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Number of results: 108
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Abstract

The bonding state of the asphalt layers in a road pavement structure significantly affects its fatigue life. These bondings, therefore, require detailed tests and optimization. In this paper, the analyses of the correlation between the results of laboratory static tests and the results of fatigue tests of asphalt mixture interlayer bondings were performed. The existence of the relationships between selected parameters was confirmed. In the future, the results of these analyses may allow for assessment of interlayer bondings' fatigue life based on the results of quick and relatively easy static tests.

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Authors and Affiliations

A. Szydło
K. Malicki
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Abstract

The usefulness of elastic compliance measurements to estimate crack closure in structural steel and the validity of the assumption of a constant compliance value for the fully open crack is examined. Based on considering different issues related to the experimental technique and compliance data processing, local compliance measurements and the compliance offset method recommended by the ASTM standard are selected to be most suitable for structural steel. The compliance data generated in fatigue tests on I 8G2A steel conducted under a variety of loading conditions enabled to choose an optimal strain gauge positioning and appropriate offset criterion values for the original compliance offset method and its modified (normalized) version. The adequacy of the closure measurements is assessed through checking the ability of the resulting effective stress intensity factors to account for the observed effects of the loading conditions on fatigue crack growth rates.
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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Skorupa
Andrzej Skorupa
Tomasz Machniewicz
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Abstract

Effects of specimen thickness and stress ratio on fatigue crack growth and crack closure levels under constant amplitude loading and after a single overload have been studied experimentally for a structural steel ( I 8G2A). The corresponding crack growth data from the fatigue tests have been presented and evaluated. The experimental trends have been compared to those reported in the literature for various steels. The ability of the effective stress intensity factor range based on crack closure measurements to correlate the observed crack growth response has been investigated.
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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Skorupa
Andrzej Skorupa
Jaap Schijve
Tomasz Machniewicz
Paweł Korbut
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Abstract

This study was carried out on the background of Sutong Bridge project based on fracture mechanics, aiming at analyzing the growth mechanism of fatigue cracks of a bridge under the load of vehicles. Stress intensity factor (SIF) can be calculated by various methods. Three steel plates with different kinds of cracks were taken as the samples in this study. With the combination of finite element analysis software ABAQUS and the J integral method, SIF values of the samples were calculated. After that, the extended finite element method in the simulation of fatigue crack growth was introduced, and the simulation of crack growth paths under different external loads was analyzed. At last, we took a partial model from the Sutong Bridge and supposed its two dangerous parts already had fine cracks; then simulative vehicle load was added onto the U-rib to predict crack growth paths using the extended finite element method.

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Authors and Affiliations

H. Zhu
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Abstract

The paper analyses the influence of seasonal temperature variations on fatigue strength of flexible and semi-rigid pavement structures chosen for KR4 traffic flow category. The durability of pavement determined assuming a yearly equivalent temperature of 10˚C and assuming season-dependent equivalent temperatures was compared. Durability of pavement was determined with the use of Asphalt Institute Method and French Method. Finite Element Method was applied in order to obtain the strain and stress states by the means of ANSYS Mechanical software. Obtained results indicate a considerable drop in pavement durability if seasonal temperature variations are considered (up to 64% for flexible pavements and up to 80% for semi-rigid pavements). Durability obtained by the French Method presents lower dependence on the analysed aspect.

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Authors and Affiliations

B. Haponiuk
A. Zbiciak
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Abstract

Thermo-chemical treatments are known to increase the fatigue life of industrial parts. Due to the imprecise consideration of residual stresses in predicting the durability of components subjected to cyclic loading and their effect on the fatigue life, the authors developed a numerical model combining the influence of residual stresses with stresses caused by bending. The authors performed the numerical simulation with the use of Finite Element Method to analyse material behaviour during cyclic loading. The residual stress state developed during nitriding was introduced onto cross-section of the numerical specimen. The goal of this work was better understanding of the real conditions of the nitride steel fatigue processes and improving the knowledge about numerical predicting of the fatigue life for parts with residual stresses. The results of simulation were compared with plane bending fatigue tests. The presented method indicates the possibility of increasing the accuracy of the fatigue analysis of elements after surface treatment, increasing its certainty and the ability to perform better optimization of service life.
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Authors and Affiliations

