Energy conservation is an important step to overcome the energy crisis and prevent environmental pollution. Casting industry is a major consumer of energy among all the industries. The distribution of electrical energy consumed in all the departments of the foundry is presented. Nearly 70% of the energy is consumed especially in the melting department alone. Production of casting involves number of process variables. Even though lot of efforts has been taken to prevent defects, it occurs in the casting due to variables present in the process. This paper focuses the energy saving by improving the casting yield and by reducing the rejections. Furthermore an analysis is made on power consumption for melting in the induction furnace to produce defective castings and improvement in the casting yield. The energy consumed to produce defective castings in all other departments is also presented. This analysis reveals that without any further investment in the foundry, it is possible to save 3248.15 kWh of energy by reducing the rejections as well as by improving the casting yield. The redesign of the feeding system and the reduced major rejection shrinkage in the body casting improved the casting yield from 56% to 72% and also the effective yield from 12.89% to 66.80%.

Studies were carried out in the region of southern. Drake Passage and Bransfield Strait in February and March 1981. The relation occurring between the alimentary tract filling (ATF) and the quantity of chlorophyll α integrated within the range of 0-150 m water-layer may be described by Ivlev's equation expressing the amount of the food ration in relation to food concentration. The ATF value increases in large individuals and is proportional to their body weight. The daily rythm of krill feeding, expressed by ATF, depends on the quantities of food in the environment.

The aim of this study was to determine to what extent the ions present in hard water (125 mg/L of MgCl2 and 500 mg/L of CaCl2) may intensify the feed-induced decrease in oxytetracycline (OTC) absorption rate in broiler chickens after single oral administration at a dose of 15 mg/kg. Drug concentrations in plasma were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and combined, compartmental and non-compartmental approach was used to assess OTC pharmacokinetics.

The administration of feed decreased the absolute bioavailability (F) of OTC from 12.70%±4.01 to 6.40%±1.08, and this effect was more pronounced after the combined administration of OTC with feed and hard water (5.31%±0.90). A decrease in the area under the concentration- time curve (AUC0-t), (from 10.18±3.24 μg·h/ml in control to 5.13 μg·h/ml±1.26 for feed and 4.26 μg·h/ml±1.10 for feed and hard water) and the maximum plasma concentration of OTC (Cmax) (from 1.22±0.18 μg/ml in control, to 1.01 μg/ml ±0.10 for hard water, 0.68 μg/ml±0.10 for feed and 0.61 μg/ml±0.10 for feed and hard water) was observed. The results of this study indicate that feed strongly decreases F, AUC0-t and Cmax of orally administered OTC. The ions present in hard water increase this inhibitory effect, which suggests that, therapy with OTC may require taking into account local water quality and dose modification, particularly when dealing with outbreaks caused by less sensitive microorganisms.

In this paper, a conventional mushroom-type EBG unit cell is made compact by etching a C-slot at its conducting surface. Further, the C-slotted mushroom-type EBG unit cell is coupled with a microstrip line using a novel groove-coupling technique to design a notch filter. The arrangement has achieved in the reduction of the electrical size of the mushroom type EBG unit cell by 46:15% and create a stop band suppression of -12 dB. The proposed EBG is applied to notch a narrow band centered at 5:2 GHz along with an ultra-wideband antenna. The far field gain of the antenna is suppressed by -5:8 dBi along the direction of its major lobe at 5:2 GHz. The overall size of the antenna system is 19x27x1:6mm3 which is compact. The performance of the antenna is validated from the simulation and measured results.

ll was proved that the activity of basic proteinases (pH 8.3) and acid proteinases (pH 4.0) of the Antarctic krill increases exponentially in spring-summer season (September-December); the activity of the first ones is 6 times higher and increases more rapidly. The positive relation between the proteolytic activity and the degree of gut filling of krill was also evidenced. The lack of high activity of acid proteinases in early spring does not support the suggestions of Ikeda and Dixon (1982) that during Antarctic winter krill takes energy from the autoproteolysis of own body proteins.

Observations indicate a constantly decreasing mean age of shoal. In consecutive years of investigations a loss of older individuals was recorded. At present the catches consist of 3—14 years old fishes; 9—10 years old dominate. During the austral summer the fish most probably do not migrate. The shoal of the shelf maintains approximately constant frequency and dominance in classes of length.

