beneficial when used for the management of canine OE.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Fujimura
1

  1. Fujimura Animal Allergy Hospital, Aomatanihigashi 5-10-26, Minou-city, Osaka 562-0022, Japan
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Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced virtually all aspects of our lives. Across the world, countries have applied various mitigation strategies, based on social, political, and technological instruments. We postulate that multi-agent systems can provide a common platform to study (and balance) their essential properties. We also show how to obtain a comprehensive list of the properties by “distilling” them from media snippets. Finally, we present a preliminary take on their formal specification, using ideas from multi-agent logics.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wojciech Jamroga
1 2
David Mestel
1
Peter B. Roenne
1
Peter Y.A. Ryan
1
Marjan Skrobot
1

  1. Interdisciplinary Centre on Security, Reliability and Trust, SnT, University of Luxembourg
  2. Institute of Computer Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Jana Kazimierza 5, 01-248 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

The paper presents the effect of a viscosity modifying admixture (VMA) on the air permeability, sorptivity and strength parameters (compressive and tensile strength) of concrete. The Atlas VM-500 admixture used in the research is a well-known additive that is commonly applied in concrete technology. Air permeability tests were carried out using the Torrent method. It was found that viscosity modifying admixtures (VMAs) have a significant impact on the permeability of concrete. The lowest values of the ���� coefficient were obtained for specimens that matured in a water environment, and which contained 0.5% of VMA. This amount of additive reduced permeability by 34% when compared to the reference series of concrete. For air-conditioned specimens with 1.2% of VMA, the maximum decrease was 28% when compared to the reference samples. In the case of samples conditioned in an environment with an increased humidity, the maximum decrease occurred with a lower VMA content of 0.5% and amounted to 27% when compared to the reference samples. In addition, it was shown that the addition of 1.2% of VMA improved the compressive strength of concrete by 2.3% during its curing in water. In turn, this amount of VMA deteriorated its strength by 10.4% when the specimens were conditioned in air, and by 8.1% when they were conditioned in high humidity.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wojciech Kubissa
1
ORCID: ORCID
Karol Prałat
1
ORCID: ORCID
Szymon Kania
1

  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry, ul. Łukasiewicza 17, 09-400 Płock, Poland
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Abstract

The effect of the air-entraining agent on properties of mortar mixtures as well as on the compressive strength of hardened mortars was the objective of this study. Such mortars contain a certain amount of evenly spread closed air-voids pores with dimensions of 0.02-0.05 mm. On the one hand, the presence of a large volume of such air bubbles results in the reduction of mechanical properties of mortar. On the other hand, the use of this technological approach improves rheological properties of mortar mixture. The effect of the air entrainment on the flow, density, volume of entrained air of mortar mixture and compressive strength of hardened mortar was established. Obtained results show substantial increasing in the mortar flow at cement to sand ratio 1:2 by 1.8 times. The further decrease of C:S ratio results in a slight increase of the flow and even negligible its decrease at C:S = 1:4 compared to the reference mortar. The increase of the volume of entrained air results in the decrease of the density and compressive strength of mortar, but improve the resistance to freezing/thawing cycles. The results of this study can be a guide for mortar mix design to choose the most appropriate mix proportion to produce economically efficient mortars.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zinoviy Blikharskyy
1
Taras Markiv
2
Khrystyna Sobol
3
Yurii Turba
3
Jacek Selejdak
4

  1. Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, 69 St. Dabrowskiego, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland
  2. Department of Building Production, Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Systems, Lviv Polytechnic National University, S. Bandery Street 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
  3. Department of Highways and Bridges, Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Systems, Lviv Polytechnic National University, S. Bandery Street 12, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
  4. Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, 69 St. Dabrowskiego,42-201 Czestochowa, Poland
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Abstract

The new industrial era, industry 4.0, leans on Cyber Physical Systems CPS. It is an emergent approach of Production System design that consists of the intimate integration between physical processes and information computation and communication systems. The CPSs redefine the decision-making process in shop floor level to reach an intelligent shop floor control. The scheduling is one of the most important shop floor control functions. In this paper, we propose a cooperative scheduling based on multi-agents modelling for Cyber Physical Production Systems. To validate this approach, we describe a use case in which we implement a scheduling module within a flexible machining cell control tool.
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Authors and Affiliations

Hassan Khadiri
1
Souhail Sekkat
2
Brahim Herrou
3

  1. Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Laboratory of Industrial Technologies, Morocco
  2. Moulay Ismail University, ENSAM-Meknes, Morocco
  3. Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Superior School of Technology, Morocco

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