Search results

Filters

  • Journals
  • Authors
  • Keywords
  • Date
  • Type

Search results

Number of results: 3
items per page: 25 50 75
Sort by:
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In this paper we study the relationship between foreign firm ownership and innovation activities in a wide group of West European and Central and East European countries. Based on a dataset including more than 100,000 firms covered by the 2014 edition of the Community Innovation Survey, we examine the role of home- and host country effects in firms’ decisions to introduce various forms of innovation. In addition, we identify a group of foreign-owned firms that specialize in exporting and interpret them as participants of hierarchic global value chains organized by multinational enterprises. We show that while foreign direct investment, especially from Germany, is positively associated with innovation, the opposite effect is observed in the case of hierarchic global value chains’ participants. The negative impact of within-multinationals global value chains on innovation is more pronounced in the affiliates located in the Central and East European countries.
Go to article

Bibliography

[1] Aghion P., (2004), Growth and development: A Schumpeterian approach, Annals of Economics and Finance 5, 1–25.
[2] Aghion P., Howitt P., (1992), A model of growth through creative destruction, Econometrica 60, 323–351.
[3] Aghion P., Howitt P., (1998), Endogenous growth theory, MIT Press, Cambridge.
[4] Amador J., Cabral S., (2016), Global value chains: A survey of drivers and measures, Journal of Economic Surveys 30(2), 278–301.
[5] Amador J., Cabral S., Mastrandrea R., Ruzzenenti F., (2018), Who’s who in global value chains? A weighted network approach, Open Economies Review 29(5), 1039–1059.
[6] Ambroziak Ł., (2018), The CEECs in global value chains: The role of Germany, Acta Oeconomica 68(1), 1–29.
[7] Antràs P., (2020), Conceptual aspects of global value chains, The World Bank.
[8] Andersson T., (2005), Linking national science, technology and innovation policies with FDI policies, [in:] Proceedings of UNCTAD Expert Meeting on the Impact of FDI on Development, Geneva.
[9] Bair J., Gereffi G., (2001), Local clusters in global chains: The causes and consequences of export dynamism in Torreon’s blue jeans industry, World Development 29(11), 1885–1903.
[10] Bazan L., Navas-Aleman L., (2004), The underground revolution in the Sinos Valley: A comparison of upgrading in global and national value-chains, [in:] Local Enterprises in the Global Economy: Issues of Governance and Upgrading, [ed.:] Schmitz H., Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 110–140.
[11] Bedi A. S., Cieslik A., (2002), Wages and wage growth in Poland: The role of foreign direct investment, Economics of Transition 10(1), 1–27.
[12] Benkovskis K., Masso J., Tkacevs O., Vahter P., Yashiro N., (2019), Export and productivity in global value chains: Comparative evidence from Latvia and Estonia, Review of World Economics, 1–21.
[13] Berger M., Diez J. R., (2008), Can host innovation systems in late industrializing countries benefit from the presence of transnational corporations? Insights from Thailand’s manufacturing industry, European Planning Studies 16(8), 1047–1074.
[14] Birkinshaw J., (1996), World mandate strategies for Canadian subsidiaries, Industry Canada Working Paper 9.
[15] Birkinshaw J., (1998), Foreign owned subsidiaries and regional development: the case of Sweden, [in:] Multinational Corporate Evolution and Subsidiary Development, [eds.:] Birkinshaw J., Hood N., McMillian, London, 268–298.
[16] Birkinshaw J., Hood N., (1998), Multinational subsidiary evolution: capability and charter change in foreign-owned subsidiary companies, Academy of Management Review 23(4), 773–95.
[17] Birkinshaw J., Hood N., (2001), Unleashing innovation in foreign subsidiaries, Harvard Business Review 79(3), 131–137.
[18] Blomstrom M., Kokko A., (2002), FDI and human capital: A research agenda, OECD Development Centre, Working Paper no. 195.
[19] Brancati E., Brancati R., Maresca A., (2017), Global value chains, innovation and performance: firm-level evidence from the Great Recession, Journal of Economic Geography 17(5), 1039–1073.
[20] Cieslik A., Hagemejer J., (2014), Multinational enterprises, absorptive capacity and export spillovers: evidence from Polish firm-level data, Review of Development Economics 18(4), 709–726.
[21] Cieslik A., Michałek J. J., Szczygielski K., (2019), What matters for firms’ participation in Global Value Chains in Central and East European countries?, Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy 14(3), 481– 502.
[22] Cohen W. M., Levinthal D. A., (1990), Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation, Administrative Science Quarterly 35, 128–152.
[23] Costa I., Filippov S., (2007), A new nexus between foreign direct investment, industrial and innovation policies, UNU-MERIT Working Paper #2007-030.
[24] De Marchi V., Giuliani E., Rabellotti R., (2018), Do global value chains offer developing countries learning and innovation opportunities?, The European Journal of Development Research 30(3), 389–407.
[25] D’Este P., Rentocchini F., Vega-Jurado J., (2014), The role of human capital in lowering the barriers to engaging in innovation: evidence from the Spanish innovation survey, Industry and Innovation 21(1), 1–19.
[26] Dolan C., Humphrey J., (2000), Governance and trade in fresh vegetables: The impact of UK supermarkets on the African horticulture industry, Journal of Development Studies 37(2), 147–176.
[27] Fagerberg J., Martin S., Mark K., (2007), The competitiveness of nations: Why some countries prosper while others fall behind, World Development 35, 1595– 1620.
[28] Fagerberg J., Srholec M., (2017), Capabilities, economic development, sustainability, Cambridge Journal of Economics 41(3), 905–926.
[29] Foss N. J., Pedersen T., (2004), Organizing knowledge processes in the multinational corporation: an introduction, Journal of International Business Studies 35, 340–349.
[30] Furman J. L., Porter M. E., Stern S., (2002), The determinants of national innovative capacity, Research Policy 31, 899–933.
[31] Gereffi G., Humphrey J., Sturgeon T., (2005), The governance of global value chains, Review of International Political Economy 12(1), 78–104.
[32] Geroski P. A., (1989), Entry, innovation and productivity growth, Review of Economics and Statistics 71, 572–578.
[33] Ghoshal S., Nohria N., (1989), Internal differentiation within multinational corporations, Strategic Management Journal 10(4), 323–337.
[34] Giuliani E., Pietrobelli C., Rabellotti R., (2005), Upgrading in global value chains: Lessons from Latin American clusters, World Development 33(4), 549– 573.
[35] Grilliches Z., (1990), Patent statistics as economic indicators: A survey, Journal of Economic Literature 28, 1646–1661.
[36] Hashi I., N. Stojcic, (2013), The impact of innovation activities on firm performance using a multi-stage model: Evidence from the Community Innovation Survey 4, Research Policy 42(2), 353–366.
