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Abstract

Previously, the reasons behind spatial chaos were seen primarily as stemming from the use of planning permits in introducing new development, whereas spatial development plans were generally proposed as a remedy. After over a decade of the functioning of new plans, it turned out that they introduce new threats and often do not implement desired spatial structuring mechanisms. Methods of obtaining long-term positive spatial effects were proposed, especially in areas undergoing urbanisation, where negative phenomena display greater intensity.
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Bibliography


Andrzejewski, P. i in. (2018), Polska Polityka Architektoniczna. Polityka jakości krajobrazu, przestrzeni publicznej, architektury, Warszawa: Narodowe Centrum Kultury.
Arnheim, R. (2004), Sztuka i percepcja wzrokowa, psychologia twórczego oka, Łódź: Officyna s.c.
Arnheim, R. (2011), Myślenie wzrokowe, Gdańsk: Wyd. słowo/obraz terytoria.
Gage, J. (2010), Kolor i znaczenie, Kraków: Universitas.
Hełdak, M. ‘Rozwój przestrzenny zabudowy w strefie dużych miast’, Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Administratio Locorum, 2010 9/1, ss. 37–46.
Koncepcja Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania Kraju 2030, załącznik do uchwały nr 239 Rady Ministrów z dnia 13 grudnia 2011 r., Monitor Polski, poz. 252.
Kowalewski, A. (2014), ‘Skutki i źródła chaosu urbanizacyjnego’ [w:] O ekonomicznych stratach i społecznych kosztach niekontrolowanej urbanizacji w Polsce, Warszawa: Kongres Budownictwa Fundacja Rozwoju Demokracji Lokalnej.
Kowalewski, A., Markowski, T., Śleszyński, p. (2018), Studia nad chaosem przestrzennym, raport Komitetu Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania Kraju PAN, T. I–III, seria Studia KPZK PAN, T. CLXXXII.
Kowalewski, A., Markowski, T., Śleszyński, P., (2020), Kryzys polskiej przestrzeni, źródła, skutki i kierunki działań naprawczych, Warszawa: KPZK PAN.
Kowalewski, A. i in. (2014), ‘O ekonomicznych stratach i społecznych kosztach niekontrolowanej urbanizacji w Polsce, załączniki’, Opinie i ekspertyzy na konferencję, Kongres Budownictwa Fundacja Rozwoju Demokracji Lokalnej.
Lorens, P., Porządek architektoniczny i urbanistyczny jako element przestrzennego zagospodarowania kraju, Ekspertyza sporządzona na zamówienie Rządowego Centrum Studiów Strategicznych w ramach prac nad aktualizacją koncepcji przestrzennego zagospodarowania kraju, Studia Regionalne i Lokalne, Nr 3 (21)/2005.
Petelenz, M. (2017), ‘Kolor dachów — szansa czy utopia integracji przestrzennej’ [w:] Węcławowicz-Bilska E. (red.) Nowe idee w planowaniu rozwoju terytorialnego, T. 6, Wybrane instrumenty planowania przestrzennego, regionalnego i projektowania urbanistycznego: zagadnienia szczegółowe, praca zbiorowa, Kraków: Wyd. PK, ss. 163–185.
Petelenz, M. (2019), Wizualne aspekty równoważonego rozwoju miasta w strefie obrzeżnej — Wybrane zagadnienia, Kraków: Wyd. PK.
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Żórawski, J. (1973), O budowie formy architektonicznej, Warszawa: Arkady.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marcin Petelenz
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Spatial Planning, Urban and Rural Design
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Abstract

The integration of chaos theory and history has been an issue ofmany scientific discussions, but failed to produce any results. Author reexamines the discussions, mathematical features of the theory and claims that proposed ways of integration couldn't have been used practically. Author asks if such integration is possible and i fit can have any intrinsic value for advancement of historical knowledge. Proposed solution is to use chaos theory as a tool, which enables historians to analyze causal relations in the past.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Gablankowski
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Abstract