J. Sawicki
P. Siedlaczek
A. Staszczyk
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Abstract

The paper presents the results of comparative tests of the fatigue properties conducted on two non-ferrous alloys designated as Al 6082 and

Al 7075 which, due to the satisfactory functional characteristics, are widely used as engineering materials. The fatigue tests were carried

out using a proprietary, modified low cycle test (MLCF). Particular attention was paid to the fatigue strength exponent b and fatigue

ductility exponent c. Based on the tests carried out, the results comprised within the range defined by the literature were obtained. These

results prove a satisfactory sensitivity of the method applied, its efficiency, the possibility of conducting tests in a fully economical way

and above all the reliability of the obtained results of the measurements. Thus, the thesis has been justified that the modified low cycle

fatigue test (MLCF) can be recommended as a tool used in the development of alloy characteristics within the range of low-cycle variable

loads

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Maj
K. Pietrzak
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Abstract

In this study, the mechanical tests were carried out on ductile iron of EN-GJS-600-3 grade and on grey cast iron of EN-GJL-250 grade. The fatigue life was evaluated in a modified low-cycle fatigue test (MLCF), which enables the determination of parameters resulting from the Manson-Coffin-Morrow relationship. The qualitative and quantitative metallographic studies conducted by light microscopy on selected samples of ductile iron with spheroidal graphite and grey cast iron with lamellar graphite (showing only small variations in mechanical properties,) confirmed also small variations in the geometrical parameters of graphite related with its content and morphological features.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Maj
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Abstract

The experimental material consisted of semi-finished products of high-grade, medium-carbon constructional steel with: manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum and boron. The experimental material consisted of steel products obtained in three metallurgical processes: electric and desulfurized (E), electric and desulfurized with argon-refined (EA) and oxygen converter with vacuum degassed of steel (KP). The production process involved two melting technologies: in a 140-ton basic arc furnace with desulphurisation and argon refining variants, and in a 100-ton oxygen converter. Billet samples were collected to analyze: relative volume of impurities, microstructure and fatigue tests. The samples were quenched and austenitized at a temperature of 880o C for 30 minutes. They were then cooled in water and tempered by holding the sections at a temperature of 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600o C for 120 minutes and air-cooled. Fatigue tests were performed with the use of a rotary bending machine at a frequency of 6000 cpm. The results were statistical processed and presented in graphic form. This paper discusses the results of microstructural analyses, the distribution of the relative volume of impurities in different size ranges, the fatigue strength characteristics of different production processes, the average number of sampledamaging cycles and the average values of the fatigue strength coefficient for various heat processing options.

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Authors and Affiliations

T. Lipiński
A. Wach
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Abstract

The article presents an analysis of the change in air voids in asphalt mixtures subjected to fatigue tests at three temperatures of 0°C, 10°C and 25°C. The X-ray computerized tomography imaging method, XCT, was used to identify the air voids in the samples. The research allowed to determine changes in the content of air voids in subsequent fatigue cycles in the sample area. The relationship between air voids volume and the stiffness modulus value was also determined during fatigue for three temperatures. The largest changes were found in samples with notches at 0°C. The analysis of the change in the content of air voids showed that the micro-cracking nucleation processes develop with the number of fatigue cycles. Using the numerical model finite element method we determined the distribution and change in fatigue damage in the extreme areas of the sample during various stages of fatigue. We found clear relationship between the damage and the increased content of air voids.

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Authors and Affiliations

P. Mackiewicz
A. Szydło
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Abstract

In the paper, on the basis of the performed tests, low-cycle fatigue characteristics (LCF) of selected light metal alloys used among others in the automotive and aviation industries were developed. The material for the research consisted of hot-worked rods made of magnesium alloy EN-MAMgAl3Zn1, two-phase titanium alloy Ti6Al4V and aluminium alloy AlCu4MgSi(A). Alloys used in components of means of transport should have satisfactory fatigue, including low-cycle fatigue, characteristics. Low-cycle fatigue tests were performed on an MTS-810 machine at room temperature. Low-cycle fatigue tests were performed for three total strain ranges Δεt = 0.8%, 1.0% and 1.2% with a cycle asymmetry coefficient R = –1. On the basis of the obtained results, characteristics of the fatigue life of materials, cyclic deformation σa = f(N) and cyclic deformation of the tested alloys were developed. The tests showed that titanium alloy Ti6Al4V was characterised by the highest fatigue life Nf, whereas the lowest fatigue life was found in the tests of the aluminium alloy AlCu4MgSi(A).

