Search results

Filters

  • Journals
  • Authors
  • Keywords
  • Date
  • Type

Search results

Number of results: 32
items per page: 25 50 75
Sort by:
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Ash dieback, caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, is a serious disease of common and

narrow-leaved ash in Europe. The resistance of individual trees seems to be important for

the maintenance of ash in European forests. In this in situ wound inoculation study, the

susceptibility and differences in resistance to H. fraxineus between Fraxinus excelsior and

F. angustifolia clones were assessed. Neither of the tested clones revealed total resistance

to ash dieback; variety between the tested clones was observed. Differences in necroses

lengths were significant between clones and between two ash species. Longer necroses were

formed in F. angustifolia than in F. excelsior. Some clones exhibiting some resistance to the

pathogen were identified.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Katarína Adamčíková
Jozef Pažitný
Katarína Pastirčáková
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Refinement is one of the most energy consuming technological process, aimed at obtaining mineral raw materials of the proper grain size.

Cast structural elements such as jaws or hammers in crushing machines operate under conditions of an intensive wear. The data indicate

that 80 % of failures of machines and devices is caused by wearing of rubbing surfaces. This problem became the subject of several

scientific and industrial investigations carried out in the whole world in order to produce materials ultra- wear resistant. Methods allowing

to obtain wear resistant composite castings are discussed in the hereby paper. Within the performed research microstructures of the

produced composite zones were presented and the comparative analysis with regard to mechanical and functional properties of local

composite reinforcements in relation to the commercial alloys of increased wear resistance was performed. The results show almost twenty

five times increase in wear resistance compared to manganese cast steel containing 18 % Mn.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

E. Olejnik
T. Tokarski
B. Grabowska
Ł. Szymański
P. Kurtyka
W. Maziarz
P. Czapla
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

This paper addresses problems arising from in situ measurement of gas content and temperature. Such measurements can be considered indirect. Transmittance or natural radiation of a gas is measured directly. The latter method (spectral radiation measurement) is often called spectral remote sensing. Its primary uses are in astronomy and in the measurement of atmospheric composition. In industrial processes, in situ spectroscopic measurements in the plant are often made with an open path Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. The main difficulty in this approach is related to the calibration process, which often cannot be carried out in the manner used in the laboratory. Spectral information can be obtained from open path spectroscopic measurements using mathematical modeling, and by solving the inverse problem. Determination of gas content based on spectral measurements requires comparison of the measured and modeled spectra. This paper proposes a method for the simultaneous use of multiple lines to determine the gas content. The integrated absorptions of many spectral lines permits calculation of the average band absorption. An inverse model based on neural networks is used to determine gas content based on mid-infrared spectra at variable temperatures.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Sławomir Cięszczyk
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In situ monitoring of the thickness of thin diamond films during technological processes is important because it allows better control of deposition time and deeper understanding of deposition kinetics. One of the widely used techniques is laser reflectance interferometry (LRI) which enables non-contact measurement during CVD deposition. The authors have built a novel LRI system with a 405 nm laser diode which achieves better resolution compared to the systems based on He-Ne lasers, as reported so far. The system was used for in situ monitoring of thin, microcrystalline diamond films deposited on silicon substrate in PA-CVD processes. The thickness of each film was measured by stylus profilometry and spectral reflectance analysis as a reference. The system setup and interferometric signal processing are also presented for evaluating the system parameters, i.e. measurement uncertainty, resolution and the range of measurable film thickness.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Kraszewski
Robert Bogdanowicz
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In the process of coal extraction, a fractured zone is developed in the overburden above the goaf. If

the fractured zone is connected with an aquifer, then water inrush may occur. Hence, research and analysis

of the height of overburden fractured zone (HOFZ) are of considerable significance. This study focuses

on the HOFZ determination in deep coal mining. First, general deformation failure characteristics of

overburden were discussed. Second, a new method, numerical simulation by orthogonal design(NSOD),

have been proposed to determinate the HOFZ in deep coal mining. Third, the validity of NSOD is verified

in the practical application, compared with empiric al formula in Chinese Regulations and in-situ test.

These three methods were applied to determine the HOFZ of working face No. 111303 in No. 5 coal

mine. The pre dicted HOFZ of NSOD is found to be similar to the result of the in-situ test (8.9% relative

error), whereas the HOFZ calculated by the empirical formula has extremely large error (25.7% relative

error). Results show that the NSOD can reliably predict the HOFZ in deep coal mining and reduce time

and expenses required for in-situ test.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Han Yangchun
Cheng Jiulong
Huang Qisong
Zou D.H. Steve
Zhou Jin
Huang Shaohua
Long Yun
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The study presents the results of research on the development of composite zones in castings based on the intermetallic phase of Ni3Al. Composite zones were obtained by placing packets with substrates for the reaction of titanium carbide in a foundry mould. To provide a variable carbides content in the composite zone, two compositions of the packets were prepared. The first packet contained only substrates for the reaction of TiC synthesis; the second one also contained a filler. The resulting composite zones in castings were examined for the filler effect on changes in the volume fraction, size and morphology of carbides in the zone. In addition, the effect of filler on the mechanical properties of the zone was verified, observing changes of Vickers hardness in this area. It was found that the presence of filler in the composition of the packet for synthesis reduced the content of carbides, as well as their size and morphology. Lower surface content of carbides reduced hardness of the zone, which enabled smooth control of the mechanical properties. At the same time, the use of the selected filler did not disturb the course of the TiC carbide synthesis.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

E. Olejnik
T. Tokarski
A. Janas
G. Sikora
J. Nowak
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In order to increase wear resistance cast steel casting the TiC-Fe-Cr type composite zones were fabricated. These zones were obtained by

means of in situ synthesis of substrates of the reaction TiC with a moderator of a chemical composition of white cast iron with nickel of

the Ni-Hard type 4. The synthesis was carried out directly in the mould cavity. The moderator was applied to control the reactive

infiltration occurring during the TiC synthesis. The microstructure of composite zones was investigated by electron scanning microscopy,

using the backscattered electron mode. The structure of composite zones was verified by the X-ray diffraction method. The hardness of

composite zones, cast steel base alloy and the reference samples such as white chromium cast iron with 14 % Cr and 20 % Cr, manganese

cast steel 18 % Mn was measured by Vickers test. The wear resistance of the composite zone and the reference samples examined by ballon-disc

wear test. Dimensionally stable composite zones were obtained containing submicron sizes TiC particles uniformly distributed in

the matrix. The macro and microstructure of the composite zone ensured three times hardness increase in comparison to the cast steel base

alloy and one and a half times increase in comparison to the white chromium cast iron 20 % Cr. Finally ball-on-disc wear rate of the

composite zone was five times lower than chromium white cast iron containing 20 % Cr.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