Axiological chaos and unsustainable man’s acting in a contemporary world has led him to a total confusion. He constantly acts toward environmental and cultural degradation. Also in social dimension a permanent and “general” crisis dominates. The crisis is rooted on multi-category stratification and based on post-truth models of interpersonal communication in traditional and virtual realities. Neoliberal model of economical conquest, in turn, effects unsustainability in economic sphere. Thus, in common reception – for the most people in the world – such situation has become unbearable. So, it is the educators’ duty to look for – with the intention to put into practise – such concepts and pedagogies, which could prepare the whole global society to real – not declaratory false – co-creation of its life in the world, understood as an actual and common home. Taking such perspective, the theory of Argentinian philosopher – Ernesto Laclau becomes an interesting proposition. The time of mono-dimensional – protestant and neoliberal – interpretation of values comes to the end. Now the time has come to accept the equality of different – having their roots in various cultures – value understanding. Possibility of local and particular interpretation of values – along with maintaining the rule of common good – gives the chance to update the education according to real, thus multidimensional humanistic ideal. Such a standpoint presents a way to cure/reform intercultural education, which nowadays is at an impasse. Mainly it uses stiff schemes and repeated patterns, so it has become imitative and conservative. In its contemporary formula intercultural education is not able to respond to present challenges of multicultural and global society. The need to implant into its structure the concept of sustainable development emerges as a must.

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Authors and Affiliations

Aneta Rogalska-Marasińska
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Abstract

Social and Economic Costs of Spatial Chaos – Settlement of Rural Areas. Among the features of spatial structures of villages and characteristics of rural areas, which support multidirectional socio-economic development and improvement of living conditions of inhabitants and users of the countryside, the focused and compact character of the development is of particular importance. The observed lack of determination in preventing and limiting suburbanization processes, including in rural areas, directly and negatively affects both the natural environment and forms of development of these areas, causing the generation of additional economic and social costs related to the chaotic management of space. The aim of the article is to estimate the degree of concentration of buildings in various types of communes in Poland and to determine the spatial distribution of this phenomenon to be able to estimate the size of chaos costs on a global basis and determine its level in the comparative system of municipalities.
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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Gibas
Krystian Heffner
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Abstract

A new 4-D dynamical system exhibiting chaos is introduced in this work. The proposed nonlinear plant with chaos has an unstable rest point and a line of rest points. Thus, the new nonlinear plant exhibits hidden attractors. A detailed dynamic analysis of the new nonlinear plant using bifurcation diagrams is described. Synchronization result of the new nonlinear plant with itself is achieved using Integral Sliding Mode Control (ISMC). Finally, a circuit model using MultiSim of the new 4-D nonlinear plant with chaos is carried out for practical use.

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Authors and Affiliations

Sundarapandian Vaidyanathan
Aceng Sambas
Sen Zhang
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Abstract

This study investigates Thomas’ cyclically symmetric attractor dynamics with mathematical and electronic simulations using a proportional fractional derivative to comprehend the dynamics of a given chaotic system. The three-dimensional chaotic flow was examined in detail with Riemann-Liouville derivative for different values of the fractional index to highlight the sensitivity of chaotic systems with initial conditions. Thus, the dynamics of the fractional index system were investigated with Eigenvalues, Kaplan–Yorke dimension, Lyapunov exponent, and NIST testing, and their corresponding trajectories were visualized with phase portraits, 2D density plot, and Poincaré maps. After obtaining the results, we found that the integer index dynamics are more complex than the fractional index dynamics. Furthermore, the chaotic system circuit is simulated with operational amplifiers for different fractional indices to generate analog signals of the symmetric attractor, making it an important aspect of engineering. The qualitative application of our nonlinear chaotic system is then applied to encrypt different data types such as voice, image, and video, to ensure that the developed nonlinear chaotic system can widely applied in the field of cyber security.
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Authors and Affiliations

NajeebAlam Khan
1
Muhammad Ali Qureshi
2
Saeed Akbar
1
Asmat Ara
3

  1. Department of Mathematics, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
  2. Department of Physics, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
  3. College of Humanities and Sciences, PAF-KIET, Karachi 75190, Pakistan
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Abstract

