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Number of results: 14
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Abstract

The paper presents the history of Czech higher education, which has a very rich tradition. Authors have taken up a number of issues in the context of crucial importance of higher education and its role in building of the intellectual capacity of the country (which has been strongly experienced by history).
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Authors and Affiliations

Miroslav Somr
Lenka Hrušková
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Abstract

This paper presents the impact of salinisation on the aquatic mollusc fauna in flooded mine subsidences in the Karvina region (Czech Republic). The results of the previous research on salinity in flooded mine subsidences show that some of them contain a high content of dissolved inorganic substances (above 1000 mg·l-1). These substances can affect the vegetation and animals occurring in the water and the surrounding area. The phylum of Mollusca was selected as a model group for the fieldwork as it includes species with the proven bioindication potential.

The occurrence of aquatic mollusc species was studied at 10 sites. The sites were selected based on the content of dissolved substances (the salinity gradient from <500 to >1000 mg·l-1. A total of 12 aquatic mollusc species were found, including one species identified as a potential bioindicator of the negative effect of salinisation on aquatic biota.

The analysis showed statistically significant positive correlations between the content of dissolved inorganic substances and the presence of alien species Potamopyrgus antipodarum (J.E. Gray, 1843). The gradient of salinity significantly affects the species composition of the mollusc fauna in flooded mine subsidences and may affect the biodiversity of this group.

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Authors and Affiliations

Kamila Kašovská
Łukasz Pierzchała
Edyta Sierka
Barbara Stalmachová
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Abstract

Coal reserves in the Czech Republic are estimated to be 10 billion tons – hard coal about 37%, brown coal about 60% and lignite 3%. Hard coal is produced in Northern Moravia. In 2017 the production of hard coal was 5.5 million tons. Brown coal is mined in North-Western Bohemia − the production of brown coal in 2017 was 38.1 million tons. Significant quantities of hard coal are exported to: Slovakia, Austria, Germany and Hungary. In accordance with the National Energy Policy, coal will remain the main source of energy in the country in the future, despite the increased use of nuclear energy and natural gas. The government expects that in 2030 energy from coal will account for 30.5% of energy produced. There are five coal companies in the Czech Republic: OKD, a.s., the only hard coal producer and four brown coal mining companies: Severočeské Doly a.s., owned by ČEZ, the largest producer of brown coal, Vršanská uhelná a.s., with coal resources until 2055, Severní energetická a.s. with the largest brown coal reserves in the Czech Republic and Sokolovska uhelná a.s., the smallest mining company extracting lignite. OKD operates coal in two mines Kopalnia Důlní závod 1 – (consists of three mines: ČSA Mine, Lazy Mine, Darkov Mine) and Mine Důlní závod 2 (ttwo mines Sever, Jih). The article also presents a pro-ecological solution for the management of waste heaps after coal enrichment – a plant for the enrichment of coal waste from the Hermanice heap.

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Authors and Affiliations

Vladimír Čablík
Miluše Hlavatá
Iva Janáková
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Abstract

During the three decades since 1989 Gazeta Wyborcza published a considerable number of articles, reviews, reports, essays (feuilletons) and news items about various aspects of Czech cultural life, especially contemporary literature (i.e. individual authors as well as issues and sites with literary connections). While a steady focus was kept on the work of the most popular, award-winning writers like Václav Hrabal, Milan Kundera, Ota Pavel, Jaroslav Hašek, Karel Čapek and Josef Škvorecký, Gazeta Wyborcza also promoted the fiction of Michal Viewegh, Irena Obermannová and Jáchym Topol.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Rogoż
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Instytut Nauk o Informacji, Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. KEN, ul. Podchorążych 2, PL 30-084 Kraków
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Abstract

Ethnic return migration is a widespread strategy for migrants from economically disadvantaged coun-tries. This article is about those ethnic return migrants who might successfully migrate thanks to their ancestors; their decision is based upon economic, pragmatic or rationalistic incentives aside from their diasporic feeling of belonging. Although this phenomenon has already been studied, scholars still mostly refer only to the benefits proposed by immigration policy as a key to understanding it. The impact of policy in the country of emigration on ethnic return migration is understudied. This article fills this gap. I found that when the Soviet Union introduced an attractive policy for Ukrainians/Russians in terms of study or work opportunities and the inhabitants in the Ukrainian Soviet Republic were quick to proclaim themselves as Ukrainians or Russians, the dissolution of the Soviet Union quickly changed this motiva-tion. Ukrainians with Czech ancestors started to aim at obtaining official status as Czech members of the diaspora because of the benefits proposed by the Czech government (mainly permanent residency). However, it is difficult to prove the required link to one’s Czech ancestors due to Soviet-era documents in which the column with the Czech nationality of people’s ancestors is often missing. These observa-tions lead to the conclusion that an attractive immigration policy aimed at the diaspora should not be treated as the only comprehensive explanation for ethnic return migration. Ethnic policy in the country of emigration also shapes this kind of migration and – in this concrete case – could even discourage ethnic return migrants.

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Authors and Affiliations

Luděk Jirka
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Abstract

The ground source of drinking water for the village of Skalice nad Svitavou is located 35 km North of Brno (Czech Republic). An evaluation of developments in selected indicators of water quality in this groundwater source in the period 2013–2017 was the essence of this work. The data was provided by Vodárenská akciová společnost, a.s., i.e. the operator. At the same time, annual monitoring of water quality in the Úmoří stream, which flows through the catchment area and can affect the quality of groundwater, was carried out. Water samples were collected in 2017–2018 from 6 profiles on the Úmoří stream and its two tributaries. Raw water from the groundwater source does not meet the requirements for drinking water in some indicators and needs to be treated. Monitoring of surface water shows that the most problematic indicator is total phosphorus, the concentration of which exceeded limit values on all sampling profiles. The highest values were found in the tributaries, where total phosphorus concentrations exceeded 10 mg∙dm–3. There are 12 municipalities in the area of interest, only two of which have their own sewage treatment plant. It is clear from the results that wastewater in some municipalities is discharged directly into the recipient and is the cause of above-limit concentrations of both phosphorus and nitrogen. Intensively used agricultural land is another major source of pollution. Based on an analysis of sources of pollution, corrective measures have been proposed to improve the quality of surface and groundwater in the area.

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Authors and Affiliations

Petra Oppeltová
Jana Boráková
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Abstract

The article examines the language biographies of two generations of a family of German origin in the Czech Republic from the end of World War II to the present day. The content analysis of the biographies is based on the application of the narrative interview method developed in qualitative sociology. The analysis of the data obtained by this method follows the stages in the language use of the two informants in coping with the challenge of the language policies of the state.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ingrid Hudabiunigg
Robert Marchl
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Abstract

The article presents a new etymology of the Old Czech noun obudoň, listed in Klaret's Latin‑Czech dictionary "Glosář", in which he translates the Latin name of the plant mixalia ʽCordia myxaʼ. The etymology presented by us understands obudoň as a deverbative from the verb obuditi, a continuant of the Proto‑Slavonic verb * ob‑vǫditi (sę), in Czech with the ‑v‑ displaced. The Proto‑Slavonic verb * vǫditi is a causative from * vędnǫti ʽto wither, to dry’; the Old Czech obudoň could thus get its name in connection with the fact that in Europe the sebesten fruits were known only as dried.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ilona Janyšková
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Czech Language Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Department of Etymology, Brno, Czech Republic
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Abstract

The article presents a reflection on the loss of historical and cultural heritage caused by the pursuit of energy efficiency reduction of buildings. The paper will present the post-war construction development in the Ostrava region, especially the completion of the railway network with the implementation of new railway stations. It is these stations, whose architecture refers to the success of the Czechoslovak Expo 58 pavilion in Brussels, that have faced increased interest in the last few years from conservators seeking to preserve these cultural assets for future generations. The author illustrates this with the example of the inappropriate reconstruction of the railway station in Havířov. The scientific method used is mainly the communication of the author’s own activist experience in saving the railway station from demolition and his own observations during the recent reconstruction of this object. The response to the activities of the Důl architektury association was very topical at the time and led to the production of a documentary by Czech Television titled Requiem for the Station (Hollander, 2015) from the series My Private War.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adam Guzdek
1

  1. Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Architecture
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Abstract

Academic authors employ various language means in order to construct and disseminate knowledge, to sound persuasive, to undergird their arguments, but also to seek agreement within the academic community. The aim of this paper is to analyse a selected group of rhetorical strategies used by Anglophone and Czech authors of Linguistics research articles (RAs) and research theses (RTs). These strategies are assumed to vary in both academic genres since the position of their writers within the academic community differs. Even though authors of RAs have to meet reviewers’ requirements in order for their article to be published, so their relative position may be lower than that of the reviewers’, authors of RAs may have the same “absolute status” as the reviewers may be just as expert in that particular field. By contrast, the status of research students is lower than that of their evaluators both in relative and absolute terms. Even though students may gain some learned authority in presenting an original contribution, their assessors command both learned and institutional authority, hence are endowed with a higher status. Apart from comparing rhetorical strategies used in RAs and RTs, the paper focuses on cross-cultural differences between Anglophone and Czechacademic writing traditions.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jana Kozubíková Šandová
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Abstract

