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Number of results: 11
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Abstract

The Ti-Zr and Ti-Zr/sol-gel were used as pretreatment layers before the electroless nickel coating on AM60B magnesium alloy. Scanning Electron Microscopy was employed to investigate the surface morphology of the pretreated layers and applied electroless coatings. Chemical analysis of the Ti-Zr layer, and nickel coatings was done using the Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy. Moreover, the X-ray Diffraction and Atomic Force Microscopy methods were utilized to evaluate the microstructure and surface roughness of the electroless coatings, respectively. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy was employed to study the corrosion behavior of Ni-P coatings. The results show that Ti-Zr layer has structural cracks, and the sol-gel film was covered all cracks entirely. The cauliflower-like electroless nickel coating was applied on both mentioned pretreated layers. The cross-sectional images revealed the higher thickness for the electroless coating on Ti-Zr/sol-gel layer, probably due to a large number of Ni nucleation centers. The EIS results demonstrate that the electroless coating on Ti-Zr/sol-gel has high corrosion protection and microhardness value.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zhale Nazari
1
ORCID: ORCID
Davod Seifzadeh
1
ORCID: ORCID
Zahra Rajabalizadeh
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Faculty of Science, Corrosion and Industrial Electrochemistry Research Laboratory, Ardabil-Iran
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Abstract

Aluminium based metal matrix composite (Al-MMC’s) are much popular in the field like automobile and aerospace industries, because of its ease of fabrication process and excellent mechanical properties. In this study, Al-Zn-Mg alloy composite reinforced with 3, 6 and 9 v % of zircon sand was synthesised by stir casting technique. The microstructure of the composites revealed uniform distribution of reinforced particles. Hardness, tensile strength and wear resistance of Al-Zn-Mg alloy/zircon sand composite were found to increase with increase in v % percentage of zircon sand. Scanning Electron Microscope analysis of wear tested sample surface of composites revealed no evidence of plastic deformation of matrix phase. Particle pulls out and abrasive wear was the common feature observed from all the composites.
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Authors and Affiliations

Satish Kumar T.
K. Krishna Kumar
S. Shalini
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Abstract

The paper presents the results of the experimental tests of Mg/Al bimetallic bars rolling process in classic and multi-radial modified round-oval-round passes. The bimetallic bar consist of magnesium core, grade AZ31 and aluminium outer layer, grade 1050A. The stocks were round bars with diameter 22.5 mm with an aluminium layer share of 28%. As a result of rolling in four passes, bars of a diameter of about 17 mm were obtained. A bimetallic feedstock was manufactured using an explosive welding method. The use of the designed arrangement of multi-radial modified stretching passes resulted in obtaining Mg/Al bimetallic bars with an uniform distribution of the cladding layer over the bar perimeter and high quality of shear strength between individual layers compared to Mg/Al bars obtained in the classic passes.

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Authors and Affiliations

S. Mróz
A. Stefanik
P. Szota
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Abstract

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of Sn addition on the mechanical and corrosion properties of Mg-1Zn-1Zr-xSn (x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 wt.%) alloys prepared by powder-in-tube rolling (PTR) method. The PTR-treated Mg alloys reached 98.3% of theoretical density. The hardness of the alloy increased with Sn addition. Two main intermetallic phases, Mg2Sn and Zn2Zr3, were formed in the alloys. The Mg2Sn intermetallic particles were observed along the grain boundaries, while the Zn2Zr3 particles were distributed in the Mg matrix. The addition of 1 wt. % Sn caused the corrosion potential to shift toward a more positive value, and the resulting alloy exhibited low corrosion current density.

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Authors and Affiliations

A. Zakiyuddin
K. Lee
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Abstract

In this paper, as a purpose to apply the supersaturated solid-solutionized Al-9Mg alloy to the structural sheet parts of automotive, tensile tests were conducted under the various conditions and a constitutive equation was derived from the tensile test results. Al-9Mg alloy was produced using a special Mg master alloy containing Al2Ca during the casting process and extruded into the sheet. In order to study the deformation behavior of Al-9Mg alloy in warm temperature forming environments, tensile tests were conducted under the temperature of 373 K-573 K and the strain rate of 0.001/s~0.1/s. In addition, by using the raw data obtained from tensile tests, a constitutive equation of the Al-9Mg alloy was derived for predicting the optimized condition of the hot stamping process. Al-9Mg alloy showed uncommon deformation behavior at the 373 K and 473 K temperature conditions. The calculated curves from the constitutive equation well-matched with the measured curves from the experiments particularly under the low temperature and high strain rate conditions.
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Bibliography

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[2] B.-H. Lee, S.-H. Kim, J.-H. Park, H.-W. Kim, J.-C. Lee, Materials Science and Engineering: A 657, 115-122 (2016). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2016.01.089
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[4] N.-S. Kim, K.-H. Choi, S.-Y. Yang, S.-H. Ha, Y.-O. Yoon, B.-H. Kim, H.-K. Lim, S.K. Kim, S.-K. Hyun, Metals 11, 288 (2021). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020288
[5] H. Wang, Y. Luo, P. Friedman, M. Chen, L. Gao, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 22, 1-7 (2012). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61131-X
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[9] S.-Y. Yang, D.-B. Lee, K.-H. Choi, N.-S. Kim, S.-H. Ha, B.- H. Kim, Y.-O. Yoon, H.-K. Lim, S.K. Kim, Y.-J. Kim, Metals 11, 410 (2021). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/met11030410
[10] Q. Dai, Y. Deng, H. Jiang, J. Tang, J. Chen, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 766, 138325 (2019). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2019.138325
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[15] https://www.sentesoftware.co.uk/site-media/flow-stress-curve
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Authors and Affiliations

Seung Y. Yang
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Bong H. Kim
1
ORCID: ORCID
Da B. Lee
1
Kweon H. Choi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Nam S. Kim
1
ORCID: ORCID
Seong H. Ha
1
Young O. Yoon
1
Hyun K. Lim
1
ORCID: ORCID
Shae Kim
1
Young J. Kim
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Advanced Process and Materials R&D Group, KITECH, 156 Gaetbeol Rd., Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, Korea
  2. Sungkyunkwan University, Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, SKKU, Suwon, Korea
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Abstract

This study suggests a new way to modify the size and morphology of Al-Fe phases in modified AA 7075 by using an Fe-Mn solid solution powder as the precursor. When Fe and Mn are added in the form of a solid solution, the diffusion of Fe and Mn toward the Al is delayed, thus altering the chemical composition and morphology of the precipitates. The fine, spherical precipitates are found to provide a good balance between strength and ductility compared to the case where Fe and Mn are separately added.
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Bibliography

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[7] A. Gesing, L. Berry, R. Dalton, R. Wolanski, Proceedings of the TMS 2002 Annual Meeting: Automotive Alloys and Aluminum Sheet and Plate Rolling and Finishing Technology Symposia, Warrendale, PA, USA, 18-21 February (2002) p. 3-15.
[8] S.G. Shabestari, J.E. Gruzleski, Cast Metals 6, 4, 217 (1994)
[9] W. Wang, R.G. Guan, Y. Wang, R.DK. Misra, B.W. Yang, Y.D. Li, T.J. Chen, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 751, 23 (2019)
[10] J. Mathew, G. Remy, M.A. Williams, F. Tang, P. Srirangam, JOM, 71, 12 (2019)
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[12] R.S. Rana, R. Purohit, S. Das, Int. J. Sci. Res. Pub. 2, 6 (2012)
[13] L. Li, Y.D. Zhang, C. Esling, H.X. Jiang, Z.H. Zhao, Y.B. Zuo, J.Z. Cui, J. Cryst. Growth. 339, 61 (2012).
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[16] L.G. Hou, C. Cui, J.S. Zhang, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 527, 23 (2010)
[17] S.G. Shabestari, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 383, 2, 289 (2004)
[18] D.R. Gaskell, Introduction to the Thermodynamics of materials, 5th edn. (Taylor & Francis Group, New York, 2008)
[19] P.W. Beaver, B.A. Parker, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 82, 217 (1986).
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Authors and Affiliations

Min Sang Kim
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Dae Young Kim
3
ORCID: ORCID
Young Do Kim
1
ORCID: ORCID
Hyun Joo Choi
3
ORCID: ORCID
Se Hoon Kim
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Hanyang University, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  2. Metallic Material R&D Center, Korea Automotive Technology Institute, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea
  3. Kookmin University, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract

In this study, to investigate effects of tin addition on the microstructures and corrosion properties, Zn-1Mg-xSn (x = 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 wt.%) ternary zinc alloys were prepared. The experimental results indicated that the Zn-1Mg-2.0 wt.% Sn alloy has the better mechanical properties compared with pure zinc and Zn-1Mg alloy. The tensile strength of the alloy material is 173.2±3.7 MPa, the yield strength is 120.7±2.4 MPa, the elongation is 5.64±0.08% and the hardness is 76.9±0.8 HV. The average degradation rate of the alloys immersion in SBF solution for 60 days is 0.16±0.03 mm/year, and the Zn-1Mg-2.0 wt.% Sn alloy hemolysis rate is only 0.81±0.02%. It is confirmed that the addition of tin is effective to improve the mechanical properties and degradation of Zn-1Mg alloy. It may be a candidate of the clinical application requirements of the degradable implant materials in orthopedics.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zhouling Long
1
ORCID: ORCID
Haiyang Lang
2
ORCID: ORCID
Jun Ou
2 3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, China
  2. Guilin University of Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering / Dental Clinic and Experimental Center of Medical Sciences, 12 Jianganroad, Guilin, 541004, Guilin, China
  3. Guilin Medical University, Experimental Center of Medical Sciences, 26, Huanchen Road Guilin, 541002, Guilin, China
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Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of hot-deformed AlMg4 alloys with Mn, Fe, and Si as the main impurities. For this purpose, solidification behavior and microstructural evolution during hot-rolling and heat-treatment processes are investigated by using theoretical calculations and experimental characterization. The crystallization and morphological transformation of intermetallic Al3Fe, Al6Mn, and Mg2Si phases are revealed and discussed in terms of the variation in chemical composition. Following a homogenization heat-treatment, the effect of heat treatment on the intermetallic compounds is also investigated after hot-rolling. It was revealed that the Mg2Si phase can be broken into small particles and spherodized more easily than the Al3Fe intermetallic phase during the hot-rolling process. For the Mn containing alloys, both yield and ultimate tensile strength of the hot-rolled alloys increased from 270 to 296 MPa while elongation decreased from 17 to 13%, which can be attributed to Mn-containing intermetallic as well as dispersoid.

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Authors and Affiliations

Da B. Lee
Bong H. Kim
ORCID: ORCID
Kweon H. Choi
ORCID: ORCID
Seung Y. Yang
ORCID: ORCID
Nam S. Kim
ORCID: ORCID
Seong H. Ha
Young O. Yoon
Hyun K. Lim
ORCID: ORCID
Shae Kim
Soong K. Hyun
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Abstract

The influence of the chill on the AlSi7Mg alloy properties after the heat treatment T6, was realised in the system of the horizontally cast plate of dimensions 160x240 mm and thickness of 10 and 15 m. The cooling course in individual casting zones was recorded, which allowed to determine the solidification rate. Castings were subjected to the heat treatment T6 process. Several properties of the alloy such as: hardness BHN, density, tensile strength UTS, elongation %E were determined. The microstructure images were presented and the structural SDAS parameter determined. The performed investigations as well as the analysis of the results allowed to determine the influence zone of the chill. The research shows that there is a certain dependence between the thickness of the casting wall and the influence zone of the chill, being not less than 2g, where g is the casting wall thickness. The next aim of successive investigations will be finding the confirmation that there is the dependence between the casting wall thickness and the influence zone of the chill for other thicknesses of walls. We would like to prove that this principle is of a universal character.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Piękoś
J. Zych
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Abstract

The current trend of continuous improvement of various components constantly pushes the development of new materials forward. The basic goal of research into new and better materials is to improve their properties compared to the original material. One of the essential properties of the newly developed aluminum alloys is their resistance to the formation of tearing. Tears appear during the solidification of the casting and break the integrity due to tension arising while cooling. Several factors influence the susceptibility to tearing, but they can be minimized and reduce the chance of their occurrence. As part of the experiment, the AlSi5Cu2Mg alloy was evaluated in four material variants, without additives (in the reference state), with the addition of transition elements Zr, Ti and their combination Zr + Ti. Susceptibility to the formation of teras was assessed using a qualitative method supplemented by microscopic analysis of the tear profile and determination of the dendritic coherence temperature. The evaluation shows that the addition of Zr increased the susceptibility to tear formation. On the contrary, the addition of Ti had a positive effect and reduced the susceptibility to the formation of tears. The effect of the addition of Zr and Ti in the AlSi5Cu2Mg alloy showed a similar values as without the addition of alloys (reference condition). Microstructural analysis of the tear profile pointed to the negative influence of phases rich in Zr. The subsequent evaluation of the dendritic coherence temperature of individual AlSi5Cu2Mg alloys did not show a correlation with the results of a quantitative evaluation of susceptibility to tears.
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Bibliography

[1] Bolibruchová, D. (2010). Foundry technology. Žilina: vydavateľstvo GEORG, ISBN 978-80-89401-14-7.
[2] Pastirčák, R., Bolibruchová, D., Sládek, A. (2015). Foundry theory. Žilina: EDIS-vydavateľské centrum ŽU, ISBN 978-80-554-1096-8.
[3] Wu, Q., (2012). Study of Hot Tearing in Cast and Wrought Aluminum Alloys. Dissertation thesis. Worchester: Faculty of the Worcester polytechnic institute, UK.
[4] Bruna, M. & Galčík, M. (2021). Casting Quality Improvement by Gating System Optimization. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 21(1). 132-136. DOI:10.24425/afe.2021.136089.
[5] Huang, H., Fu, P, Wang, Y., Peng, L. & Jiang, H. (2014). Effect of pouring and mold temperatures on hot tearing susceptibility of AZ91D and Mg–3Nd–0.2Zn–Zr Mg alloys. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China. 24(4), 922-929. DOI:10.1016/S1003-6326(14)63144-7.
[6] Campbell, J. (2015). Complete casting handbook: metal casting processes, metallurgy, techniques and design. Elsevier Science.
[7] Oh, S.H., A.H., Munkhdelger, Ch. & Kim, H.J. (2021). Effect of Cu content on hot tearing susceptibility in al-si-cu aluminum casting alloy. Journal of Korea Foundry Society. 41(5), 419-433.
[8] Bichler, L., Elsayed, A., Lee, K. & Ravindran, C. (2008). Influence of mold and pouring temperatures on hot tearing susceptibility of AZ91D magnesium alloy. International Journal of Metalcasting. 2, 43-54. DOI:10.1007/BF03355421.
[9] Hasan, A. & Suyitno, A. (2014). Effect pouring temperature on casting defect susceptibility of hot tearing in metal alloy Al-Si. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 758, 95-99. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.758.95.
[10] Djurdjevic, M.B. Sokolowski, J.H. & Odanovic Z. (2012). Determination of dendrite coherency point characteristics using first derivative curve versus temperature. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry volume. 109(2), 875-882. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2490-4.
[11] Gómez, I. V., Viteri, E. V. Montero, J., Djurdjevic, M. & Huber, G. (2018). The determination of dendrite coherency point characteristics using three new methods for aluminum alloys. Applied Sciences. 8(8), 1236, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8081236.
[12] Bolibruchová, D., Širanec, L. & Matejka, M. (2022). Selected properties of a Zr-containing AlSi5Cu2Mg alloy intended for cylinder head castings. Materials. 15(14), 4798, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15144798
[13] Bolibruchová, D., Kuriš, M., Matejka, M. & Kasińska, J. (2022). Study of the influence of zirconium, titanium and strontium on the properties and microstructure of AlSi7Mg0.3Cu0.5 alloy. Materials. 15(10), 3709, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15103709.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Matejka
1
ORCID: ORCID
D. Bolibruchová
1
ORCID: ORCID
E. Kantoríková
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Zilina, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Technological Engineering, Slovak Republic
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Abstract

This article deals with the fatigue properties of newly used AlZn10Si8Mg aluminium alloy where the main aim was to determine the

fatigue strength and compare it with the fatigue strength of AlSi7Mg0.3 secondary aluminium alloys which is used in the automotive

industry for cyclically loaded components. AlZn10Si8Mg aluminium alloy, also called UNIFONT 90, is self-hardening (without heat

treatments), which contributes to economic efficiency. This is one of the main reasons why is compared, and may be an alternative

replacement for AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy which is heat treated to achieve required mechanical properties. The experiment results show that the

fatigue properties of AlZn10Si8Mg alloy are comparable, if not better, than AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy. Fatigue properties of AlZn10Si8Mg alloy

are achieved after seven days of natural ageing, immediately after casting and achieving value of fatigue strength is caused by structural

components formed during solidification of the melt.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Vicen
E. Tillová
P. Fabian

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