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Number of results: 70
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Abstract

This paper presents the idea of increasing the effectiveness of slag decopperisation in an electric furnace in the "Głogów II" Copper Smelter by replacing the currently added CaCO3with a less energy-intensive technological additive. As a result of this conversion, one may expect improved parameters of the process, including process time or power consumption per cycle. The incentives to optimize the process are the benefits of increasing copper production in the company and the growing global demand for this metal. The paper also describes other factors that may have a significant impact on the optimization of the copper production process. Based on the literature analysis, a solution has been developed that improves the copper production process. The benefits of using a new technology additive primarily include increased share of copper in the alloy, reduced production costs, reduced amount of power consumed per cycle and reduced time it takes to melt. At the conclusion of the paper, the issues raised are highlighted, stressing that mastering the slag slurry process in electric furnaces requires continuous improvement.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Wędrychowicz
W. Wołczyński
A.W. Bydałek
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Abstract

In the present dynamic environment, manufacture are required to reduce product development

cycle time and enhance product quality. To meet such challenges many business

are developing closer relationships with their business partner through application of interorganisational

system. Electronic data interchange (EDI) providing a structured form of

communication and has become very popular vehicle for electronic communication. Since

the EDI concept was popularised in 1990, there is a growing recognition by practitioners

and academics. The aim of this study is to perform an analysis of EDI research, give the

current discussion regarding the trends and note the suggestions for the future directions

of EDI research in the manufacture. In this paper, we provide a wide coverage of excessively

citations on EDI from 1990 to 2017 from good references in this area. The papers are

classified into EDI implementation strategy, EDI adoption, EDI integration, EDI in supply

chain and EDI in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The study results of this literature

review are expected to assist development of EDI research especially the implementation of

EDI on production outsourcing as one of supply chain activities.

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Authors and Affiliations

Rika Yunitarini
Pratikto
Purnomo Budi Santoso
Sugiono
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Abstract

Thermal/cold spray deposition were used for additive manufacture of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel layers. Mechanically alloyed F/M ODS steel powders (Fe(bal.)-10Cr-1Mo-0.25Ti-0.35Y2O3 in wt.%) were sprayed by a high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) and cold spray methods. HVOF, as a thermal method, was used for manufacturing a 1 mm-thick ODS steel layer with a ~95% density. The source to objective distance (SOD) and feeding rate were controlled to achieve sound manufacturing. Y2Ti2O7 nano-particles were preserved in the HVOF sprayed layer; however, unexpected Cr2O3 phases were frequently observed at the boundary area of the powders. A cold spray was used for manufacturing the Cr2O3-free layer and showed great feasibility. The density and yield of the cold spray were roughly 80% and 45%, respectively. The softening of ODS powders before the cold spray was conducted using a tube furnace of up to 1200°C. Microstructural characteristics of the cold sprayed layer were investigated by electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD), the uniformity of deformation amount inside powders was observed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Suk Hoon Kang
Chang-Kyu Rhee
Sanghoon Noh
Tae Kyu Kim
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Abstract

The market of consumer goods requires nowadays quick response to customer needs. As a consequence, this is transferred to the time restrictions that the semi-finished product manufacturer must meet. Therefore the cost of manufacturing cannot determine how production processes are designed, and the main evaluation function of manufacturing processes is the response time to customers’ orders. One of the ideas for implementing this idea is the QRM (Quick Response Manufacturing) production organization system. The purpose of the research undertaken by the authors was to develop an innovative solution in the field of production structure, allowing for the implementation of the QRM concept in a Contract Manufacturer, which realizes its tasks according to engineering-to-order (ETO) system in conditions defined as High Mix, Low Volume, High Complexity. The object of the research was to select appropriate methods for grouping products assuming that certain operations will be carried out in traditional but well-organized technological and/or linear cells. The research was carried out in one of the largest producers of sheet metal components in Europe. Pre-completed groupings for data obtained from the company had indicated that – among the classical methods – the best results had been given by the following methods: King’s Algorithm (otherwise called: Binary Ordering, Rank Order Clustering), k-means, and Kohonen’s neural networks. The results of the tests and preliminary simulations based on the data from the company proved that the implementation of the QRM concept does not have to be associated with the absolute formation of multi-purpose cells. It turned out that the effect of reducing the response time to customer needs can be obtained by using hybrid structures that combine solutions characteristic of cellular systems with traditional systems such as a technological, linear, or mixed structure. However, this requires the application of technological solutions with the highest level of organization.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jerzy Duda
1
Andrzej Macioł
2
Stanisław Jedrusik
2
Bogdan Rebiasz
2
A. Stawowy
ORCID: ORCID
Monika Sopinska-Lenart
3
Adam Stawowy
2

