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Abstract

The Lower Devonian ‘Placoderm Sandstone’ in the Holy Cross Mountains (HCM) is filled with abundant impressions

of disarticulated vertebrate remains. The only acanthodian macroremains named to date are fin spines

of Machaeracanthus polonicus Gürich. Fin spine impressions in slabs from the Winna Formation (Emsian) at

Podłazie Hill (near Daleszyce) in the southern HCM, and also the Barcza Formation (?Lochkovian) at Barcza

Quarry, Miedziana Góra Conglomerate (?Lochkovian), Gruchawka, and Zagórze Formation (middle–upper

Emsian) at Bukowa Mountain in the northern HCM, reposited in the University of Warsaw, Polish Geological

Institute-National Research Institute, Warsaw, and Natural History Museum, London collections, have been cast

and studied in order to better document this poorly known taxon. As noted in other Machaeracanthus species,

we have found that M. polonicus has two different morphotypes of spines, which abut lengthwise to form a pair

of spines. Our investigations show that the fin spine assemblage includes Onchus overathensis as well as M.

polonicus, and probably another undetermined acanthodian. The affinities of O. overathensis are reassessed.

It is here considered to be a diplacanthiform, and reassigned to the genus Striacanthus, as S. overathensis.

Acanthodian scapulocoracoids have also been identified, as well as tightly spiralled toothwhorls which could

be from an acanthodian.

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Authors and Affiliations

Carole J. Burrow
Szrek Piotr

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