E. Olejnik
T. Tokarski
B. Grabowska
Ł. Szymański
P. Kurtyka
P. Czapla
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The present contribution reports on the rheological investigations concerning influence of high hydrostatic pressure on the molecular structure of gelatin gels. For the purpose of the study, a torsional shear wave rheometer for in-situ investigations of viscoelastic substances under high pressure was developed. Small amplitude vibrations generated by piezoelectric elements are used to determine the storage modulus of the investigated medium. The system is able to stand pressures up to 300 MPa. The experiments have been carried out with household gelatin (0.1 w/w aqueous solution). The gelification curves revealed similar time course. However, the values of G0 obtained for the gels curing 300 minutes under 100 MPa and 200 MPa were observed to be respectively 2.1 and 4 times higher than at ambient conditions. The increased number of triple helix junction zones is hypothesised to be the cause of this phenomenon as a result of reinforcement of the hydrogen bonds due to pressure. An attempt to cognize the characteristic dimensions of the molecular structure based on the theory of rubber elasticity is made.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

L. Kulisiewicz
A. Baars
A. Delgado
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

We made interspecific crosses to facilitate the introgression of desirable traits of Allium roylei into the Alliumcepa genome. After hand-pollination, 906 interspecific F1Allium cepa × A. roylei plants were obtained by in vitro culture via embryo rescue. Nuclear DNA analysis showed that 97.6% of the regenerants were interspecific F1Allium cepa × A. roylei hybrids. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) showed that each hybrid had 16 chromosomes, eight of which were identified as A. cepa and eight as A. roylei chromosomes.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Alicja Chuda
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Triploid viviparous onions [Allium x cornutum Clementi ex Visiani 1842, syn Allium cepa L. var. viviparum Metzg. (Alef.), auct.] (2n = 3x = 24), are known in some countries only as rare relict crops. In other parts of the world they are still traditionally or even commercially cultivated. In previous cytogenetic studies of the Croatian triploid viviparous onion Ljutika, Giemsa C-banding, chromosome pairing analysis during meiosis, and genomic hybridization in situ indicated a complex hybrid with highly heterozygous karyotype structure, with possible triparental genome organization. This study continues an analysis of the karyotype structure of Ljutika. Staining with fluorochromes CMA3 (Chromomycin A3) and Dapi (4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) confirmed previous results from Giemsa C-banding and revealed GC-rich heterochromatic regions associated mainly with chromosome ends and nucleolus organizing regions (NORs), and only a few interstitial bands. Fish mapping of the ribosomal 18S-5.8S-26S genes revealed two major rDNA signals on the short arms of two subtelocentric satellite chromosomes in almost all metaphase plates of Ljutika. The largest subtelocentric chromosome lacked rDNA signals. A significantly smaller rDNA signal was occasionally located on one small submetacentric chromosome. These results are in agreement with previously published results from identification of NORs by silver-staining technique, which confirmed a maximum three nucleoli in interphase nuclei. We discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying rearrangements and activity of ribosomal genes in the triploid karyotype.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Ivana Lepen
Jasna Puizina
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The paper presents analysis of the vibrational environment on scaffoldings. It is based on the results obtained in the project considering workers safety on scaffoldings. The total number of 120 façade scaffoldings was analysed over a period of two years. One of the issues considered in this project was the vibrations influence on scaffoldings and workers safety. The values of natural frequencies were obtained based on in-situ measurements of free vibrations. Analysis of the tests results made it possible to verify the elaborated numerical models. Values of natural frequencies and displacements in mode shaped from numerical modal analyses were compared with test results. Measurements of forced vibrations were also made with various sources of vibrations active at scaffoldings. The detailed numerical dynamic analysis was performed considering excitation forces variable in time. The obtained results were compared with allowable values according to the appropriate Polish standards. Most influential sources of vibrations for human comfort were indicated in the conclusions.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Jarosław Bęc
ORCID: ORCID
Ewa Błazik-Borowa
ORCID: ORCID
Paulina Jamińska-Gadomska
Tomasz Lipecki
ORCID: ORCID
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The methane hazard is one of the most dangerous phenomena in hard coal mining. In a certain range of concentrations, methane is flammable and explosive. Therefore, in order to maintain the continuity of the production process and the safety of work for the crew, various measures are taken to prevent these concentration levels from being exceeded. A significant role in this process is played by the forecasting of methane concentrations in mine headings. This very problem has been the focus of the present article. Based on discrete measurements of methane concentration in mine headings and ventilation parameters, the distribution of methane concentration levels in these headings was forecasted. This process was performed on the basis of model-based tests using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The methodology adopted was used to develop a structural model of the region under analysis, for which boundary conditions were adopted on the basis of the measurements results in real-world conditions. The analyses conducted helped to specify the distributions of methane concentrations in the region at hand and determine the anticipated future values of these concentrations. The results obtained from model-based tests were compared with the results of the measurements in realworld conditions. The methodology using the CFD and the results of the tests offer extensive possibilities of their application for effective diagnosis and forecasting of the methane hazard in mine headings.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Jarosław Brodny
Magdalena Tutak
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Q235 steel is widely used in engineering and construction. Therefore, it is important to identify the damage mechanism and the acoustic emission (AE) response of the material to ensure the safety of structures. In this study, an AE monitor system and an in situ tensile test with an optical microscope were used to investigate the AE response and insight into the damage process of Q235 steel. The surface of the specimen was polished and etched before the test in order to improve the quality of micrographs. Two kinds of AE responses, namely a burst and a continuous signal, were recorded by the AE monitor system during the test. Based on the in situ test, it was observed that the damage of Q235 steel was induced by the crystal slip and the inclusion fracture. Since the crystal slip was an ongoing process, continuous AE signals were produced, while burst AE signals were possibly produced by the inclusion fracture which occurred suddenly with released higher energy. In addition, a great number of AE signals with high amplitude were observed during the yielding stage and then the number and amplitude decreased.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Ying Zhang
Yue Li
Huan Sheng Lai
Chunmei Bai
Kang Lin Liu
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