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Management, Kraków, Poland
  2. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Management, Kraków, Poland
  3. Addit Sp. z o.o., Wegrow, Poland
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Abstract

A number of technologies is developed that substitute simple metal cores in the high-pressure casting technology. Soluble cores, namely

on the salt basis, represent the highest prospect. The contribution gives the results of the production of salt cores by high-pressure

squeezing and shooting with using a binder. Special attention is paid to the shape of NaCl salt crystals with additives and the influence on

strength properties of cores. A technology of bonding the salt cores is developing. Salinity of circulating water is studied and it is checked

with the aid of electrical conductance.

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Authors and Affiliations

P. Jelínek
J. Beňo
E. Adámková
F. Mikšovský
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Abstract

This paper presents the results of a metrological analysis of the additively manufactured (AM) copies of a complex geometrical object, namely the fossil skull of Madygenerpeton pustulatum. This fossil represents the unique remains of an extinct “reptiliomorph amphibian” of high importance for palaeontological science. For this research, the surface was scanned and twelve different copies were 3D-printed using various devices, materials, and AM techniques. The same digitized model was used as a reference to compare with the surfaces obtained by Mitutoyo Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) CRYSTA-Apex S 9166 for each copy. The fidelity of the copies was assessed through statistical analysis of the distances between compared surfaces. The methodology provided a good background for the choice of the most accurate copies and the elimination of the less accurate ones. The proposed approach can be applied to any object of complex geometry when reproduction accuracy is to be assessed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mirosław Rucki
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yaroslav Garashchenko
2
ORCID: ORCID
Ilja Kogan
3 4
ORCID: ORCID
Tomasz Ryba
5
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Poland
  2. Department of Integrated Technologic Process and Manufacturing, National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”, Ukraine
  3. Museum für Naturkunde Chemnitz, Germany
  4. Geological Institute, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
  5. Łukasiewicz Research Network – Institute for Sustainable Technologies, Radom, Poland
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Abstract

Computational intelligence (CI) can adopt/optimize important principles in the workflow of 3D printing. This article aims to examine to what extent the current possibilities for using CI in the development of 3D printing and reverse engineering are being used, and where there are still reserves in this area. Methodology: A literature review is followed by own research on CI-based solutions. Results: Two ANNs solving the most common problems are presented. Conclusions: CI can effectively support 3D printing and reverse engineering especially during the transition to Industry 4.0. Wider implementation of CI solutions can accelerate and integrate the development of innovative technologies based on 3D scanning, 3D printing, and reverse engineering. Analyzing data, gathering experience, and transforming it into knowledge can be done faster and more efficiently, but requires a conscious application and proper targeting.
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Authors and Affiliations

Izabela Rojek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dariusz Mikołajewski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Joanna Nowak
2
ORCID: ORCID
Zbigniew Szczepański
2
ORCID: ORCID
Marek Macko
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Computer Science, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
  2. Faculty of Mechatronics, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Abstract

Major manufactures are moving towards a sustainability goal. This paper introduces the results of collaboration with the leading company in the packaging and advertising industry in Germany and Poland. The problem addresses the manufacturing planning problem in terms of minimizing the total cost of production. The challenge was to bring a new production planning method into cardboard manufacturing and paper processing which minimizes waste, improves the return of expenses, and automates daily processes heavily dependent on the production planners’ experience. The authors developed a module that minimizes the total cost, which reduces the overproduction and is used by the company’s manufacturing planning team. The proposed approach incorporates planning allowances rules to compromise the manufacturing requirements and production cost minimization.
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Authors and Affiliations