[37] Hayter R., Han S., (1998), Reflections on China’s open policy towards direct foreign investment, Regional Studies 32, 1–16.
[38] Helpman E., (1984), A simple theory of trade with multinational corporations, Journal of Political Economy 92, 451–471.
[39] Helpman E., (1985), Multinational corporations and trade structure, Review of Economic Studies 52, 443–458.
[40] Helpman E., Krugman P. R., (1985), Market structure and foreign trade: Increasing returns, imperfect competition and the international economy, MIT Press, Cambridge.
[41] Holm U., Malmberg A., and Sölvell Ö., (2003), Subsidiary impact on hostcountry economies: the case of foreign-owned subsidiaries attracting investment into Sweden, Journal of Economic Geography 3(4), 389–408.
[42] Katz J. M., Bercovich N. A., (1993), National systems of innovation supporting technical advance in industry: the case of Argentina, [in:] National Innovation Systems: A comparative analysis, [ed.:] Nelson R. R., 451–475.
[43] Kolasa M., (2008), How does FDI inflow affect productivity of domestic firms? The role of horizontal and vertical spillovers, absorptive capacity and competition, Journal of International Trade & Economic Development 17(1), 155–173.
[44] Krugman P. R., (1983), The “New Theories” of international trade and the multinational enterprise, [in:] The multinational corporation in the 1980s, [eds.:] Kindleberger Ch. P., Audretsch D. B., MIT Press, Cambridge, 57–73.
[45] Lacasa I. D., Giebler A., Radoševic S., (2017), Technological capabilities in Central and Eastern Europe: an analysis based on priority patents, Scientometrics 111(1), 83–102.
[46] Lall S., (1992), Technological capabilities and industrialization, World Development 20(2), 165–186.
[47] Lema R., Pietrobelli C., Rabellotti R., (2019), Innovation in Global Value Chains, [in:] Handbook of Global Value Chains, [eds.:] Gereffi G., Ponte S., Raj-Reichert G., Edward Elga, Cheltenham and Lyme, 370–384.
[48] Lema R., Quadros R., Schmitz H., (2015), Reorganising global value chains and building innovation capabilities in Brazil and India, Research Policy 44(7), 1376– 1386.
[49] Marin A., Bell M., (2006), Technology Spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): an Exploration of the Active Role of MNC Subsidiaries in the Case of Argentina in the 1990s, Journal of Development Studies 42(4), 678–697.
[50] Morrison A., Pietrobelli C., Rabellotti R., (2008), Global value chains and technological capabilities: a framework to study learning and innovation in developing countries, Oxford Development Studies 36(1), 39–58.
[51] Pearce R., (2001), Multinationals and industrialisation: the bases of ’inward investment’ policy, International Journal of the Economics of Business 8(1), 51– 73.
[52] Pearce R., (2005), The globalization of R&D: key features and the role of TNCs, [in:] Proceedings of UNCTAD Expert Meeting on the Impact of FDI on Development, Geneva.
[53] Pearce R., Papanastassiou M., (2006), Multinationals and national systems of innovation: strategy and policy issues, [in:] Multinationals, clusters and innovation, [eds.:] Tavares A. T., Teixeira A., Palgrave Macmillan.
[54] Pedersen T., (2006), Determining factors of subsidiary development, [in:] Multinationals, clusters and innovation, [eds.:] Tavares A. T., Teixeira A., Palgrave Macmillan.
[55] Penrose E. T., (1956), Foreign investment and the growth of the firm, Economic Journal 66, 220–236.
[56] Pietrobelli C., Rabellotti R., (2011), Global value chains meet innovation systems: are there learning opportunities for developing countries?, World Development 39(7), 1261–1269.
[57] Rigo D., (2020), Global value chains and technology transfer: new evidence from developing countries, Review of World Economics, 1–24.
[58] Romer P. M., (1993), Idea gaps and object gaps in economic development, Journal of Monetary Economics 32, 543–573.
[59] Romer P. M., (1990), Endogenous technological change, Journal of Political Economy 98, 71–102.
[60] Schmitz H., (2007), Transitions and trajectories in the build-up of innovation capabilities: Insights from the global value chain approach, Asian Journal of Technology Innovation 15(2), 151–160.
[61] Szczygielski K., Grabowski W., Pamukcu M. T., Tandogan V. S., (2017), Does government support for private innovation matter? Firm-level evidence from two catching-up countries, Research Policy 46(1), 219–237.
[62] Tavares A. T., (2002), Multinational subsidiary evolution and public policy: two tales from the European periphery, Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade 2(3), 195–213.
[63] Varsakelis N. C., (2006), Education, political institutions and innovative activity: A cross-country empirical investigation, Research Policy 35, 1083–1090.
[64] Taglioni D., Winkler D., (2016), Making Global Value Chains Work for Development. Trade and Development, World Bank, Washington.
[65] World Bank, (1999), World Development Report, Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York.
[66] WTO, (2019), Global Value Chain Development Report 2019: Technological Innovation, Supply Chain Trade, and Workers in a Globalized World.
[67] Yokota K., Tomohara A., (2010), Modeling FDI-Induced Technology Spillovers, International Trade Journal 24(1), 5–34.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Cieślik
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jan Jakub Michałek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Krzysztof Szczygielski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jacek Lewkowicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jerzy Mycielski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Warsaw, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Nowadays, the world is turning into technology, fast internet and high signal quality. To ensure high signal quality, the network planners have to predict the pathloss and signal strength of the transmitted signal at specific distances in the design stage. The aim of this research is to provide a generalized pathloss model to suit the urban area in Muscat Governorate in the Sultanate of Oman. The research covers 5G network pathloss in the Muttrah Business District (MBD) area. It includes Close In (CI) model and Alpha Beta Gamma (ABG) model with 3.45GHz. The results of 5G models were compared with real experimental data in MBD by calculating Root Mean Square Error RMSE. Other cells at MBD area were used for reverification. To validate the modified pathloss models of 5G, they were applied at different cells in Alkhoud area. Furthermore, this paper also deals the effect of Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) on the human brain for ensuring safety due to close proximity to cell towers. The SAR values were calculated indirectly from the electric field strength of different antennas. Calculated results were compared with the international standards defined limits on the human brain.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Nawal Al-Aamri
1
Zia Nadir
1
Mohammed Bait-Suwailam
1
Hassan Al-Lawati
1

