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Multi-Objective Optimization of Stope Structure Parameters in Broken Rock Conditions Using Grey Relational Analysis

Shunman Chen Aixiang Wu Yiming Wang Xun Chen
Archives of Mining Sciences | 2018 | vol. 63 | No 2 | DOI: 10.24425/122447
Keywords Grey Relational Analysis stope structure parameters in broken rock conditions numerical simulation taguchi experiment design
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Abstract

In order to optimize the stope structure parameters in broken rock conditions, a novel method for the optimization of stope structure parameters is described. The method is based on the field investigation, laboratory tests and numerical simulation. The grey relational analysis (GRA) is applied to the optimization of the stope structure parameters in broken rock conditions with multiple performance characteristics. The influencing factors include stope height, pillar diameter, pillar spacing and pillar array pitch, the performance characteristics include maximum tensile strength, maximum compressive strength and ore recovery rate. The setting of influencing factors is accomplished using the four factors four levels Taguchi experiment design method, and 16 experiments are done by numerical simulation. Analysis of the grey relational grade indicates the first effect value of 0.219 is the pillar array pitch. In addition, the optimal stope structure parameters are as follows: the height of the stope is 3.5 m, the pillar diameter is 3.5 m, the pillar spacing is 3 m and the pillar array pitch is 5 m. In-situ measurement shows that all of the pillars can basically remain stable, ore recovery rate can be ensured to be more than 82%. This study indicates that the GRA method can efficiently applied to the optimization of stope structure parameters.
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Authors and Affiliations

Shunman Chen
Aixiang Wu
Yiming Wang
Xun Chen

Influence of Taguchi-Grey Relational Analysis of Gating System Design on Mechanical Properties of Casting

P.D. Ingle B.E. Narkhede
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2019 | vol. 19 | No 3 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2019.127142
Keywords mechanical properties Gating system design Aluminum alloy casting Taguchi- grey relational analysis
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Abstract

Throughout the casting process, mold filling plays a very significant role in the casting quality control. It is important to study the effect of gating system design on ingate velocity of the metal which affects the mechanical properties of casting. The effect of varying the design of four gating system elements namely pouring cup, sprue height, runner and ingate design on the multiple responses like tensile strength and percentage elongation is studied using a Taguchi’s L9 OA. The Taguchi technique was coupled with a Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) to obtain a Grey Relational Grade (GRG) for evaluating multiple responses. ANOVA has been applied to identify the significance of different parameters and it was found that the pouring cup design and the runner cross-section along its length collectively contributed above 76% of the total GRG value. Finally, the confirmation tests were performed to validate the predicted optimized results and it established an improvement of 9.90% from the initial design.

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Authors and Affiliations

P.D. Ingle
B.E. Narkhede

Dry Sliding Friction and Wear Behaviour of Leaded Tin bronze for Bearing and Bushing Application

D. Dinesh A. Megalingam
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2021 | vol. 66 | No 4 | 1095-1104 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2021.136429
Keywords Wear coefficient of friction Microstructure leaded tin bronze grey relational analysis
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Abstract

Among different bearing materials, copper-based alloys are the most important source for bearing and bushing applications. In this work, the tribological behavior of a leaded tin bronze (Cu-22Pb-4Sn) against an EN31 Steel for various loads (20 N, 70 N, 120 N) and different sliding velocity (1 m/s, 3 m/s, 5 m/s) at 3000 m sliding distance is performed using a pin on disk tribometer. Irrespective of all loads and sliding velocity, a higher specific wear rate is observed at 1 m/s and 120 N that fails to facilitate the formation of lubricating film, whereas a lower specific wear rate is evident when the sliding velocity is increased to 5 m/s. This is attributed to the formation of a stable oxide layer that has been confirmed through the Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis and Scanning electron microscopy. The coefficient of friction is observed in reducing trend from 0.69 to 0.48 for the increasing load (70 N, 120 N) and sliding velocity (3 m/s and 5 m/s) due to stable thin oxide film formation. Also, the increase in frictional force and loading the interacting surface temperature is increased to a maximum of 102°C. The Grey relational analysis indicates that the optimal parameters for the minimum specific wear rate and coefficient of friction is 120 N and 5 m/s that has been confirmed with experimental analysis.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

D. Dinesh
1
ORCID: ORCID
A. Megalingam
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sathyamangalam, Erode-638401, Tamil Nadu, India

Design of a Taguchi-GRA optimized PID and adaptive PID controllers for speed control of DC motor