There are currently large quantities of heterogeneous contaminated sites and the in-situ thermal conductive heating (TCH) technology have been widely used in soil remediation. Some engineering cases have shown that when soil remediation of heterogeneous sites use TCH technology, the gases carrying contaminants migrate laterally and contaminate clean areas. However, there are relatively few domestic studies on this phenomenon. Some international scholars have confirmed the occurrence of this phenomenon on the laboratory scale, but have not proposed an effective solution to the above scientific question. This study first introduced the heating mechanism and heating process of TCH. Meanwhile, the forms and transformation mechanism of organic contaminants were fully expounded during soil remediation by TCH. In addition, the formation, migration, accumulation, and lateral diffusion of gaseous contaminants were comprehensively reviewed during the in-situ thermal desorption of heterogeneous strata. Finally, arrangement methods of extraction pipes to effectively capture gas are provided for the heterogeneous contaminated soils remediated by TCH. The results of this study will provide theoretical and technical support for in-depth understanding of steam movement in heterogeneous formations and the remediation of heterogeneous contaminated sites by TCH technology.
Go to article

Bibliography

  1. Baker, R. & Heron, G. (2004). In-Situ delivery of heat by thermal conduction and steam injection for improved DNAPL remediation.TerraTherm, Inc., Fitchburg USA2004.
  2. Baker, R., Lachance, J. & Heron, G. (2006). In-pile thermal desorption of PAHs, PCBs and dioxins/furans in soil and sediment. Land Contamination & Reclamation, 14(2), pp. 620–624. DOI:10.2462/09670513.731
  3. Biache, C., Mansuy-Huault, L., Faure, P., Munier-Lamy, C. & Leyval, C. (2008). Effects of thermal desorption on the composition of two coking plant soils:impact onsolvent extractable organic compounds and metal bioavailability. Environmental Pollution, 3, pp. 671–677. DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.06.020
  4. Bonnard, M., Devin, S., Leyval, C., Morel, J.L. & Vasseur, P. (2010). The influence of thermal desorption on genotoxicity of multipolluted soil. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 73, pp. 955–960. DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.02.02
  5. Brooks, M.C., Wise, W.R. & Annable, M.D. (1999). Fundamental changes in in situ air sparging how patterns. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, 19(2), pp. 105–113. DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6592.1999.tb00211.x
  6. Burghardt, J.M. & Kueper, B.H. (2008). Laboratory study evaluating heating of tetrachloroethylene impacted soil. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, 28(4), pp. 95–106. DOI:10.1111/ j.1745-6592.2008.00214.x
  7. Carey, V.P. (2007). Liquid-Vapor Phase-change Phenomena, second ed. Taylor and Francis, New York 2007. Cébron, A., Cortet, J., Criquet, S., Biaz, A., Calvert, V., Caupert, C., Pernin, C. & Leyval, C. (2011). Biological functioning of PAHpolluted and thermal desorption-treated soils assessed by fauna and microbial bioindicators. Research in Microbiology, 162, pp. 896–907. DOI:10.1016/j.resmic.2011.02.011
  8. Chiou, C.T., Porter, P.E. & Schmedding, D.W. (1983). Partition equilibria of nonionic organic compounds between soil organic matter and water. Environmental science & technology, 17, pp. 27–231, DOI:10.1021/es00110a009
  9. Chen, F., Freedman, D.L., Falta, R.W. & Murdochb, L.C. (2012). Henry’slaw constants of chlorinated solvents at elevated temperatures. Chemosphere, 86(2), pp. 156–165. DOI:10.1016/j. chemosphere.2011.10.004
  10. Geistlinger, H., Krauss, G., Lazik, D. & Luckner, L. (2006). Direct gas injection into saturated glass beads: Transition from incoherent to coherent gas flow pattern. Water Resources Research, 42, W07403. DOI:10.1029/2005WR004451
  11. Hegele, P.R. & Mumford, K.G. (2014) Gas production and transport during bench-scale electrical resistance heating of water and trichloroethene. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 165, pp. 24–36, DOI:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2014.07.002
  12. Heron, G., Bierschenk, J., Swift, R., Watson, R. & Kominek, M. (2016). Thermal DNAPL source zone treatment impact on a CVOC plume. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, 36(1), pp. 26–37. DOI:10.1111/gwmr.12148
  13. Heron, G., Carroll, S. & Nielsen, S.G. (2005). Full-scale removal of DNAPL constituents using steam enhanced extraction and electrical resistance heat. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, 25(4), pp. 92–107. DOI:10.1111/j.1745- 6592.2005.00060.x
  14. Heron, G., Lachance, J. & Baker R. (2013). Removal of PCE DNAPL from tight clays using in situ thermal desorption. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, 3(4), pp. 31–43. DOI:10.1111/ gwmr.12028
  15. Heron, G., Parker, K., Galligan, J. & Holmes, T.C. (2009). Thermal treatment of 8 CVOC source areas to near nondetect concentrations. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, 29(3), pp. 56–65. DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6592.2009.01247.
  16. Hicknell, B.N., Mumford, K.G. & Kueper, B.H. (2018). Laboratory study of creosote removal from sand at elevated temperatures. Contam Hydrol, 219, pp. 40–49. DOI:10.1016/j. jconhyd.2018.10.00
  17. Hiester, U., Muller, M., Koschitzky, H. & Trötschler, O. (2013). In situ thermal treatment for source zone remediation of soil and groundwater. British Medical Journal, 31, pp. 482–484.
  18. Janfada, T.S., Class, H., Kasiri, N. & Dehghani, M.R. (2020). Comparative experimental study on heat-up efficiencies during injection of superheated and saturated steam into unsaturated soil. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 158, 119235. DOI:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.119235
  19. Jones, S.F., Evans, G.M. & Galvin K.P. (1999). Bubble nucleation from gas cavities – a review. Adv. Colloid Interfac, 80, pp. 27–50. DOI:10.1016/S0001-8686(98)00074-8
  20. Kueper, B.H. & McWhorter, D.B. (1991). The behaviour of dense, nonaqueous phase liquids in fractured clay and rock. Ground Water, 29(5), pp. 716–728. DOI:10.1111/j.1745-6584.1991. tb00563.
  21. Kunkel, A.M., Seibert, J.J., Elliott, L.J., Kelley, R., Katz, L.E. & Pope, G.A. (2006). Remediation of elemental mercury using in situ thermal desorption(ISTD). Environmental Science & Technology, 40(7), pp. 2384–2389. DOI:10.1021/es050358