Kateryna Czerniachowska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Krzysztof Żywicki
2
ORCID: ORCID
Radosław Wichniarek
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Wroclaw, Poland
  2. Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
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Abstract

In this study, we propose a cooling structure manufactured using a specialized three-dimensional (3D) printing design method. A cooling performance test system with complex geometry that used a thermoelectric module was manufactured using metal 3D printing. A test model was constructed by applying additive manufacturing simulation and computational fluid analysis techniques, and the correlation between each element and cooling efficiency was examined. In this study, the evaluation was conducted using a thermoelectric module base cooling efficiency measurement system. The contents were compared and analyzed by predicting the manufacturing possibility and cooling efficiency, through additive manufacturing simulation and computational fluid analysis techniques, respectively.
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Bibliography

[1] M .K. Thompson et al, Design for Additive Manufacturing: Trends, opportunities, considerations, and constraints, CIRP Annuals 65, 737-760 (2016).
[2] M . Kumke, H. Watschke, T. Vietor, A new methodological framework for design for additive manufacturing, Virtual and Physical Prototyping 11, 3-19 (2016).
[3] L. Frizziero and et al., Design for Additive Manufacturing and Advanced Development Methods Applied to an Innovative Multifunctional Fan, Additive Manufacturing: Breakthoughs in Research and Practic 34 (2020).
[4] F .F. Wang, E. Parker, 3D printed micro-channel heat sink design considerations, 2016 International Symposium on 3D Power Electronics Integration and Manufacturing 16320350 (2016).
[5] Chunlei Wan and et al., Flexible n-type thermoelectric materials by organic intercalation of layered transition metal dischalcogenide TiS2, Nature Materials 14, 622-627 (2015).
[6] M . Helou, S. Kara, Design, analysis and manufacturing of lattice structures: an overview, International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing 31, 243-261 (2018).
[7] C. Dimitrios et al., Design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) of hot stamping dies with improved cooling performance under cyclic loading conditions, Additive Manufacturing 18, 101720 (2020).
[8] D. Yong et al., Thermoelectric materials and devices fabricated by additive manufacturing, Vacuum 178, 109384 (2020).
[9] S. Ning et al., 3D-printing of shape-controllable thermoelectric devices with enhanced output performance, Energy 195, 116892 (2020).
[10] S. Emrecan et al., Thermo-mechanical simulations of selective laser melting for AlSi10Mg alloy to predict the part-scale deformations, Progress in Additive Manufacturing 465-478 (2019).
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Authors and Affiliations

Yeong-Jin Woo
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Dong-Ho Nam
1
ORCID: ORCID
Seok-Rok Lee
1
ORCID: ORCID
Eun-Ah Kim
1
ORCID: ORCID
Woo-Jin Lee
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dong-Yeol Yang
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ji-Hun Yu
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yong-Ho Park
2
ORCID: ORCID
Hak-Sung Lee
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
  2. Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
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Abstract

In the era of smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0, the rapid development of modelling in production processes results in the implementation of new techniques, such as additive manufacturing (AM) technologies. However, large invest-ments in the devices in the field of AM technologies require prior analysis to identify the possibilities of improving the production process flow. This paper proposes a new approach to determine and optimize the production process flow with improvements made by the AM technologies through the application of the Petri net theory. The existing produc-tion process is specified by a Petri net model and optimized by AM technology. The modified version of the system is verified and validated by the set of analytic methods safeguarding against the formal errors, deadlocks, or unreachable states. The proposed idea is illustrated by an example of a real-life production process.
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Authors and Affiliations

Justyna Patalas-Maliszewska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Remigiusz Wiśniewski
2
ORCID: ORCID
Marcin Topczak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Marcin Wojnakowski
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, Szafrana 4, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
  2. Institute of Control & Computation Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, Szafrana 2, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
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Abstract