This work addresses the problem of adaptive observer design for nonlinear systems satisfying incremental quadratic constraints. The output of the system includes nonlinear terms, which puts an additional strain on the design and feasibility of the observer, which is guaranteed under the satisfaction of an LMI, and a set of algebraic constraints. A particular case where the output nonlinearity matches the unknown parameter coefficient is also discussed. The result is illustrated through a numerical example for the chaos synchronization of the Rössler system.
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Authors and Affiliations

Lazaros Moysis
1
Meenakshi Tripathi
2
Mahendra Kumar Gupta
2
Muhammad Marwan
3
Christos Volos
1

  1. Laboratory of Nonlinear Systems – Circuits & Complexity, Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
  2. Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jamshedpur, India
  3. Department of Mathematics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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Abstract

Shifting living conditions, environmental change, and population migrations are all necessitating changes in how we manage the space in which we live. Does our living have a future?
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Authors and Affiliations

Przemysław Śleszyński
1
Adam Kowalewski
2

  1. Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw
  2. Foundation in Support of Local Democracy, in Warsaw
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Abstract

A heterogeneous Bertrand duopoly game with bounded rational and adaptive players manufacturing differentiated products is subject of investigation. The main goal is to demonstrate that participation of one bounded rational player in the game suffices to destabilize the duopoly. The game is modelled with a system of two difference equations. Evolution of prices over time is obtained by iteration of a two dimensional nonlinear map. Equilibria are found and local stability properties thereof are analyzed. Complex behavior of the system is examined by means of numerical simulations. Region of stability of the Nash equilibrium is demonstrated in the plane of the speeds of adjustment. Period doubling route to chaos is presented on the bifurcation diagrams and on the largest Lyapunov characteristic exponent graph. Lyapunov time is calculated. Chaotic attractors are depicted and their fractal dimensions are computed. Sensitive dependence on initial conditions is evidenced.

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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Dubiel-Teleszyński
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Abstract

Zmieniające się warunki życia, przekształcenia środowiska i migracje ludności wymuszają zmiany w gospodarce przestrzennej. Czy nasza przestrzeń ma przyszłość?
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Authors and Affiliations

Przemysław Śleszyński
1
Adam Kowalewski
2

  1. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania PAN w Warszawie
  2. Fundacja Rozwoju Demokracji Lokalnej im. Jerzego Regulskiego w Warszawie
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Abstract

A method of suppressing chaotic oscillations in a tubular reactor with mass recycle is discussed. The method involves intervention in the temperature of the input flow by the recirculation flow and the temperature set from the exterior. The most advantageous solution was proved to be heat coupling elimination and maintenance of the reactor input temperature on the set level. Moreover, the reactor modelwas identified on the basis of a chaotic solution, as it provides the biggest entropy of information.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Berezowski
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Abstract

In this paper, we propose a new method of measuring the target velocity by estimating the scaling parameter of a chaos-generating system. First, we derive the relation between the target velocity and the scaling parameter of the chaos-generating system. Then a new method for scaling parameter estimation of the chaotic system is proposed by exploiting the chaotic synchronization property. Finally, numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed method in target velocity measurement.

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Authors and Affiliations

Lidong Liu
Jifeng Hu
Zishu He
Chunlin Han
Huiyong Li
Jun Li
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Abstract

Vehicle parameters have a significant impact on handling, stability, and rollover propensity. This study demonstrates two methods that estimate the inertia values of a ground vehicle in real-time.

Through the use of the Generalized Polynomial Chaos (gPC) technique for propagating the uncertainties, the uncertain vehicle model outputs a probability density function for each of the variables. These probability density functions (PDFs) can be used to estimate the values of the parameters through several statistical methods. The method used here is the Maximum A-Posteriori (MAP) estimate. The MAP estimate maximizes the distribution of P(β|z) where β is the vector of the PDFs of the parameters and z is the measurable sensor comparison.