  22. Li, K. & Horne, R.N. (2002). A capillary model for geothermal reservoirs. Proceedings of the GRC 2002 Annual Meeting,September 23–25, 2002, Reno, USA: Geothermal Resources Council Trans.
  23. Magdalena. M.K., Mumford, K.G., Johnson, R.L. & Sleep, B.E. (2011) Modeling discrete gas bubble formation and mobilization during subsurface heating of contaminated zones. Advances in Water Resources, 34, PP. 537–549. DOI:10.1016/j. advwatres.2011.01.010
  24. Martin, E.J. & Kueper, B.H. (2011). Observation of trapped gas during electrical resistance heating of trichloroethylene under passive venting conditions. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 126, pp. 291–300. DOI:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2011.09.004
  25. Martin, E.J., Mumford, K.G. & Kueper, B.H. (2016). Electrical resistance heating of clay layers in water-saturated sand. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, 36(1), pp. 54–61. DOI:10.1111/gwmr.12146
  26. Martin, E.J., Mumford, K.G, Kueper, B.H. & Siemens, G.A. (2017). Gas formation in sand and clay during electrical resistance heating. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 110, pp. 855–862. DOI:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.03.056
  27. Mumford, K.G., Martin, E.J. & Kueper, B.H. (2021). Removal of trichloroethene from thin clay lenses by electrical resistance heating: Laboratory experiments and the effects of gas saturation. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 243, 103892. DOI:10.1016/J. JCONHYD.2021.103892
  28. Mumford, K.G., Smith, J.E. & Dickson, S.E. (2008). Mass flux from a non-aqueous phase liquid pool considering spontaneous expansion of a discontinuous gas phase. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 98, pp. 85–96. DOI:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2008.02.007
  29. Munholland, J.L. (2015) Electrical resistance heating of groundwater impacted by chlorinated solvents in heterogeneous sand. ProQuest Dissertations. Munholland, J.L., Mumford, K.G. & Kueper, B.H. (2016). Factors affecting gas migration and contaminant redistribution in heterogeneous porous media subject to electrical resistance heating. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 184, pp. 14–24. DOI:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.10.011
  30. Netzeva, T.I., Aptula, A.O., Chaudary, S.H., Duffy, J.C., Schultz, T.W., Schűrmann, G. & Cronin, M.T.D. (2003). Structure-Activity Relationships for the Toxicity of Substituted Poly-Hydroxylated. Benzenes to Tetrahymena Pyriformis: influence of Free Radical Formation. Qsar & Combinatorial Science, 22(6), pp. 575–582.
  31. Nilsson, B., Tzovolou, D., Jeczalik, M., TomaszKasela, T., Slack,W., Klint, K.E., Haeseler, F. & Tsakiroglou, D.C. (2011). Combining steam injection with hydraulic fracturing for the in-situ remediation of the unsaturated zone of a fractured soil polluted by jet fuel. Journal of Environmental Management, 92. DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.004
  32. Oberle. D. & Kluger, M. (2015). In situ remediation of 1, 4-dioxane using electrical resistance heating. Remediation Journal, 25(2), pp. 35–42. DOI:10.1002/rem.21422
  33. O’Carroll, D.M. & Sleep, B.E. (2007). Hot water flushing for immiscible displacement of a viscous NAPL. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 91, pp. 47–266. DOI:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.11.003
  34. Schwarzenbach, R.P., Gschwend, P.M. & Imboden, D.M. (2003). Environmental Organic Chemistry, JohnWiley &Sons, New Jersey2003. Scriven, L.E. (1959). On the dynamics of phase growth. Chemical Engineering Science, 10, PP. 1–13, DOI:10.1016/0009- 2509(59)80019-1
  35. Sinnott, R.K. (2005). Coulson’s and Richardson’s Chemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering Design. Elsevier Inc., UK2005.
  36. Sleep, B.E. & Ma, Y.F. (1997). Thermal variation of organic fluid properties and impact on thermal remediation feasibility. Journal of Soil Contamination, 6(3), pp. 281–306. DOI:10.1080/15320389709383566
  37. Smith, J.M. & Van Ness, H.C. (1987). Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics. Mc-Graw Hill, Inc., New York 1987.
  38. Sun, H., Yang, X.R., Xie, J.Y. & Zhao, Y.S. (2021). Remediation of Diesel-Contaminated Aquifers Using Thermal Conductive Heating Coupled With Thermally Activated Persulfate. Water Air Soil Pollut, 232: 293. DOI:10.1007/s11270-021-05240-x
  39. Suthersan. S.S., Horst. J., Schnobrich. M., Welty, N. & McDonough, J. (2016). Remediation Engineering-Design Concepts Second Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton 2016.
  40. Tang, S., Wang, X., Mao, Y., Zhao, Y., Yang, H. & Xie, Y.F. (2015). Effect of dissolved oxygen concentration on iron efficiency: removal of three chloroacetic acids. Water Research, 73, pp. 342–352. DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2015.01.02
  41. Triplett Kingston,J.L., Dahlen, P.R. & Johnson, P.C. (2010). State-of- -the-practice review of in situ thermal technologies. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, 30 (4), pp. 64–72. DOI:10.1111/ j.1745-6592.2010.01305.x
  42. Triplett Kingston, J.L., Johnson, P.C., Kueper, B.H. & Mumford, K.G. (2014). In situ thermal treatment of chlorinated solvent source zones. Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone Remediation, 7, pp. 509–557.
  43. Udell, K.S. (1996). Heat and mass transfer in clean-up of underground toxic wastes. In Annual Reviews of Heat Transfer, 7, pp. 333–405. DOI:10.1615/AnnualRevHeatTransfer.v7.80.
  44. Vermeulen, F. & McGee, B. (2000). In situ electromagnetic heating for hydrocarbon recovery and environmental remediation. J Can. Pet. Technol, 39(8), pp. 24–28. DOI:10.2118/00-08-DAS
  45. Voort, M., Kempenaar, M., Driel, M., Raaijmakers, M.J. & Mendes, R. (2016). Impact of soil heat on reassembly of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere microbiome and plant disease suppression. Ecology Letters, 19(4), pp. 375–382. DOI:10.1111/ele.12567
  46. Zhao, C., Mumford, K.G. & Kueper, B.H. (2014). Laboratory study of non-aqueous phase liquid and water co-boiling during thermal treatment. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 164, pp. 49–58. DOI:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2014.05.008
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Wei Ji
1
Rong-Bing Fu
1
Cai-Hong Gao
1
Jia-Bin Yao
1