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Authors and Affiliations

G. Junak
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Abstract

The small artificial surface defects in the coarse-grain steel are studied. The size of the used defects is smaller than the most relevant microstructural unit of steel, i.e. the average grain size. The samples of coarse-grain steel are prepared using a welding thermal-cycle simulator and a laboratory furnace. The defects are made by indenting with a Vickers pyramid. One of the final results of the defect making is the existence of local residual stresses. The influence of residual stresses on the crack initiation from those artificial defects is discussed in the article.

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Authors and Affiliations

Vladimir Gliha
Volodymyr Hutsaylyuk
Lucjan Śnieżek
Tomaz Vuherer
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Abstract

The effect of hydrogen on short-term strength, low-cycle durability and planestress fracture toughness of 10Cr15Ni27 steel, 04Cr16Ni56 and 05Cr19Ni55 alloys at pressure up to 35 MPa and temperature 293. . . 773 K was investigated. The modes of hydrogen action for which the elongation δ, reduction of area ψ, low-cycle durability N and crack resistance parameters Kc of alloys are minimal were established: hydrogen pressure above 10 MPa (non-hydrogenated specimens of 04Cr16Ni56 alloy) and above 15 MPa (hydrogenated specimens of 10Cr15Ni27 steel and 05Cr19Ni55 alloy, hydrogen concentration 15 and 19 wppm, respectively).

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Authors and Affiliations

Alexander Balitskii
Ljubomyr Ivaskevich
Volodymyr Mochulskyi
Jacek Eliasz
Oleg Skolozdra
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Abstract

The paper presents the results of research on low cycle properties of high-chromium martensitic GX12CrMoVNbN9-l (GP91) cast steel. The tests of fatigue strength were carried out at two temperatures: room temperature and at 600 degrees centigrade. At both temperatures the occurrence of cyclic softening of the cast steel was observed, revealing no clear stabilization period. Moreover, it has been proved that the fatigue life is influenced by the temperature which depends on the level of strain. The greatest influence was observed for the smallest strain levels applied in the research.

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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Golanski
Stanisław Mroziński
Krzysztof Werner
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Abstract

The paper deals with the safety criteria of design for an infinite fatigue life of machinery parts. Uniaxial and multiaxial zero mean stress states are considered. In the latter case, constant-amplitude in-phase stress components, as well as random-amplitude synchronous stress components, are taken into account. Dimensionless and relative safety margins for these stress states are defined. The presented criteria refer to ductile materials showing true fatigue limits. Transformation rules in the plane are given for fatigue limits referenced to coordinate system different than the components of the plane stress.
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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Kolenda
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Abstract

The paper presents comparative analysis of the results of low- cycle fatigue experiments on specimens made of 45 steel under uniaxial loading and bending. The analysis involves, among other things, the cyclic properties and the fatigue life of the specimens in a wide range of loading conditions. The experimental techniques used during bending enabled us to estimate the influence of strain distribution on fatigue life. The materials data obtained under the loading conditions mentioned above were employed to estimate the fatigue life of the structural elements. The results of experiments and calculations are presented in the form of fatigue curves. They also show the influence of axial loading and bending on the accuracy of the calculations.
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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisław Mroziński
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Abstract

The development of a novel design for the toothed segment of drive transmission in longwall shearer is expected to significantly reduce

the cost of individual components of the feed system and the related work of repair and renovations, increasing at the same time the safety

of mine repair teams.