The coal fed to gravity enrichment consists of coals coming from different deposits and exploitation fronts. These coals differ in quality parameters, especially the amount of gangue (stone) changing over time. This results in the instability of work, especially jiggers, which have a relatively low accuracy assessed by probable scattering or imperfection rates. This deteriorates the quality of the concentrate obtained, the quality parameters of which change over time. The improvement of jiggers work would be possible by averaging the feed. This process is practically impossible due to the failure to design such a node during plant construction, which are, in most cases, directly related to the shaft. In the article, the authors propose to solve the process of averaging the feed before directing it to the enrichment process in jiggers by introducing its deshaling in vibratory- air separators of the FGX type.

The paper presents a simulation analysis of four control systems of the raw coal feed to a jig: stabilization of the volumetric flow of the feed, stabilization of the feed tonnage, stabilization of the feed flow with the additional measurement of the feed bulk density or the additional measurement of ash content in the feed. Analysis has been performed for the first and second compartments of a jig. The aim of the feed control was to stabilize the mass of the bed in the zone where the material stratifies; the mass may change due to changes in the washability characteristics of the feed. Such control should result in stable conditions in which material loosens during subsequent media pulsation cycles; stabilizing conditions minimizes the dispersion of coal particles in the bed. The best results have been achieved for the system of feed control where the ash content was measured in the first compartment, and for feed tonnage control in the second compartment.

An HPLC-DAD method was developed for the determination of formaldehyde in animal feed and silage. The method is based on the determination of the product of chemical reaction between formaldehyde and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. A 3 g of feed or silage were extracted with Milli-Q water with phosphoric acid and next formaldehyde was derivative with the use 2,4-dinitrophenyl- hydrazine in acetronitrile solution. The extract was purified with 0.45 µm syringe filters and separeted on Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18 column and detection was carried out at 360 nm. Formal- dehyde was eluted with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/water in isocratic elution. This method provided average recoveries of 90.6% to 102.2%, with CVs of 2.6% to 6.4% for feed and from 91.3% to 108.7% with CVs of 1.1% to 4.1% for silage in the ranged of 50 to 1000 mg/kg feeds and silage. The LOD and LOQ for formaldehyde in feed and silage ranged from 1.6 to 2.6 and 2.7 to 5.7 mg/kg, respectively. The methodology was applied for the analysis of feed and silage samples collected from poultry, pigs and cows farms.

The study was conducted on 26 male, 30 days-old goats, separated from their mothers, divided into two equal groups: I - control and II - experimental, consisting of 13 animals each. All animals were fed with milk replacer, experimental group received additionally 50 g/kg body weight, additive of HMB, for 60 days. The following features were analyzed: body weight, daily increases of body weight, as well as hematological and biochemical blood features. Differences in body weight were found, between experimental and control group, after 60 days of experiment 0.57 kg (p≤0.01). The daily weight gain of experimental animals was higher in comparison with control group. Significant differences were also noted in results of hematological and biochemical blood parameters. Experimental animals showed a higher level of red blood cells as well as number of lymphocytes in comparison with the control group, (p≤0.01).Significant changes were also observed in the level of triglycerides, inorganic phosphorus and protein between both groups. The acid-base balance parameters and ionogram, showed a higher pH level (p≤0.05) HCO – act., HCO – std., BE, ctCO , O sat, K+, Cl– (p≤0.01), while the anion gap (AG) and Na+ were significantly lower in control group (p≤0.01).

We discus legal status of plants obtained using NBT: whether they are to be treated as GMOs or not. The conclusion may have a negative impact on the development of research on them and their practical use. The problem of the application of provisions on GMOs in relation to the products of some of the NBT has been the subject of the decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in Case C-528/16 – this topic is analyzed in details.

A class of Xorshift Random Number Generators (RNGs) are introduced by Marsaglia. We have proposed an algorithm which constructs a primitive Xorshift RNG from a given prim- itive polynomial. We also have shown a weakness present in those RNGs and suggested its solution. A separate algorithm also proposed which returns a full periodic Xorshift generator with desired number of Xorshift operations.

The paper deals with an optimal control problem in a dynamical system described by a linear differential equation with the Caputo fractional derivative. The goal of control is to minimize a Bolza-type cost functional, which consists of two terms: the first one evaluates the state of the system at a fixed terminal time, and the second one is an integral evaluation of the control on the whole time interval. In order to solve this problem, we propose to reduce it to some auxiliary optimal control problem in a dynamical system described by a first-order ordinary differential equation. The reduction is based on the representation formula for solutions to linear fractional differential equations and is performed by some linear transformation, which is called the informational image of a position of the original system and can be treated as a special prediction of a motion of this system at the terminal time. A connection between the original and auxiliary problems is established for both open-loop and feedback (closed-loop) controls. The results obtained in the paper are illustrated by examples.