In mid-1992, Japanese consultant Yamada Hitoshi was tasked with modifying the production systems of Japanese companies as the existing configurations at manufacturing plants no longer satisfied unstable demands. He made improvements to the overall production system by dividing the long assembly lines into several short ones called cells or seru. Although of the advantages, it is still unclear about how to manage this new production system, and what variables really promoted the desired benefits. We identify in total 39 articles from 2004– 2020 about the progress of the seru production system, and we observe some possibilities to improve the effectiveness of this type of the production system. The first is the possibility of manufacturing the product in flexible sequence, in which the operations are independent among them. We show through the developed example that the makespan may be different. We noted when converting the in-line production system to one pure seru, the makespan tend to increase. Nevertheless, when analyzing the effectiveness of serus working concomitantly considering splitting the same lot, makespan and the cost may be reduced. And finally, when converting to one of pure serus, the performance may be similar to that obtained when serus working concomitantly.
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Authors and Affiliations

Yung Chin Shih
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Abstract

This paper presents the results of experimental research regarding the determination of the flow characteristics of the compressor of an automotive turbocharger with a plastic rotor disc. The disc was manufactured using the 3D printing technology called the multijet printing, which allows complex geometries to be printed with high precision. Currently, in addition to speeding up the manufacturing processes and reducing their costs, 3D printing technologies are increasingly seen as standard tools that can be used in the design and optimization of machine parts. This article is a continuation of research on the possibility of applying additively manufactured elements in turbomachines. The experimental research was carried out at high rotational speeds (up to 110 000 rpm), using the automotive turbocharger with two different compressor rotors (i.e. one aluminum and one polymer). The first chapters of the paper discuss the preparation stage of the research (i.e. the manufacture of the rotor, the test rig). Then, the experimental research and the flow characteristics are described. The results obtained for the two types of discs were compared with each other and the area of application of the additively manufactured rotor was determined. The rotor functioned properly in the range of tested operating parameters and the results obtained showed that the technology and material applied could be used in the optimization studies of the blade systems of high-speed fluid-flow machines.
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Bibliography