The conducted experimental and numerical analysis of the state of stress and strain in the innovative design of the toothed segment has

enabled estimating the maximum effort of the developed structure. Based on the results of fundamental mechanical studies of the cast

L20HGSNM steel and fatigue tests combined with the numerical stress/strain analysis, the fatigue life curve was plotted for the examined

casting of the rack.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Maj
S. Pysz
R. Żuczek
J. Piekło
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Abstract

The paper is devoted to development of the evaluation methods tor limiting condition of metal alloys and steels under uniaxial and biaxial proportional and non-proportional low-cycle fatigue. To investigate the fatigue behavior of Type 08X 18H I OT stainless steels and titanium alloys BT9 strain controlled tests under 12 proportional and nonproportional loading ar room temperature were carried out. A strain parameter. namely, a nonproportional strain range. is proposed to obtain a correlative dependence with lifetime. For the majority or the materials this dependence can be derived from uniaxial tests and described by a linear function. It made it possible to propose simple engineering method for lifetime prediction.
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Authors and Affiliations

Sergey Shukayev
Mykhaylo Borodii
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Abstract

The paper there presents the analysis of low-cycle fatigue test results of 30 HGSA alloy steel obtained with the use of two methods. In the standard method, fatigue tests were performed with the use of many specimens, and in the simplified method, the results were defined in an incremental step test using one specimen. Test results were analysed taking into account the influence of loading form on the course of a stabilization process with defined material data. The analysis of the stabilization process in diversified conditions of loading was performed by comparison of the stress amplitude CTa and strain amplitude Eap for the same levels of total strain amplitude Eac• Basing on the tests, one could state that both methods of defining the cyclic properties lead to qualitatively and quantitatively convergent results. The results exhibit qualitative similarity as far as the character of courses of changes determined in different periods of life of n' and K' parameters of the cyclic strain chart is concerned, and quantitative similarity of the values of determined parameters.
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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisław Mroziński
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Abstract

In the present paper, the excavation of the energetic approach that estimates the fatigue crack initiation life of metal is conducted for H62 brass. The benefit of the energetic approach is the division of the actual applied strain range Δε into two parts, that is, a damage strain range Δεd that induces fatigue damage within the metal, and an undamaged strain range Δεc, which does not produce fatigue damage of the metal and corresponds to theoretical strain fatigue limit. The brightness of this approach is that the undamaged strain range Δεc can be estimated by the fundamental conventional parameters of metal in tensile test. The result indicated that the fatigue crack initiation life of H62 brass can be estimated by this approach successfully.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Zheng
1
ORCID: ORCID
S. Zhang
1
ORCID: ORCID
X.J. Peng
1
ORCID: ORCID
Y. Wang
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Northwest University, School of Chemical Engineering, Xi’an 710069, P. R. China
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Abstract

The aim of the study is to compare flexible pavement design lifespans and the main factors which create their values for a standard structure and one with an anti-fatigue course AF at different parameter values of pavement and its load, relevant to their design processes. Depending on the mixture used for the anti-fatigue course or the course thickness, durability improvement of the pavement (compared to the durability of a standard structure) can be obtained by extending the design lifespan of the asphalt base course or by extending the design lifespan of the AF course. On sections with predominantly slow traffic, the lifespan decreases significantly compared to sections with typical vehicle speed – the relative decrease is greater if anti-fatigue course is applied.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Nagórska
R. Nagórski
K. Błażejowski
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Abstract

The paper presents experimental results of creep and low cycle fatigue (LCF) tests carried out on the as-received cast aluminium alloys with different chemical composition and porosity. The test programmes contain creep investigations under step-increased stresses at different temperatures, and cyclic plasticity under different strain amplitudes and temperatures.

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Authors and Affiliations

Lech Dietrich
Agnieszka Rutecka
Zbigniew Kowalewski
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Abstract

The authors present a numerical study of a start-up of a boiler with a thick-walled element subjected to thermomechanical loading. The significance of calculations of real heat transfer coefficients has been demonstrated. Fluid dynamics, mechanical transient thermal and static structural calculations have been conducted in both separate and coupled modes. Strain-stress analyses prove that the effect of the heat transfer coefficient changing in time and place in comparison with a constant one as recommended by standards is the key factor of fatigue calculations.

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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Wacławiak
Jerzy Okrajni

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