This article discusses the anti-Czech plebiscite propa-ganda in the press of Cieszyn Silesia (Těšínské Slezsko), focusing on the successive issues of the Republika, a local Polish-language weekly, published between January and May 1920. The analysis shows that Republika's radical language and multiple articles aimed at discrediting Czechoslovakia and the Czech nation turned it into a potent instruments of pro-Polish agitation on the eve of the plebiscite (which was eventually cancelled).
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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Landmann
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Logistyki i Transportu Międzynarodowa Wyższa Szkoła Logistyki i Transportu we Wrocławiu ul. Sołtysowicka 19B PL 51-168 Wrocław
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Abstract

Following G. Bellmann, the article divides the German loanwords in Czech and Slovak roughly into two groups, namely those lexical units that represent a basic code extension (= type A) and those that are used immediately after adoption as (approximately) synonymous lexical duplicates of already existing designations (= type B). While type A words have the best chances of lasting integration, type B words elicit a competitive situation between old and new designations, which can result in substitution, negative integration or semantic diversification. Furthermore, the paper deals with idiosyncrasies of German loanword integration such as the expressiveness of German loanwords in Czech and Slovak and the emotional attitude towards German loanwords in those languages. The article also discusses the causality of displacement and substitution of German loanwords, subsequently elaborates on the loss of terms and realities, the change in domain-specific language use, the role of language awareness and language culture, the loss of immediate contact areas as well as the question of prestige, and concludes with an outlook on future developments.

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Authors and Affiliations

Stefan Michael Newerkla
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Abstract

Obituary of Ewa Siatkowska, an eminent linguist, specialist and expert in Czech and Sorbian, as well as West Slavic studies, initiator of the scientific journal “Zeszyty Łużyckie” and its editor‑in‑chief for many years. The text shows a wide range of her research fields and exceptional research passion.
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Bibliography

Źródła internetowe [Internet sources]

Prace prof. Ewy Siatkowskiej w Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.pl/scholar?hl=pl&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Ewa+Siatkowska&oq=Ewa, (dostęp 15.08.2021).
Publikacje z lat 1952–2001: http://slawistyka.uw.edu.pl/wp‑content/uploads/sites/283/2018/02/E.SIATKOWSKA_1952‑2001.pdf, (dostęp 15.08.2021).
Publikacje z lat 2001–2011: http://slawistyka.uw.edu.pl/wp‑content/uploads/sites/283/2018/02/E.SIATKOWSKA_2001‑11.pdf, (dostęp 15.08.2021).
Sylwetka prof. Ewy Siatkowskiej na stronie Instytutu Slawistyki Zachodniej i Południowej Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego: http://slawistyka.uw.edu.pl/pl/instytut/jednostki‑i-pracownicy/zaklad‑literatur‑i‑kultur‑slowianskich/ewa‑siatkowska (dostęp 15.08.2021).

Literatura [Rferences]

Doliński I., Wrocławska E., Kłos Z., (red.), 2010, Przenikanie się języków i kultur w przeszłości i we współczesności, Warszawa. – (Zeszyty Łużyckie ; 44: tom poświęcony Pani Profesor Ewie Siatkowskiej z okazji osiemdziesiątych urodzin).
Goszczyńska J., Greń Z., 2010, Res slavisticae. Księga dedykowana Profesor Ewie Siatkowskiej, Warszawa. Molas J., 2005, Z historii slawistyki na Uniwersytecie Warszawskim, Warszawa.
Przyłubska‑Siatkowska E., 2008, Z Iwanowic na Sorbonę, przy współudziale B. Madeyskiej‑Kokczyńskiej, B. Fabiani, M. Fabianiego, Warszawa.
Siatkowska E., 1992, Rodzina języków zachodniosłowiańskich, Warszawa.
Siatkowska E., 2002, Czeszczyzna widziana z boku, Warszawa.
Siatkowska E., 2015, Słowa. Monografie leksykalne, Warszawa.
Siatkowska E.M., 2004, Szkice z dziejów literackich języków słowiańskich, Warszawa.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zbigniew Greń
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warszawa

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