Mary Ann George Dattaguru V. Kamat
Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2021 | vol. 70 | No 4 | 759-775 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2021.138259
Keywords analysis of variance Lyapunov rule MIT rule model reference adaptive control Taguchi-grey relational analysis
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Abstract

DC motors have wide acceptance in industries due to their high efficiency, low costs, and flexibility. The paper presents the unique design concept of a multi-objective optimized proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller and Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) based controllers for effective speed control of the DC motor system. The study aims to optimize PID parameters for speed control of a DC motor, emphasizing minimizing both settling time (Ts ) and % overshoot (% OS) of the closed-loop response. The PID controller is designed using the Ziegler Nichols (ZN) method primarily subjected to Taguchi-grey relational analysis to handle multiple quality characteristics. Here, the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array is defined to find the process parameters that affect Ts and %OS. The analysis of variance shows that the most significant factor affecting Ts and %OS is the derivative gain term. The result also demonstrates that the proposed Taguchi-GRA optimized controller reduces Ts and %OS drastically compared to the ZN-tuned PID controller. This study also uses MRAC schemes using the MIT rule, Lyapunov rule, and a modified MIT rule. The DC motor speed tracking performance is analyzed by varying the adaptation gain and reference signal amplitude. The results also revealed that the proposed MRAC schemes provide desired closed-loop performance in real-time in the presence of disturbance and varying plant parameters. The study provides additional insights into using a modified MIT rule and the Lyapunov rule in protecting the response from signal amplitude dependence and the assurance of a stable adaptive controller, respectively.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Mary Ann George
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dattaguru V. Kamat
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Udupi District, Karnataka State, India

Multi-Response Optimization of Electrical Discharge Machining of 17-4 PH SS Using Taguchi-Based Grey Relational Analysis

E. Gerçekcioğlu M. Albaşkara
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2023 | vol. 68 | No 3 | 861-868 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2023.145448
Keywords EDM 17-4 PH SS Taguchi-based Grey Relational Analysis ANOVA Surface Characterization
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Abstract

Multiple response optimization of the machining of 17-4 PH stainless steel material, which is difficult to process with traditional methods, with EDM was made by Taguchi-based grey relational analysis method. Surface roughness (Ra), material removal rate (MRR), and electrode wear rate (EWR) were the responses, while current, pulse-on time, pulse-off time, and voltage were chosen as process parameters. According to the multi-response optimization, the experiment level that gave the best result was A1B2C2D2. Optimum machining outputs were found as A1B3C1D1 using the Taguchi method. As a result of the Taguchi analysis and ANOVA, it was determined that the significant parameters according to multiple performance characteristics were current (56.22%) and voltage (22.40%). The surfaces of the best GRG and optimal sample were examined with XRD, SEM and EDX analysis and the effects on the surfaces were compared.
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Authors and Affiliations

E. Gerçekcioğlu
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Albaşkara
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Erciyes University, Mechanical Engineering Department, Kayseri, Turkey
  2. Afyon Kocatepe University, İscehisar Vocational School, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey

Hybrid GRA-PCA and modified weighted TOPSIS coupled with Taguchi for multi-response process parameter optimization in turning AISI 1040 steel

Mst. Nazma Sultana Nikhil Ranjan Dhar
Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2021 | vol. 68 | No 1 | 23-49 | DOI: 10.24425/ame.2020.131707
Keywords grey relational analysis principal component analysis Taguchi method analysis of variance cryogenic cooling
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Abstract

The objective of the present study is to optimize multiple process parameters in turning for achieving minimum chip-tool interface temperature, surface roughness and specific cutting energy by using numerical models. The proposed optimization models are offline conventional methods, namely hybrid Taguchi-GRA-PCA and Taguchi integrated modified weighted TOPSIS. For evaluating the effects of input process parameters both models use ANOVA as a supplementary tool. Moreover, simple linear regression analysis has been performed for establishing mathematical relationship between input factors and responses. A total of eighteen experiments have been conducted in dry and cryogenic cooling conditions based on Taguchi L18 orthogonal array. The optimization results achieved by hybrid Taguchi-GRA-PCA and modified weighted TOPSIS manifest that turning at a cutting speed of 144 m/min and a feed rate of 0.16 mm/rev in cryogenic cooling condition optimizes the multi-responses concurrently. The prediction accuracy of the modified weighted TOPSIS method is found better than hybrid Taguchi-GRA-PCA using regression analysis.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mst. Nazma Sultana
1
Nikhil Ranjan Dhar
1
  1. Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

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