  1. ECE Dept. at College of Engineering at SQU, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) such as pacemakers or car-dioverter defibrillators prevent dangerous heart arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities. Post-inter-vention education is crucial in the patient recovery process and aims to avoid both dangerous behavior and unnecessary restraints in daily living.
Objective: The evaluation of knowledge of daily activities’ safety among patients with CIEDs and an analysis of the relationship between the state of knowledge and perceived post-intervention quality of life.
Materials and Methods: The study group included 100 patients (57% men) with CIEDs, recruited in the University Hospital in Kraków. Data on the patients’ knowledge about permissible daily activities, medical procedures and perceived quality of life was collected using a dedicated questionnaire, which comprised 57 simple and multiple-choice questions.
Results: The analyzed group included patients aged 28 to 97 years (mean age 73). Among them, 26% either have not received or have not read the information booklet. Two-thirds of them either need more information about their device (51%) or do not possess essential knowledge (15%). Patients raised con-cerns about performing daily activities such as: car-driving (38%), using seat belts (14%), bathing (15%), returning to work (51%) or climbing stairs (16%). They reported anxiety when using computers (39%), mobile phones (51%), microwaves (73%) and even electric toothbrushes (51%). It has been observed that patients with a greater general understanding of the pacemaker and post-implantation restraints had a higher quality of life on average.
Conclusions: Patients with CIEDs restrain themselves excessively in daily living. There is a strong need to provide them with knowledge of their medical condition, concomitant capabilities, and limitations to undergo a fully successful rehabilitation. Comprehensive and easily comprehensible recommendations may play a key role in improving patients’ quality of life.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Szymon Góral
1
Marta Teliżyn
1
Marek Rajzer
2
Agnieszka Olszanecka
2

  1. Students’ Scientific Group at the 1st Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
  2. 1st Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

This page uses 'cookies'. Learn more