[1] Liaw C.Y., Guvendiren M.: Current and emerging applications of 3D printing in medicine. Biofabrication 9(2017), 2, 024102.
[2] Tejo-Otero A., Buj-Corral I., Fenollosa-Artés F.: 3D printing in medicine for preoperative surgical planning: A review. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 48(2020), 2, 536– 555.
[3] Christensen A., Rybicki F.J.: Maintaining safety and efficacy for 3D printing in medicine. J. 3D Print. Med. 3(2017), 1–10.
[4] Kumar L.J., Nair C.K.: Current trends of additive manufacturing in the aerospace industry. In: Advances in 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing Technologies (L.J. Kumar, D.I. Wimpenny, P.M. Pandey, Eds.) Springer, Singapore 2017, 39–54.
[5] Lee H., Jang Y., Choe J. K., Lee S., Song H., Lee J. P., Kim J.: 3D-printed programmable tensegrity for soft robotics. Sci. Robotics 5(2020), 45, eaay9024.
[6] Andrearczyk A., Baginski P., Klonowicz P.: Numerical and experimental investigations of a turbocharger with a compressor wheel made of additively manufactured plastic. Int. J. Mech. Sci. 178(2020), 105613.
[7] Kariz M., Sernek M., Obucina M., Kuzman M.K.: Effect of wood content in FDM filament on properties of 3D printed parts. Mater. Today Commun. 14(2018), 135–140.
[8] Andrearczyk A, Konieczny B, Sokołowski J.: Additively Manufactured Parts Made of a Polymer Material Used for the Experimental Verification of a Component of a High-Speed Machine with an Optimised Geometry – Preliminary Research. Polymers 13(2021), 1, 137.
[9] Cantrell J.T., Rohde S., Damiani D., Gurnani R., DiSandro L., Anton J., Ifju P.G.: Experimental characterization of the mechanical properties of 3D-printed ABS and polycarbonate parts. Rapid Prototyping J. 2017.
[10] Bassett K., Carriveau R., Ting D.K.: 3D printed wind turbines part 1: Design considerations and rapid manufacture potential. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 11(2015), 186–193.
[11] Constantinou P., Roy S.: A 3D printed electromagnetic nonlinear vibration energy harvester. Smart Mater. Struct. 25(2016), 9, 095053.
[12] Zhang X., Zhou H., Shi W., Zeng F., Zeng H., Chen G.: Vibration tests of 3D printed satellite structure made of lattice sandwich panels. AIAA J. 56(2018), 10, 1–5.
[13] Zeppei D., Koch S., Rohi A.: Ball bearing technology for passenger car turbochargers. MTZ worldwide 77(2016), 26–31.
[14] Idzior M., Karpiuk W., Bielinski M., Borowczyk T., Daszkiewicz P., Stobnicki P.: A concept of a turbocharger test stand. Combust. Engines 156(2014), 1, 30–40.
[15] Andrearczyk A., Baginski P., Zywica G.: Test stand for the experimental investigation of turbochargers with 3d printed components. Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering 22(2020), 2, 397–404.
[16] Andrearczyk A., Mieloszyk M., Baginski P.: Destructive tests of an additively manufactured compressor wheel performed at high rotational speeds. In: Proc. Int. Conf. Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics. Springer, Cham 2020, 117–123.
[17] Wisniewski P.P., Dykas, S., Zhang G.: Numerical studies of air humidity importance in the first stage rotor of turbine compressor. Arch. Thermodyn. 41(2020), 4, 223–234.
[18] MarSurf PS1, https://metrology.mahr.com/de/produkte/artikel/6910235-mobilesrauheitsmessgeraet- marsurf-ps-10-c2
[19] LabView software, https://www.ni.com/pl-pl/shop/labview.html
[20] TMD20, https://www.czaki.pl/produkt/przetwornik-pomiarowy-tmd-20-modbusrtu- rs-485-programowalny/
[21] Optel Thevon, https://www.optel-texys.com/en/152-g6-gpk-1-152.html
[22] Flowmeter EE741, https://www.epluse.com/en/products/flow-meter/flow-meterindustrial/ ee741/
[23] Peltron NPX pressure transducer, https://peltron.pl/produkty/przetwornikcisnienia- npx/
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Authors and Affiliations

Artur Andrearczyk
1

  1. Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdansk, Poland
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Abstract

Manufacturing errors (MEs) are unavoidable in product fabrication. The omnipresence of manufacturing errors (MEs) in product engineering necessitates the development of robust optimization methodologies. In this research, a novel approach based on the morphological operations and interval field (MOIF) theory is proposed to address MEs in the discrete-variable-based topology optimization procedures. On the basis of a methodology for deterministic topology optimization (TO) based on the Min-Cut, MOIF introduces morphological operations to generate geometrical variations, while the dimension of the structuring element is dynamically set by the interval field function’s output. The effectiveness of the proposed approach as a powerful tool for accounting for spatially uneven ME in the TOs has been demonstrated.
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Authors and Affiliations

Meng Xia
1
Jing Li
1

  1. School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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Abstract

Research in additive manufacturing of tungsten carbide-cobalt has intensified over the last few years due to the increasing need for products designed using topology optimisation and multiscale structures (lattice). These products result in complex shapes and contain inner structures that are challenging to produce through conventional techniques, thus involving high costs. The present work addresses this problem using a two-step approach to 3D print parts with complex shapes and internal structures by employing indirect selective laser sintering (SLS) and tungsten carbide-cobalt sintering. The paper takes further our research in this field [1] to improve the part density by using high bulk density tungsten carbide-cobalt powders. Mechanically mixing tungsten carbide-cobalt with the sacrificial binder, polyamide 12, results in a homogenous powder successfully used by the selective laser sintering process to produce green parts. By further processing, the green parts through a complete sintering cycle, an average final part density of 11.72 g/cm3 representing more than 80% of the theoretical density is achieved.
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Authors and Affiliations

