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Self-curing concrete under sulfate attack

A.A. Bashandy

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2016 | No 2 | 3-18

Keywords Self-Curing Polyethylene Glycol Sulfate durability Concrete

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Abstract

Self-curing concrete SC is a concrete type that can be cured without using any external curing regimes. It can perform by several methods such as using lightweight aggregate or chemical agents. In this research chemical curing agent is used to produce SC. This paper reports the results of a research study conducted to evaluate the effect of sulfates on the performance of self-curing concrete compared to ordinary concrete. Samples are immersed in sodium sulfate Na2S04 solution of 4% concentration. Results are measured in terms of compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and mass loss. It was found that the rate of strength loss is noticed at ordinary concrete compared to SC concrete. Sulfate resistance is improved when using self-curing concrete. This improvement appears to be dependent on using a chemical curing agent.

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A.A. Bashandy

Minimizing the explosion enthalpy of ammonium nitrate with polyethylene glycol and carboxymethyl cellulose to prevent terrorist attacks

Ahmet Ozan Gezerman

Chemical and Process Engineering | 2020 | vol. 41 | No 3 | 183-195 | DOI: 10.24425/cpe.2020.132541

Keywords Carboxymethyl cellulose polyethylene glycol ammonium nitrate detonation

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Abstract

The use of ammonium nitrate due to its high nitrogen content (> 26%) has made it the most utilized fertilizer in agricultural areas. However, being easily accessible with this feature encouraged its use for different purposes. Ammonium nitrate is usually produced with large tonnage (> 50 ton/h) and high cost (> $20 million) production processes. Therefore, any changes that can be made in the process must be applied in the process so that the result can be achieved easily without increasing the cost in any way. In this study, it is aimed to reduce the explosion sensitivity of ammonium nitrate used for explosive purposes in terrorist attacks. Thus, it was aimed to solve the problem by adding various chemicals to the ammonium nitrate production process so that it can only be used for agricultural purposes. For this purpose, the production process was examined by adding carboxymethyl cellulose and polyethylene glycol to the ammonium nitrate production process and the accuracy of the results was tested by instrumental analysis methods.

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Ahmet Ozan Gezerman

Hypersensitivity to polyethylene glycol (PEG)

Maria Czarnobilska Małgorzata Bulanda Magdalena Kurnik-Łucka Krzysztof Gil

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2021 | Vol. 61 | No 4 | 55-69 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2021.140004

Keywords polyethylene glycol PEG hypersensitivity to PEG Covid-19 vaccine

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Abstract

The need for mass population vaccination against Covid-19 poses a public health problem. Allergic symptoms occurring after the 1st dose of the vaccine may result in resignation from the admin-istration of the 2nd dose. However, the majority of patients with mild and/or non-immediate symptoms may be safely vaccinated. The only absolute contraindication to administration of the vaccine is an anaphylactic reaction to any of its ingredients. Polyethylene glycol (PEG), widely used as an excipient in various vaccines, is considered the primary cause of allergic reactions associated with administration of Comirnaty (Pfizer/BioNTech) and Covid-19 Vaccine (Moderna) vaccines. However, hypersensitivity to PEG reported to date seems very rare, considering its widespread use in multiple everyday products, including medicines and cosmetics. In the paper, current literature data describing mechanisms of hy-persensitivity reactions to PEG, their clinical symptoms and diagnostic capabilities are presented. Un-doubtedly, the issue of hypersensitivity to PEG warrants further research, while patients with the diagnosis require individual diagnostic and therapeutic approach.

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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Maria Czarnobilska

Małgorzata Bulanda

Magdalena Kurnik-Łucka

Krzysztof Gil

Department of Pathophysiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Department of Clinical and Environmental Allergology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Characterization of SnO ₂/TiO ₂ with the Addition of Polyethylene Glycol via Sol-Gel Method for Self-Cleaning Application

Dewi Suriyani Che Halin A. Azliza Kamrosni Abdul Razak Mohd Mustafa Albakri Abdullah Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh Juyana A Wahab V. Chobpattana L. Kaczmarek M. Nabiałek B. Jeż

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2023 | vol. 68 | No 1 | 243-248 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2023.141500

Keywords TiO2 SnO2 Thin Film polyethylene glycol Self-Cleaning

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Abstract

TiO2 is one of the most widely used metal oxide semiconductors in the field of photocatalysis for the self-cleaning purpose to withdraw pollutants. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is recommended as a stabilizer and booster during preparation of water-soluble TiO2. Preparation of SnO2/TiO2 thin film deposition on the surface of ceramic tile was carried out by the sol-gel spin coating method by adding different amount of PEG (0g, 0.2g, 0.4g, 0.6g, 0.8g) during the preparation of the sol precursor. The effects of PEG content and the annealing temperature on the phase composition, crystallite size and the hydrophilic properties of SnO2/TiO2 films were studied. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra revealed different phases existed when the films were annealed at different annealing temperatures of 350°C, 550°C and 750°C with 0.4 g of PEG addition. The crystallite sizes of the films were measured using Scherrer equation. It shows crystallite size was dependent on crystal structure existed in the films. The films with mixed phases of brookite and rutile shows the smallest crystallite size. In order to measure the hydrophilicity properties of films, the water contact angles for each film with different content of PEG were measured. It can be observed that the water contact angle decreased with the increasing of the content of PEG. It shows the superhydrophilicity properties for the films with the 0.8 g of PEG annealed at 750°C. This demonstrates that the annealed temperature and the addition of PEG affect the phase composition and the hydrophilicity properties of the films.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dewi Suriyani Che Halin

1 2

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A. Azliza

1 2

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Kamrosni Abdul Razak

1 2

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ORCID:

Mohd Mustafa Albakri Abdullah

1 2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh

1 2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Juyana A Wahab

1 2

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V. Chobpattana

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L. Kaczmarek

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M. Nabiałek

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B. Jeż

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Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Center of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Perlis, Malaysia
Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Perlis Malaysia
Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi (RMUTT), Faculty of Engineering, Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Thailand
Lodz University of Technology (TUL), Institute of Materials Science and Engineering,1/15, Stefanowskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland
Czestochowa University of Technology, Department of Physics, 19 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland

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Self-curing concrete under sulfate attack

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

Minimizing the explosion enthalpy of ammonium nitrate with polyethylene glycol and carboxymethyl cellulose to prevent terrorist attacks

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

Hypersensitivity to polyethylene glycol (PEG)

Abstract

Bibliography

Authors and Affiliations

Characterization of SnO 2/TiO 2 with the Addition of Polyethylene Glycol via Sol-Gel Method for Self-Cleaning Application

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

Characterization of SnO ₂/TiO ₂ with the Addition of Polyethylene Glycol via Sol-Gel Method for Self-Cleaning Application