  1. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse,College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaCentre for Environmental Risk Management and Remediation of Soil and Groundwater,Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The Nb-Si based in-situ composite was produced by resistive sintering (RS) technique. In order to identify present phases, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was used on the composite. XRD analysis revealed that the composite was composed of Nb solid solution (Nbss) and α-Nb5Si3 phases. The microstructure of the composite was characterized by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was performed for the micro-analysis of the chemical species. SEM-EDS analyses show that the microstructure of composite consists of Nbss, Nb5Si3 and small volume fraction of Ti-rich Nbss phases. The micro hardness of constituent phases of the composite was found to be as 593±19 and 1408±33 Hv0.1, respectively and its relative density was % 98.54.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Y. Garip
ORCID: ORCID
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In this paper, the Al-K2ZrF6 reaction system was used to prepare in-situ Al3Zr/AA6082 particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites by electromagnetic stirring melt reaction method, and the friction stir welding technology was used to weld the plate. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints were studied when the rotating speed was 14000 rpm and the welding speed was 30, 50 and 70 mm/min respectively. The results show that the weld forming quality and tensile properties of the FSW joints with welding parameters of 14000 rpm and 50 mm/min are the best, the tensile strength is 142(±0.5) MPa and the elongation is 8.2%. SEM analysis shows that the particle size of the reinforcing phase in the base metal is refined to about 5-10 μm, while that in the NZ is about 1-5 μm. The grain size in the HAZ is about 20-30 μm and in the NZ is about 5-10 μm. EBSD analysis shows that the proportion of low-angle grain boundary in the NZ is 59.7% and of recrystallized grain structure is 23.65%, while the proportion of small-angle grain boundary in the HAZ is 24.35% and of recrystallized grain structure is 37.18%. It provides theoretical and experimental basis for the forming and application of friction stir welding of the composite.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Hui Li
1
ORCID: ORCID
Caizhi Sun
1
ORCID: ORCID
Feng Wang
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yuanpeng Qiao
1
ORCID: ORCID
Chuying Li
1
ORCID: ORCID
Pinyi Xu
1
ORCID: ORCID
Andrii Zatulovskiy
2
Volodymyr Shcheretskyi
2

  1. Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhenjiang 212000, China
  2. Phisico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciens of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The dynamic analyses are of key importance in the cognitive process in terms of the correct operation of structures loaded with time alternating forces. The development of vehicle industry, which directly results in an increase in the speed of moving vehicles, forces the design of engineering structures that ensure their safe use. The authors of the paper verified the influence of speed and vehicle parameters such as mass, width of track of wheels and their number on the values of displacements and accelerations of selected bridge elements. The problem was treated as the case study, because the analyses were made for one bridge and the passage of three types of locomotives. The response of the structure depends on the technological solutions adopted in the bridge, its technical condition, as well as the quotient of the length of the object and vehicle. A new bridge structure was analyzed and dynamic tests were carried out for trainsets consisting of one and two locomotives. During the actual dynamic tests, the structure was loaded with a locomotive moving at a maximum speed of 160 km/h.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Michał Jukowski
Artur Zbiciak
ORCID: ORCID
Bartosz Skulski
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In this study, Fe-40wt% TiB2 nanocomposite powders were fabricated by two different methods: (1) conventional powder metallurgical process by simple high-energy ball-milling of Fe and TiB2 elemental powders (ex-situ method) and (2) high-energy ball-milling of the powder mixture of (FeB+TiH2) followed by reaction synthesis at high temperature (in-situ method). The ex-situ powder was prepared by planetary ball-milling at 700 rpm for 2 h under an Ar-gas atmosphere. The in-situ powder was prepared under the same milling condition and heat-treated at 900oC for 2 h under flowing argon gas in a tube furnace to form TiB2 particulates through a reaction between FeB and Ti. Both Fe-TiB2 composite powder compacts were sintered by a spark-plasma sintering (SPS) process. Sintering was performed at 1150℃ for the ex-situ powder compact and at 1080℃ for the in-situ powder for 10 minutes under 50 MPa of sintering pressure and 0.1 Pa vacuum for both processes. The heating rate was 50o/min to reach the sintering temperature. Results from analysis of shrinkage and microstructural observation showed that the in-situ composite powder compacts had a homogeneous and fine microstructure compared to the ex-situ preparation, even though the sintered densities were almost the same (99.6 and 99.8% relative density, respectively).

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Sun-Woo Bae
Xuan-Khoa Huynh
Ji-Soon Kim
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The paper presents the results of a series of Cone Penetration Test CPTu performed near the city of Wroclaw (Poland). The tests were carried out in 13 testing points located in close distance to each other. To verify the results of the penetration tests, fine-grained soil samples from selected depths were taken for laboratory tests. The study focuses on the evaluation of soil type, unit weight, and undrained shear strength cu, and compression index Cc. The grain size distribution of the soil and its mechanical parameters on the basis of a uniaxial compression and an oedometer tests were estimated. A comparison of laboratory and CPTu for selected values is presented. Determination of soil type was carried out on the basis of ISBT and IC values and good agreement with the granulometric composition was found. For undrained shear strength, commonly used correlations based on Nk, Nkt and Nke were adopted. However, the values obtained from the CPT are significantly lower than the results from laboratory tests. Therefore, values of cone factors suitable for investigated soil type and reference test were proposed. In the case of the compression index, the coefficient values βc and αm obtained agreed with those available in the literature. The findings presented in the paper indicate that laboratory tests remain necessary to identify soil properties from CPTu. The presented results are also a contribution to the knowledge of local soil conditions in the Lower Silesia area (Poland).
Go to article