R.V. Gădălean
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
O.-D. Jucan
3
ORCID: ORCID
H.F. Chicinaş
2 3
ORCID: ORCID
N. Bâlc
1
ORCID: ORCID
C.O. Popa
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, 103-105, Muncii Avenue, 400641 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  2. Gühring Romania, 32 Constructorilor Street, 407035 Apahida, Romania
  3. Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Materials Science and Engineering Department, 103-105, Muncii Avenue, 400641 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Abstract

Deposition defects like porosity, crack and lack of fusion in additive manufacturing process is a major obstacle to commercialization of the process. Thus, metallurgical microscopy analysis has been mainly conducted to optimize process conditions by detecting and investigating the defects. However, these defect detection methods indicate a deviation from the operator’s experience. In this study, artificial intelligence based YOLOv3 of object detection algorithm was applied to avoid the human dependency. The algorithm aims to automatically find and label the defects. To enable the aim, 80 training images and 20 verification images were prepared, and they were amplified into 640 training images and 160 verification images using augmentation algorithm of rotation, movement and scale down, randomly. To evaluate the performance of the algorithm, total loss was derived as the sum of localization loss, confidence loss, and classification loss. In the training process, the total loss was 8.672 for the initial 100 sample images. However, the total loss was reduced to 5.841 after training with additional 800 images. For the verification of the proposed method, new defect images were input and then the mean Average Precision (mAP) in terms of precision and recall was 0.3795. Therefore, the detection performance with high accuracy can be applied to industry for avoiding human errors.
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Bibliography

[1] O .H. Kwon, H.G. Kim, M.J. Ham, W.R. Kim, G.H. Kim, J.H. Cho, N.I. Kim, K.I. Kim, J. Intel. Manuf. 31, 375-386 (2020).
[2] L. Scime, J. Beuth, Addit. Manuf. 24, 273-286 (2018).
[3] L. Scime, J. Beuth, Addit. Manuf. 19, 114-126 (2018).
[4] L. Scime, J. Beuth, Addit. Manuf. 25, 151-165 (2019).
[5] L. Scime, J. Beuth, Addit. Manuf. 29, 100830, 1-9 (2019).
[6] M. Khanzadeh, W. Tian, A. Yadollahi, H.R. Doude, M.A. Tschopp, Addit. Manuf. 23, 443-456 (2018).
[7] M. Khanzadeh, S. Chowdhury, M. Marufuzzaman, M.A. Tschopp, L. Bian, J. Manuf. Syst. 47, 69-82 (2018).
[8] M. Khanzadeh, S. Chowdhury, M.A. Tschopp, H.R. Doude, M. Marufuzzaman, L. Bian, IISE Trans. 51, 5, 437-455 (2019)
[9] J . Redmon, A. Farhadi, arXiv preprint, 1804.02767 (2018).
[10] https://imageai.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
[11] https://github.com/tzutalin/labelImg
[12] http://www.image-net.org/
[13] https://imgaug.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html
[14] J .S. Kim, B.J. Kang, S.W. Lee, J. Mech. Sci. Technol. 33, 12, 1-7 (2019).
[15] A. Torralba, A.A. Efros, Proc. CVPR IEEE 12218709, 1521-1528 (2011).
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Authors and Affiliations

Byungjoo Choi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yongjun Choi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Moon Gu Lee
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jung Sub Kim
2
ORCID: ORCID
Sang Won Lee
2
ORCID: ORCID
Yongho Jeon
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Ajou University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea
  2. Sungkyunkwan University School of Mechanical Engineering, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Abstract

The studied collecting electrodes for electrostatic precipitators are cold-rolled formed. Here Sigma 750 open section was manufactured of DC01 steel grade. Length of the electrodes ranged from 8 to 13 meters, all were thin-walled of 1.5 mm. Tolerance of their manufacture is strictly set. A database of material properties, chemical composition, and a set of final tolerance of manufactured profiles has been collected. At first basic statistics for the data has been done. Finally statistical relation between the material composition and profile geometrical tolerance has been studied, next between the material mechanical properties and profile geometrical tolerance has been examined.
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Authors and Affiliations