An alternative method is the application of an adaptive filtering method. The Kalman Filter is an example of an adaptive filter. This method, when blended with the gPC theory is capable at each time step of updating the PDFs of the parameter distributions. These PDF’s have their median values shifted by the filter to approximate the actual values.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jeremy Kolansky
Corina Sandu
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Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new chaotic oscillator. Although different chaotic systems have been formulated by earlier researchers, only a few chaotic systems exhibit chaotic behaviour. In this work, a new chaotic system with chaotic attractor is introduced. It is worth noting that this striking phenomenon rarely occurs in respect of chaotic systems. The system proposed in this paper has been realized with numerical simulation. The results emanating from the numerical simulation indicate the feasibility of the proposed chaotic system. More over, chaos control, stability, diffusion and synchronization of such a system have been dealt with.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Suresh Rasappan
1
K.A. Niranjan Kumar
1

  1. Department of Mathematics, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai-62, India
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Abstract

In this work, we present results for a new dissipative jerk chaotic system with three quadratic terms in its dynamics.We describe the bifurcation analysis for the new jerk system and also show that the proposed system exhibits multi-stability. Next, we describe a backstepping control-based synchronization design for a pair of new jerk chaotic systems. MATLAB simulations are put forth to exhibit the various findings in this work. Furthermore, we exhibit a circuit simulation for the new jerk system using MultiSim.
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Authors and Affiliations

Sundarapandian Vaidyanathan
1
Khaled Benkouider
2
Aceng Sambas
3

  1. School of Electrical and Computing, Vel Tech University, 400 Feet Outer Ring Road, Avadi, Chennai-600092, Tamil Nadu, India
  2. Non Destructive Testing Laboratory, Automatic Department, Jijel University, BP 98, 18000, Jijel, Algeria
  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Tasikmalaya, Tasikmalaya 46196, West Java, Indonesia
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Abstract

The paper proposes an adaptation of mathematical models derived from the theory of deterministic chaos to short-term power forecasts of wind turbines. The operation of wind power plants and the generated power depend mainly on the wind speed at a given location. It is a stochastic process dependent on many factors and very difficult to predict. Classical forecasting models are often unable to find the existing relationships between the factors influencing wind power output. Therefore, we decided to refer to fractal geometry. Two models based on self-similar processes (M-CO) and (M-COP) and the (M-HUR) model were built. The accuracy of these models was compared with other short-term forecasting models. The modified model of power curve adjusted to local conditions (M-PC) and Canonical Distribution of the Vector of Random Variables Model (CDVRM). Examples of applications confirm the valuable properties of the proposed approaches.

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Authors and Affiliations

T. Popławski
P. Szeląg
R. Bartnik

Abstract

Professor Piotr Pierański, an outstanding Polish physicists, excellent researcher and brilliant lecturer, passed away on the 23rd February 2018. The article quotes some recollections of his numerous friends and coworkers wordwide.

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Abstract

Transport and Space in Socio-Economic Life. This paper deals with key issues arising when transport is confronted with chaotic socio-economic environments. Nowadays especially urbanised areas are facing some crucial issues concerning urban planning under conditions of spatial chaos. Transport, having an important role in connecting the space of social and economic life, is a mean to reduce spatial chaos but is also subjected to the impacts chaotic socio-economic forces have. Within this research the interrelation between transport and disordered environment in which transport has to operate is addressed in regard to: transport infrastructure investment planning, traffic congestion management, transport accessibility, accidents and transport safety and impact of transport on the environment. It is the expected role of transport system to reduce chaos, especially in urban areas. But to what degree transport is actually fulfilling this task? In fact in many places badly organized transport might add to the problem instead of solving it. The effect the chaotic spatial organisation has on transport accessibility influences daily economic and social activity of people. Specifically there are numerous cost drivers activated by chaotic transport development resulting mainly in higher costs of moving people and goods, negative impact on value of time in transport processes, direct costs involved like more intensive fuel and material consumption or heightened depreciation of vehicles. Transport could be also perceived as a source of many significant external effects for society and environment, which entails valid environmental costs. The list of transport external effects is relatively long. This is due to the fact that transport is also one of the most important sectors of the modern industrialized economy and modern society. Poorly planned transport system adds to the already chaotic socio-economic setup. This is especially visible in cities where different layers of chaos can interfere and create dangerous synergies. Due to the lack of adequate space management, and this is the case in the discussed spatial chaos, environmental and social externalities are growing, which leads to higher social costs, which every citizen pays for in the final bill. On the other hand well planned transport system should help to curb chaotic socio-economic environment. Thus the key problem analysed in this paper is whether and how transport system could be an ordering force planned and enforced in effective way in order to reduce chaos created by other activities or rather an additional negative effect within the whole spectrum of chaos drivers.
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Authors and Affiliations