Bibliography

[1] F.H. Kulhawy, P.W. Mayne, Manual on estimating soil properties for foundation design (No. EPRI-EL-6800). Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, CA (USA ); Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (USA ), Geotechnical Engineering Group (1990).
[2] T . Lunne, P.K. Robertson, J.J.M. Powell, Cone Penetration Testing in Geotechnical Practice. Blackie Academic/ Routledge Publishing, New York (1997).
[3] K . Karlsrud, T. Lunne, D.A. Kort, S. Strandvik, CPTU correlations for clays. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 16 (2), p. 693 (2005).
[4] P.K. Robertson, Interpretation of cone penetration tests — a unified approach. Can. Geoech. J. 46 (11), 1337-1355 (2009), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/T09-065
[5] P .K. Robertson, The James K. Mitchell Lecture: Interpretation of in-situ tests-some insights. In: Proc. 4th Int. Conf. on Geotechnical and Geophysical Site Characterization – ISC 4, 3-24 (2012).
[6] P .W. Mayne, Interpretation of geotechnical parameters from seismic piezocone tests. In: Proc. 3rd Intl. Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing, CPT’14, 47-73 (2014).
[7] A. Eslami, S. Moshfeghi, H. MolaAbasi, M.M. Eslami, Piezocone and Cone Penetration Test (CPTu and CPT) Applications in Foundation Engineering. Butterworth-Heinemann (2019).
[8] P.K. Robertson, Soil behaviour type from the CPT. In: Proc. 2nd Int. Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing, CPT’10 (2010).
[9] P.K. Robertson, Cone penetration test (CPT)-based soil behaviour type (SBT) classification system — an update. Can. Geotech. J. 53 (12), 1910-1927 (2016) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0044
[10] P.K. Robertson, K.L. Cabal, Estimating soil unit weight from CPT. In: Proc. 2nd Int. Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing, CPT’10 (2010).
[11] P.W. Mayne, J. Peuchen, D. Bouwmeester, Soil unit weight estimation from CPTs. In: Proc. 2nd Int. Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing, CPT’10, (2010).
[12] L .Y. Ju, C. Miao, Z.J. Cao, P. Hubbard, K. Soga, K., D.Q. Li, Geo-Congress 2020: Modeling. Geomaterials and Site Characterization, 558-568 (2020).
[13] K . Karlsrud, K. Brattlien, T. Lunne, Improved CPTU interpretations based on block samples. NGI (1997).
[14] H.E. Low, T. Lunne, K.H. Andersen, M.A. Sjursen, X. Li, M.F. Randolph, Estimation of intact and remoulded undrained shear strengths from penetration tests in soft clays. Géotechnique 60 (11), 843-859 (2010), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.9.P.017
[15] Z . Rémai, Correlation of undrained shear strength and CPT resistance. Per. Pol. Civil Eng. 57 (1), 39-44 (2013), DOI: https://doi.org/10.3311/PPci.2140
[16] A .K.M. Zein, International Journal of Geo-Engineering 8 (1), (2017), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40703-017- 0046-y
[17] P.W. Mayne, J. Peuchen, Evaluation of CPTU Nkt cone factor for undrained strength of clays. In: Proc. 4th Intl. Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing (CPT’18), 423-429 (2018).
[18] A. Drevininkas, G. Creer, M. Nkemitag, Comparison of consolidation characteristics from CPTu, DMT and laboratory testing at Ashbridges Bay, Toronto, Ontario. in: Proceedings of the 64th Canadian Geotechnical Conference and 14th PanAmerican Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Toronto, Canada (2011).
[19] K . Koster, G. Erkens, C. Zwanenburg, A new soil mechanics approach to quantify and predict land subsidence by peat compression. Geophysical Research Letters 43, 10792-10799 (2016), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL 071116
[20] M. Mir, A. Bouafia, K. Rahmani, N. Aouali, Analysis of load-settlement behaviour of shallow foundations in saturated clays based on CPT and DPT tests. Geomech. Eng. 13 (1), 119-139 (2017), DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/ gae.2017.13.1.119
[21] B. Di Buò, J. Selänpää, T. Lansivaara, M. D’Ignazio, Evaluation of existing CPTu-based correlations for the deformation properties of Finnish soft clays. In: Proc. 4th Int. Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing (CPT’18), 185-191 (2018).
[22] Z . Bednarczyk, R. Sandven, Comparison of CPTU and laboratory tests interpretation for Polish and Norwegian clays. In: International Site Characterization Conference, ISC-2. International Society of Rock Mechanics (ISRM), International Association Engineering Geology (IAEG), Geo-Institute of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), Portuguese Association of Engineers (OE) and British Council (BC). Porto, Portugal (2004).
[23] P . Zawrzykraj, P. Rydelek, A. Bąkowska, Geo-engineering properties of Eemian peats from Radzymin (central Poland) in the light of static cone penetration and dilatometer tests. Eng. Geol. 226, 290-300 (2017), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2017.07.001
[24] J. Konkol, K. Międlarz, L. Bałachowski, Geotechnical characterization of soft soil deposits in Northern Poland. Eng. Geol. 259, 105187 (2019), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.105187
[25] J. Nawrocki, A. Becker (red.), Atlas geologiczny Polski. Państ. Inst. Geol., Warszawa (2017).
[26] PN -EN ISO 17892, Geotechnical investigation and testing. Laboratory testing of soil.
[27] PN -EN ISO 14688, Geotechnical investigation and testing. Identification and classification of soil.
[28] S. Shimobe, G. Spagnoli, Relationships between undrained shear strength, liquidity index, and water content ratio of clays. Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ. 79, 4817-4828 (2020), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-020-01844-5
[29] P.K. Robertson, C.E. Wride, Evaluating cyclic liquefaction potential using the cone penetration test. Can. Geoecht. J. 35 (3), 442-459 (1998), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/t98-017
[30] I. Bagińska, Estimating and verifying soil unit weight determined on the basis of SCPTu tests. Ann. Warsaw Univ. Life Sci. – SGGW. Land Reclam. 48 (3), 233-242 (2016), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/sggw-2016-0018
[31] P.W. Mayne, Evaluating effective stress parameters and undrained shear strengths of soft-firm clays from CPT and DMT. Australian Geomechanics Journal 51 (4), 27-55 (2016).
[32] A. Cheshomi, Empirical relationships of CPTu results and undrained shear strength. J. GeoEng. 13 (2), 49-57 (2018), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6310/jog.201806_13(2).1
[33] C.P. Wroth, The interpretation of in situ soil tests. Geotechnique 34 (4), 449-489 (1984), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1984.34.4.449
[34] R. Larsson, M. Mulabdic, Piezocone tests in clay. Swedish Geotechnical Institute, Linköping, Report 42, (1991).
[35] Y .J. Shin, D. Kim, Assessment of undrained shear strength based on Cone Penetration Test (CPT) for clayey soils. J. Civ. Eng. 15 (7), 1161-6 (2011), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-011-0808-6
[36] A .H. El-Bosraty, A.M. Ebid, A.L. Fayed, Estimation of the undrained shear strength of east Port-Said clay using the genetic programming. Ain Shams Engineering Journal 11 (4), 961-969 (2020), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2020.02.007
[37] L . Bałachowski, K. Międlarz, J. Konkol, Strength parameters of deltaic soils determined with CPTU, DMT and FVT. In: Proc. 4th Int. Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing (CPT’18), 117-121 (2018).
[38] S.J. Hong, M. Lee, J. Kim, W. Lee, Evaluation of undrained shear strength of Busan clay using CPT. In: Proc. 2nd Int. Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing, CPT’10 (2010).
[39] K . Koster, G. De Lange, R. Harting, E. de Heer, H. Middelkoop, Characterizing void ratio and compressibility of Holocene peat with CPT for assessing coastal–deltaic subsidence. Q. J. Eng. Geol. Hydrogeol. 51 (2), 210-218 (2018), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2017-120
[40] G. Sanglerat, The Penetrometer and Soil Exploration. Dev. Geotech. Eng. (1972).
[41] P.W. Mayne, Cone penetration testing (Vol. 368). Transportation Research Board (2007).



Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Matylda Tankiewicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Irena Bagińska
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 25 Norwida Str., 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
  2. Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego st., 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The stability of longwall mining is one of the most important and the most difficult aspects of underground coal mining. The loss of longwall stability can threaten lives, disrupt the continuity of the mining operations, and it requires significant materials and labour costs associated with replacing the damages. In fact, longwall mining stability is affected by many factors combined. Each case of longwall mining has its own unique and complex geological and mining conditions. Therefore, any case study of longwall stability requires an individual analysis. In Poland, longwall mining has been applied in underground coal mining for years. The stability of the longwall working is often examined using an empirical method. A regular longwall mining panel (F3) operation was designed and conducted at the Borynia-Zofiówka-Jastrzębie (BZJ) coal mine. During its advancement, roof failures were observed, causing a stoppage. This paper aims to identify and determine the mechanisms of these failures that occurred in the F3 longwall. A numerical model was performed using the finite difference method - code FLAC2D, representing the exact geological and mining conditions of the F3 longwall working. Major factors that influenced the stability of the F3 longwall were taken into account. Based on the obtained results from numerical analysis and the in-situ observations, the stability of the F3 longwall was discussed and evaluated. Consequently, recommended practical actions regarding roof control were put forward for continued operation in the F3 longwall panel.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Phu Minh Vuong Nguyen
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sylwester Rajwa
1
ORCID: ORCID
Marek Płonka
1
ORCID: ORCID
Waldemar Stachura
2

  1. Central Mining Institute (GIG), 1 Gwarków Sq., 40-166 Katowice, Poland
  2. Jastrzębska Spółka Węglowa SA, Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In this paper, the typical sand-conglomerate uranium ore in north China was taken as the research object. The uniaxial compression and tensile tests of sand-conglomerate specimens under natural status and acidic solution status were used to research the compressive strength, tensile strength, Young’s modulus, cohesion and internal friction angle. Focusing on this type of uranium deposit, during the underground design of the in-situ leaching mining method, the three-dimensional finite element method was used to conduct a numerical simulation of the liquid collecting tunnel with different structural parameters of 10 m×2 m, 3 m×2 m, 2 m×2 m, and comprehensively analyse the vertical displacement, principal stress and plastic deformation zone changes of the tunnelbefore and after leaching. Based on the results, influenced by an acidic aqueous solution, the grain of the conglomerate became soft and secondary pores appeared, resulting in the superimposed effect of physical damage and chemical damage. Macroscopically, an obvious decrease was witnessed in mechanical property. Based on the stability and economy factor of three scenarios before and after leaching, the scenario was recommended as the experimental testing scenario, specifically, two longitudinal collecting tunnel were arranged along the strike of the orebody, with the size of 3 m×2 m and the width of the middle pillar of 4 m. The results of the numerical simulation are significant in guiding the design of underground in-situ leaching technology and determining the structural parameters of the deposit.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Yulong Liu
1 2
Lei Huang
2
Guicheng He
1
Nan Hu
1
Shuhui Zhou
2
Qing Yu
1
Dexin Ding
1

  1. Key Discipline Laborat ory for Nat ional Defensefor Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometa llurgy, University of South China, China
  2. China General Nuclear Power Group (CGN) Uranium Resources Co., Ltd, Beijing 100029, China
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In-situ study on the high-temperature fracture behaviour of 347 stainless steel was carried out by using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The welding microstructures of the 347 stainless steel were simulated by subjecting the steel specimen to solution and aging treatments. Undissolved NbC carbides were present within grains after solution treatment, and M23C6 carbides were preferentially formed at grain boundaries after subsequent aging treatment. The M23C6 carbides formed at grain boundaries worked as stress concentration sites and thus generated larger cracks during high-temperature tensile testing. In addition, grain boundary embrittlement was found to be a dominant mechanism for the high-temperature fracture of the 347 stainless steel because vacancy diffusion in the Cr-depleted zones enhances intergranular fracture due to the precipitation of M23C6 carbides at grain boundaries.
Go to article