P. Tracz
1
K. Wacławiak
2
ORCID: ORCID
J. Chrapoński
2
ORCID: ORCID
R. Popiel
1

  1. PST Consulting Rafał Popiel, Poland
  2. Silesian University of Technology, Department of Materials Technologies, 8. Krasińskiego Str., 40-019 Katowice, Poland
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Abstract

The article reviews the results of experimental tests assessing the impact of process parameters of additive manufacturing technologies on the geometric structure of free-form surfaces. The tests covered surfaces manufactured with the Selective Laser Melting additive technology, using titanium-powder-based material (Ti6Al4V) and Selective Laser Sintering from polyamide PA2200. The evaluation of the resulting surfaces was conducted employing modern multiscale analysis, i.e., wavelet transformation. Comparative studies using selected forms of the mother wavelet enabled determining the character of irregularities, size of morphological features and the indications of manufacturing process errors. The tests provide guidelines and allow to better understand the potential in manufacturing elements with complex, irregular shapes.
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Authors and Affiliations

Damian Gogolewski
1

  1. Kielce University of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Metrology, al. Tysiaclecia Panstwa Polskiego 7, 25-314 Kielce, Poland
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Abstract

This study investigated the relationship between the parameters of the DLP manufacturing process and the structure of photopolymerizable acrylic resins. Four different process parameters were established to produce different thin-walled acrylic sample series: exposure time, layer thickness, area offset, and number of transition layers. The structure and the surface of the obtained samples were examined with the use of the FTIR–ATR method and an optical microscope, respectively. It was proved that extension of the exposure time increases the density of crosslinking and sample thickness. A decreasing crosslinking density due to rising layer thickness is observed. The area offset affects only the dimensions of the sample, predictably reducing the dimensions of the sample as the compensation increases. The absence of transition layers proved unfavorable in many respects, both structurally and geometrically.
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Authors and Affiliations

Dorota Tomczak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Radosław Wichniarek
2
ORCID: ORCID
Wiesław Kuczko
2
ORCID: ORCID
Filip Górski
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
  2. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 61-138 Poznan, Poland
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Abstract

The study is devoted to the co-design concept which is not widely studied in the manufacturing industry area. The concept is just practiced but not theorized and not investigated enough, although it greatly deserves it because of its perspectives and advantages potential in the technology changes era. This study aims to present an investigation of literature views on co-design in manufacturing operations, with the comparison to service literature where it is widely discussed; the study also aims at in-depth investigations of co-design occurrences in two industrial cases of product development to understand their nature and circumstances. In addition, the influence of Industry 4.0 technologies and their coexistence with the concept of sustainability will also be strongly taken into consideration in the empirical part of this study. The process of the individualized production of the industrial line for animal food packing and cardboard packaging production has been studied according to case study methodology. The study demonstrates that co-design could contribute to bettering the process of new product development and achieving products more accurate for the final users’ requirements. It goes hand in hand with one of the core ideas of sustainability, which is to have long-lasting products, exploited by the customer with a high level of satisfaction for a longer time. The study implies that the technologies of Industry 4.0 could support wider and more effective co-design exploitation by manufacturing entities.
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Authors and Affiliations

Elżbieta Krawczyk-Dembicka
1
ORCID: ORCID
Wiesław Urban
1
ORCID: ORCID
Krzysztof Łukaszewicz
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45A Street, 15-351 Białystok, Poland
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Abstract