Przemysław Borkowski
Jan Burnewicz
Aleksandra Koźlak
Barbara Pawłowska
Agnieszka Ważna
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Abstract

Socio-Economic Effects of the Spatial Chaos for the Settlement Systems and Functional Land Use Structure. The aim of the study is an attempt to estimate, on the basis of literature and own analyzes, how costs are related to spatial chaos, i.e. mainly dispersion of settlement. Mainly residential (housing) settlement was addressed, which contributes the most to the defective structure of the entire settlement. In particular, the analysis uses several concentration indicators and graphical methods, including the so-called minimal spanning tree (MST). Analyzes have shown that costs can amount to several dozen billion zlotys a year, resulting due to the lack of utilities, unsatisfactory condition of public infrastructure, morphological and functional chaos, excessive location of buildings in agricultural areas, oversupply of investment land with low location potential and as a result of low economic efficiency and effectiveness of settlement.
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Authors and Affiliations

Przemysław Śleszyński
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Abstract

Costs of Spatial Disorder for the Real Estate Market. The article discusses the problem of costs which the spatial disorder in Poland causes in the real estate market. It also draws attention to the likely future consequences of the current lack of spatial order for the domestic real estate market. The impact of spatial chaos on the functioning of this market was considered in terms of economic, social and environmental costs. In the empirical part of the paper, analyzing land turnover in the Poznań agglomeration, the characteristics of the undeveloped real estate market in metropolitan areas in Poland were presented. At the same time, the negative effects of land trading in the situation of a flawed spatial planning system were emphasized. In addition, particular attention was paid to the common practice in Poland of excluding only part of the investment plots from agricultural use. At the same time, the urgent need to create the mechanisms of the actual protection of agricultural land within the agglomeration is emphasized.
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Authors and Affiliations

Barbara Maćkiewicz
Arkadiusz Andrzejewski
Ewa Kacprzak
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Abstract

In the recent years, chaotic systems with uncountable equilibrium points such as chaotic systems with line equilibrium and curve equilibrium have been studied well in the literature. This reports a new 3-D chaotic system with an axe-shaped curve of equilibrium points. Dynamics of the chaotic system with the axe-shaped equilibrium has been studied by using phase plots, bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponents and Lyapunov dimension. Furthermore, an electronic circuit implementation of the new chaotic system with axe-shaped equilibrium has been designed to check its feasibility. As a control application, we report results for the synchronization of the new system possessing an axe-shaped curve of equilibrium points.

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Authors and Affiliations

Sundarapandian Vaidyanathan
Aceng Sambas
Mustafa Mamat
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Abstract

The chaotic phenomena of coronary artery systems are hazardous to health and may induce illness development. From the perspective of engineering, the potential harm can be eliminated by synchronizing chaotic coronary artery systems with a normal one. This paper investigates the chaos synchronization problem in light of the methodology of sliding mode control (SMC). Firstly, the nonlinear dynamics of coronary artery systems are presented. Since the coronary artery systems suffer from uncertainties, the technique of derivative-integral terminal SMC is employed to achieve the chaos synchronization task. The stability of such a control system is proven in the sense of Lyapunov. To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method, some simulation results are illustrated in comparison with a benchmark.

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Authors and Affiliations

D.W. Qian
Y.F. Xi
S.W. Tong

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