Search results

Filters

  • Journals
  • Authors
  • Keywords
  • Date
  • Type

Search results

Number of results: 2
items per page: 25 50 75
Sort by:
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In this paper, the macroscopic and microscopic deformation caused by sodium penetration in the carbon cathode has been studied during aluminum electrolysis. The distributions of sodium concentration in the carbon cathode has been measured by SEM-EDS. The microstructure change caused by the gradient of the sodium concentration in the carbon cathode has been studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that sodium penetration decreases with the increase of the penetration depth. The stresses caused by the gradient of the sodium concentration result in a remarkable change for the microstructure of the carbon cathode. The formation of dislocations resulting in dislocation arrays and the development of kink band networks bring about material damage growth and possibly subsequent weakening of the cathode. These results can provide useful information that is helpful in developing an improved comprehending of the microscopic deformation mechanism of the carbon cathode during aluminum electrolysis.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Haitao Liu
1 2 3
ORCID: ORCID
Yunhong Huang
4
ORCID: ORCID
Wei Wang
1 2 3
ORCID: ORCID
Ziyang Zhang
1 2 3
ORCID: ORCID
Hengyao Dang
5
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Henan University of Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Luoyang 471023, China
  2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Nonferrous Metals Henan Province, Luoyang 471023, China
  3. Henan Key Laboratory of Non-ferrous Materials Science & Processing Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
  4. Henan University of Science and Technology, Engineering Training Center, Luoyang 471023, China
  5. Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Luoyang 471023, China
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The sodium expansion and creep strain of semi-graphitic cathodes are investigated using a modified Rapoport apparatus. To further understanding of the sodium and bath penetration damage processes, the impact of external stress fluence on the carbon cathode microstructure has been defined with XRD analysis, Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Graphite atoms fracture into smaller fragments that are less directional than the pristine platelets, which allows for a possible filling of the cracks that thus develop by the sodium and bath during aluminum electrolysis. The average microcrystalline size (calculated by Raman spectroscopy) is reduced by the deformation. The decreased intensity and widened ā€˜Gā€™ and ā€˜Dā€™ peaks in the analysis indicate the poor order of the sheets along the stacking direction while the consistent layered graphite structure is sustained.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Wei Wang
ORCID: ORCID
Weijie Chen

This page uses 'cookies'. Learn more