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Reservoirs have a very important function in providing multi-sector water requirements. In the future, reservoirs not only serve to store and available water can also be used as disaster mitigation instruments. The completeness of hydrological measurements in reservoirs can be expanded more widely for climate change mitigation. The reliability of the reservoir capacity varies greatly depending on the El-Nino character that occurs among them El-Nino is weak, moderate, strong and very strong. The El-Nino characteristic is very influential on the period of water availability, the increase of evaporation capacity and decrease of reservoir capacity. Analysis of the reliability of the reservoir volume due to El-Nino using the Weibull equation. The deficit reservoir was calculated using the concept of water balance in the reservoir that is the relationship between inflow, outflow, and change of storage at the same time. Based on the results of the analysis showed that the evaporation increase and the decrease of reservoir capacity had a different pattern that is when the evaporation capacity started to increase at the same time the reservoir capacity decreased significantly. The correlation coefficient between evaporation capacity increase and decrease of reservoir water capacity are consecutively –0.828, –0.636, and –0.777 for El- Nino weak, moderate and very strong respectively. At the reservoir capacity reliability of 50% reservoir has a significant deficit. When weak El-Nino the deficit is 2.30∙106 m3, moderate: 6.58∙106 m3, and very strong 8.85∙106 m3.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ussy Andawayanti

I Wayan Yasa

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Mohammad Bisri

Mochamad Sholichin

Sulianto

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The analysis of the El Niño phenomenon in the East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia

Mahawan Karuniasa Priyaji Agung Pambudi

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2022 | No 52 | 180-185 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2022.140388

Keywords climate communities drought El Niño freshwater rainfall

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Abstract

Climate change causes various events, such as El Niño , and we experience their larger frequency. This study based on a quantitative approach uses observation data from the Umbu Mehang Kunda Meteorological Station and the Ocean Niño Index ( ONI). As a result, East Sumba, which has an arid climate, has more challenges in dealing with drought and water deficits during El Niño. This study identifies rainfall when the El Niño phenomenon takes place in East Sumba through data contributing to the ONI value and dry day series from 1982 to 2019. The analysis was carried out by reviewing these data descriptively and supported by previous literature studies. The research found that there was a decrease in the accumulative total rainfall in El Niño years. The annual rainfall in the last six El Niño events is lower than the annual rainfall in the first six El Niño events. The dry day series is dominated by an extreme drought (>60 days) which generally occurs from July to October. This drought clearly has a major impact on livelihoods and causes difficulties in agriculture as well as access to freshwater. This results in crop failure, food shortages, and decreased income. The phenomenon triggers price inflation in the market and potential increase in poverty, hunger, and pushes the country further away from the first and second Sustainable Development Goals. This phenomenon and problems related to it need to be dealt with by multistakeholders.

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Authors and Affiliations

Mahawan Karuniasa

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ORCID:

Priyaji Agung Pambudi

University of Indonesia, School of Environmental Science, Salemba Raya Street No. 4, Central Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia

Assessment of annual high-discharge patterns in Kapuas River using information and complexity measures

Gillang N.N. Gusti Henny Herawati Kiyosi Kawanisi Mohamad B. Al Sawaf Mochammad M. Danial

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2023 | No 57 | 62-68 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2023.145336

Keywords El Niño-Southern Oscillation flood pattern information and complexity measures Kapuas River tropical monsoon

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Abstract

A recent study revealed that the amount of rainfall on the Kapuas River has increased over the last 30 years. The increase in rainfall increases the possibility of high discharge events, which might lead to destructive flooding of the Kapuas River and its tributaries. Hence, the ability to characterise the pattern of high discharge events is compulsory for the development and management of the Kapuas River watershed. The main objective of this study was to assess and characterise flood patterns in the Kapuas River watershed. To achieve this objective, we utilised information and complexity measures that consisted of mean information gain ( MIG), effective measure complexity ( EMC) and fluctuation complexity ( FC) in daily water level records from 2002 to 2011 from a gauging station in Sanggau, West Kalimantan Province. The results revealed that flood events in the Kapuas River were mainly generated by the Indo-Australian monsoon, which occurred from December to March. The anomaly in 2010, when intense flood events were observed during the dry season, can be identified as the effect of a strong negative El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Additionally, the analysis of the information and complexity measures indicates that: (i) EMC, which reflects the length of flood events, tends to increase along with greater discharge, and (ii) MIG and FC, which denote the degree of randomness and fluctuation of flood events, respectively, tended to have higher values when the number of months without high discharge was less.

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Authors and Affiliations

Gillang N.N. Gusti

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Henny Herawati

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Kiyosi Kawanisi

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Mohamad B. Al Sawaf

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ORCID:

Mochammad M. Danial

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Hiroshima University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, 739-8527, Hiroshima, Japan
Tanjungpura University, Department of Civil Engineering, Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia
Kitami Institute of Technology, Department of Engineering, Kitami, Hokkaido, Japan
Tanjungpura University, Department of Ocean Engineering, Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia

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Hydrological drought index based on reservoir capacity – Case study of Batujai dam in Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

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El-Nino effect on reservoir capacity reliability: Case study of Sumi dam, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia

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The analysis of the El Niño phenomenon in the East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia

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Authors and Affiliations

Assessment of annual high-discharge patterns in Kapuas River using information and complexity measures

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations