The Włodawka River catchment of an area of 725 km2 covers the central and eastern part of the Łęczna-Włodawa Lake District. Evaluation of the role of hydrogenic areas in runoff creation was based on materials of the Department of Hydrography and the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management data. The analysis was conducted for selected catchments in which additional hydrometric measurements and water quality tests were done. Such parameters as: the share of hydrogenic surfaces in total catchment area, types of wetlands, their hypsometric location and position with reference to drainage streams were taken into consideration for evaluation. The degree of anthropogenic transformation of the marshland was expressed in terms of density and depth of the drainage ditches that dissect it. It was found that the drained gyttja of Krowie Bagno plays a considerable role in increasing the minimum discharge. Wetlands in the Włodawka River catchment influence the conditions of the runoff and water quality, which is noticeable, primarily, in the concentration of organic carbon, and of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds.
Ethnographic and ethnolinguistic atlases are one of the sources revealing the origins and transformations of traditional culture as a result of its spatial diversity. Atlas studies of folk culture have been conducted for many years in various European countries, often independently of each other. The main goal of the article is to present the state of atlas research in Poland and Russia devoted to folk demonology, in particular zmora and other mythological creatures with motifs in common. This topic has not been examined in detail within the context of comparative research possibilities; using the method of selected demonological motif mapping in both countries. Therefore, we constitute the first attempt to present the specifics and results of previous atlas research into the above-mentioned issue, as seen in the Polish Ethnographic Atlas and the Ethnolinguistic Atlas of the Polesie Region.
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