Production is becoming more customer-focused as it departs from delivering standardized mass products to market segments, and the emerging Industry 4.0 technologies render this much easier than before. These technologies enable two-way information exchange with customers throughout all the steps of product development, particularly in terms of tailor-made products. This study aims at presenting proposals of implementing Industry 4.0 technologies into the process of tailored products, where the product is customized for the customer from the start and where adjustments are also made at the manufacturing stage. The study also aims to build a concept of intensification of customer contact and to improve the process flow by applying Industry 4.0 technologies. The study’s subject is tailor-made furniture production, with individually designed products that are manufactured and installed at a customer’s facilities. The company in the study operates on a small scale. The study employs a case study methodology that shows how the process can be improved in terms of real-time effective customer contact and process flow. The huge potential of 3D visualization as well as augmented and virtual reality technologies are also demonstrated. The study concludes with several directions for further development of existing technology solutions.
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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Łukaszewicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Wiesław Urban
1
ORCID: ORCID
Elżbieta Krawczyk-Dembicka
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Faculty of Engineering Management, Department of Production Management, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45A Street, 15-351 Białystok, Poland
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Abstract

Modern industry requires an increasing level of efficiency in a lightweight design. To achieve these objectives, easy-to-apply numerical tests can help in finding the best method of topological optimization for practical industrial applications. In this paper, several numerical benchmarks are proposed. The numerical benchmarks facilitate qualitative comparison with analytical examples and quantitative comparison with the presented numerical solutions. Moreover, an example of a comparison of two optimization algorithms was performed. That was a commonly used SIMP algorithm and a new version of the CCSA hybrid algorithm of topology optimization. The numerical benchmarks were done for stress constraints and a few material models used in additive manufacturing.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Fiuk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mirosław W. Mrzygłód
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Opole University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, ul. Mikołajczyka 5, 45-271 Opole, Poland
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Abstract

The paper presents the results of research on the influence of the parameters of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) on the mechanical properties and geometric accuracy of angle-shaped parts. The samples were manufactured from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) on a universal machine. A complete factorial experiment was conducted. The results indicated that the critical technological parameter was the angular orientation of the sample in the working chamber of the machine. The results were compared with the results of research performed on simple rectangular samples. A significant similarity was found in the relationships between the FDM parameters and properties for both sample types.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wiesław Kuczko
1
ORCID: ORCID
Adam Hamrol
1
ORCID: ORCID
Radosław Wichniarek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Filip Górski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Michał Rogalewicz
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Piotrowo 3, 61-138 Poznan, Poland
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Abstract

Recently, 3D printing processes have been used to manufacture metal powder filters with manufacturing complex-shape. In this study, metal powder filters of various shapes were manufactured using the metal extrusion additive manufacturing (MEAM) process, which is used to manufacture three-dimensional structures by extruding a filament consisting of a metal powder and a binder. Firstly, filaments were prepared by appropriately mixing SUS316 powder with sizes ranging from 7.5 µm to 50 µm and a binder. These filaments were extruded at temperatures of 100℃ to 160℃ depending on the type of filament being manufactured, to form three types of cylindrical filter. Specimens were sintered in a high vacuum atmosphere furnace at 850℃ to 1050℃ for 1 hour after debinding. The specimens were analyzed for permeability using a capillary flow porometer, porosity was determined by applying Archimedes’ law and microstructure was observed using SEM.
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Authors and Affiliations

Yu-Jeong Yi
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Min-Jeong Lee
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Su-Jin Yun
1
ORCID: ORCID
Manho Park
3
ORCID: ORCID
Ju-Yong Kim
4
ORCID: ORCID
Jungwoo Lee
2
ORCID: ORCID
Jung-Yeul Yun
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Metal Powder Department, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
  2. Pusan National University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
  3. R&D Center, ASFLOW CO. Ltd, Hwasung, 16648, Republic of Korea
  4. 3DP R&D Center, REPROTECH, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
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Abstract

Quality of 3d model in simple way translates into quality of final product, obtained from 3d printing. 3d CAx software give possibility to create enormous number of shapes – doesn’t matter solids or surfaces. The question is where is the frontier between quality of 3d model and a value for money of the completed print? Is it always necessary to create as good model as possible? This paper will focus on preparation of 3d models, based on primitives and will show connection between quality of mesh, its size and deviations and quality of obtained samples, in same manufacturing conditions.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Tagowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Częstochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Technology and Automation, 21. Armii Krajowej Av., 42-201 Częstochowa, Poland

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