Bibliography

[1] N . Kim, W. Gil, H. Lim, C. Choi, H. Lee, Met. Mater. Int. 25, 193-206 (2019).
[2] B. Jian, X. Hu, Y. Liu, Mat. Mater. Int. 26, 1295-1305 (2020).
[3] H.P. Kim, D.J. Kim, Corros. Sci. Tech. 17, 183-192 (2018).
[4] Y . Zhou, Y. Li, Y. Liu, Q. Guo, C. Liu, L. Yu, C. Li, H. Li, J. Mater. Res. 30, 3642-3652 (2015).
[5] B. Sasmal, J. Mater. Sci. 32, 5439-5444 (1997).
[6] K . Kaneko, T. Fukunage, K. Yamada, N. Nakada, M. Kikuchi, Z. Saghi, J.S. Barnard, P. A. Midgley, Scr. Mater. 65, 509-512 (2011).
[7] J. Vivas, C. Capdevila, E. Altstadt, M. Houska, I. Sabirov, D.S. Mart, Met. Mater. Int. 25, 343-352 (2019).
[8] H.U. Hong, B.S. Rho, S.W. Nam, J. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 318, 285- 292 (2001).
[9] S.G. Kim, J.N. Kim, J.P. Wang, C.Y. Kang, Met. Mater. Int. 25, 127-134 (2019).
[10] J.P. Adamson, J.W. Martin, Acta Mater. 19, 1015-1018 (1971)
[11] S.H. Lee, H.S. Na, K.W. Lee, Y. Choe, C.Y. Kang, Metals. 8, 1-14 (2018).
[12] Y .M. He, Y.H. Wang, K. Guo, T.S. Wang, J. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 708, 248-253 (2017).
[13] S.I. Lee, S.Y. Lee, J. Han, B. Hwang, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 742, 334-343 (2019).
[14] R . Raj, M.F. Ashby, Metall. Mater. Trans. 2, 1113-1127 (1971).
[15] T.G. Langdon, Acta Metal. Mater. 42, 2437-2443 (1994).
[16] Q. Wu, T. Han, Y. Wang, H. Wang, H. Zhang, S. Gu, Eng. Fail. Anal. 109, 104236 (2020).
[17] E . Merson, V. Danilov, D. Merson, A. Vinogradov, Eng. Fract. Mech. 183, 147-158 (2017).
[18] J. Tian, G. Xu, X. Wan, Mat. Mater. Int. 26, 961-972 (2020).
[19] S.I. Lee, S.Y. Lee, S.G. Lee, H.G. Jung, B. Hwang, Met. Mater. Int. 24, 1221-1231 (2018).
[20] S.Y. Lee, S.I. Lee, B. Hwang, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 711, 22-28 (2018).
[21] S.I. Lee, J. Lee, B. Hwang, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 758, 56-59 (2019).
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Seok-Woo Ko
1
ORCID: ORCID
Hyeonwoo Park
2
ORCID: ORCID
Il Yoo
3
ORCID: ORCID
Hansoo Kim
2
ORCID: ORCID
Joonho Lee
2
ORCID: ORCID
Byoungchul Hwang
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
  2. Korea University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
  3. ADNOC LNG, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Oxide-dispersion-strengthened high-entropy alloys were produced by hot-pressing a ball-milled mixture of Y2O3 and atomized CoCrFeMnNi powder. The effect of milling duration on grain size reduction, oxide formation behavior, and the resulting mechanical properties of the alloys was studied. Both the alloy powder size and Y2O3 particle size decreased with milling time. Moreover, the alloy powder experienced severe plastic deformation, dramatically generating crystalline defects. As a result, the grain size was reduced to ~16.746 nm and in-situ second phases (e.g., MnO2 and σ phase) were formed at the defects. This increased the hardness of the alloys up to a certain level, although excessive amounts of in-situ second phases had the reverse effect.
Go to article

Bibliography

[1] B. Cantor, I.T.H. Chang, P. Knight, A.J.B. Vincent, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 375-377, 213-218 (2004).
[2] F. Otto, A. Dlouhý, Ch. Somsen, H. Bei, G. Eggeler, E.P. George, Acta Mater. 61, 5743-5755 (2013).
[3] G .T. Lee, J.W. Won, K.R. Lim, M. Kang, H.J. Kwon, Y.S. Na, Y.S. Choi, Met. Mater. Int. (2020). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-020-00786-7
[4] J .H. Kim, Y.S. Na, Met. Mater. Int. 25, 296-303 (2019).
[5] Y.Z. Tian, Y. Bai, M.C. Chen, A. Shibata, D. Terada, N. Tsuji, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 45, 5300-5304 (2014).
[6] R . Zheng, T. Bhattacharjee, A. Shibata, T. Sasaki, K. Hono, M. Joshi, N. Tsuji, Scr. Mater. 131, 1-5 (2017).
[7] Y.Z. Tian, Y. Bai, L.J. Zhao, S. Gao, H.K. Yang, A. Shibata, Z.F. Zhang, N. Tsuji, Mater. Charact. 126, 74-80 (2017).
[8] A. Siahsarani, F. Samadpour, M.H. Mortazavi, G. Faraji, Met. Mater. Int. (2020). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-020-00828-0
[9] B. Schuh, F. Mendez-Martin, B. Völker, E.P. George, H. Clemens, R. Pippan, A. Hohenwarter, Acta Mater. 96, 258-268 (2015).
[10] H . Shahmir, J. He, Z. Lu, M. Kawasaki, T.G. Langdon, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 676, 294-303 (2016).
[11] C.L. Chen, C.L. Huang, Met. Mater. Int. 19, 1047-1051 (2013).
[12] B. Gwalani, R.M. Pohan, O.A. Waseem, T. Alam, S.H. Hong, H.J. Ryu, R. Banerjee, Scr. Mater. 162, 477-481 (2019).
[13] L. Moravcik, L. Gouvea, V. Hornik, Z. Kovacova, M. Kitzmantel, E. Neubauer, I. Dlouhy, Scr. Mater. 157, 24-29 (2018).
[14] P. He, J. Hoffmann, A. Möslang, J. Nucl. Mater. 501, 381-387 (2018).
[15] J .M. Byun, S.W. Park, Y.D. Kim, Met. Mater. Int. 24, 1309-1314 (2018).
[16] A. Patra, S.K. Karak, S. Pal, IOP Cof. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 75 (012032), 1-6 (2015).
[17] S. Nam, S.E. Shin, J.H. Kim, H. Choi, Met. Mater. Int. 26, 1385- 1393 (2020).
[18] N. Salah, S.S. Habib, Z.H. Khan, A. Memic, A. Azam, E. Alarfaj, N. Zahed, S. Al-Hamedi, Int. J. Nanomed. 6, 863-869 (2011).
[19] H . Shahmir, J. He, Z. Lu, M. Kawasaki, T.G. Langdon, Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 676, 294-303 (2016).
[20] N. Park, B.-J. Lee, N. Tsuji, J. Alloys Compd. 719, 189-193 (2017).
[21] Q. Wang, Z. Li, S. Pang, X. Li, C. Dong, P. Liaw, Entropy 20, 878 (2018).
[22] V. Rajkovic, D. Božić, A. Devečerski, J. Serb. Che. Soc. 72, 45-53 (2007).
[23] S.K. Vajpai, R.K. Dube, P. Chatterjee, S. Sangal, Metall. Mater. Trans. A. 43, 2484-2499 (2012).
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Yongwook Song
1
ORCID: ORCID
Daeyoung Kim
1
ORCID: ORCID
Seungjin Nam
1
ORCID: ORCID
Kee-Ahn Lee
2
ORCID: ORCID
Hyunjoo Choi
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Kookmin University, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  2. Inha University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea

This page uses 'cookies'. Learn more