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Numerical prediction of the effects of miniature channelshaped scratches on the fracture behaviour of wiresfor civil engineering applications using finite elementanalysis

K.K. Adewole S.J. Bull
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2014 | No 2 | 181-194
Keywords wires Failure analysis finite element Fracture behaviour Scratches
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Abstract

The effects of the miniature channel-shaped scratches not detectable by the present inline electromagnetic defect detection system employed for wires’ surface defect detection on the fracture behaviour of the wires for civil engineering applications were investigated numerically. Finite element analysis revealed that both miniature channel-shaped across-the-thickness and across-the-width scratches change the fracture behaviour of the wires in terms of the fracture initiation locations and fracture process sequence. However, miniature across-the-thickness scratches does not affect the fracture shape of the wire while miniature across-the-width scratches changed the wires’ cup and cone fracture to a fracture shape with a predominantly flat fracture. These results provide an understanding of the fracture behaviour of wires with miniature scratches and serve as an alternative or a complimentary tools to experimental or fractographic failure analysis of wires with miniatures scratches which are difficult to carry out in the laboratory due to the sizes of the scratches.

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Authors and Affiliations

K.K. Adewole
S.J. Bull

Evaluation of the Possibility to Improve the Scratch Resistance of the AZ91 Alloy by Applying a Coating

Marek Mróz Sylwia Olszewska Patryk Rąb
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2023 | vol. 23 | No 4 | 157-162 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.146690
Keywords AZ91 magnesium alloy WCCoCr coating Microstructure Scratch test
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Abstract

This paper presents the possibility of improving the scratch resistance of the AZ91 magnesium alloy by applying a WCCoCr coating using the Air Plasma Spraying (APS) method. The coating thickness ranged from 140 to 160 m. Microstructural studies of the AZ91 magnesium alloy were performed. The chemical composition of the WCCoCr powder was investigated. The quality of the bond at the substrate–coating interface was assessed and a microanalysis of the chemical composition of the coating was conducted. The scratch resistance of the AZ91 alloy and the WCCoCr coating was determined. The scratch resistance of the WCCoCr powder-based coating is much higher than the AZ91 alloy, as confirmed by scratch geometry measurements. The scratch width in the coating was almost three times smaller compared to the scratch in the substrate. Observations of the substrate–coating interface in the scratch area indicate no discontinuities. The absence of microcracks and delamination at the transition of the scratch from the substrate to the coating indicates good adhesion. On the basis of the study, it was found that there was great potential to use the WCCoCr powder coating to improve the abrasion resistance of castings made from the AZ91 alloy.
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Bibliography

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[5] Liu, B., Yang, J., Zhang, X., Yang, Q., Zhang, J., Li, X. (2022). Development and application of magnesium alloy parts for automotive OEMs: A review. Journal of Magnesium and Alloys. 11(1), 15-47. DOI: 10.1016/j.jma.2022.12.015.
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[7] Prasad, S.V.S., Prasad, S.B., Verma, K., Mishra, R.K., Kumar, V. & Singh, S. (2021). The role and significance of Magnesium in modern day research – A review. Journal of Magnesium and alloys. 10(1), 1-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.jma.2021.05.012.
[8] Blawert, C., Hort, N. & Kainer, K.U. (2004). Automotive applications of magnesium and its alloys. Transaction of the Indian Institute of Metals. 57(4), 397-408.
[9] Chen, H. & Alpas A.T. (2000). Sliding wear map for the magnesium alloy Mg-9Al-0.9Zn (AZ91). Wear. 246(1-2), 106-116. DOI: 10.1016/S0043-1648(00)00495-6.
[10] Walczak, M., Caban, J. & Pliżga, P. (2015). Tribological characteristic of magnesium alloys used in means of transport. TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego. 22(12), 1614-1617.
[11] Parco, M., Zhao, L., Zwick, J., Bobzin, K. & Lugscheider, E. (2007). Investigation of particle flattening behaviour and bonding mechanisms of APS sprayed coatings on magnesium alloys. Surface and Coating Technology. 201(14), 6290-6296. DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.11.034.
[12] Morelli, S., Rombol`a, G., Bolelli, G., Lopresti, M., Puddu, P, Boccaleri, E., Seralessandri, L., Palin, L., Testa, V., Milanesio, M. & Lusvarghi, L. (2022). Hard ultralight systems by thermal spray deposition of WC-CoCr onto AZ31 magnesium alloy. Surface and Coating Technology. 451, 129056 1-26. DOI.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2022.129056.
[13] Gray, J.E. & Luan, B. (2002). Protective coatings on magnesium and its alloys – a critical review. Journal of Allys and Compounds. 336(1-2), 88-113. DOI: 10.1016/S0925 8388(01)01899-0.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Mróz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sylwia Olszewska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Patryk Rąb
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland

The Effect of BN or SiC Addition on PEO Properties of Coatings Formed on AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

D. Pelczar P. Długosz P. Darłak A. Szewczyk-Nykiel M. Nykiel M. Hebda
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2022 | vol. 67 | No 1 | 147-154 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2022.137483
Keywords composite oxide film abrasive wear resistance corrosion behavior scratch resistance protective coatings
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Abstract

Currently, due to the economic and ecological aspects, light alloys are increasingly important construction material, in particular in the transport industry. One of the popular foundry magnesium alloys is the alloy AZ91, which among others due to mechanical properties and technological features, is used, for example, for light structural parts.
The paper presents the results of research on modification of the AZ91 alloy surface layer in the plasma electrolytic oxidation process. The change of usable properties of the produced coatings was obtained by introducing additions of silicon carbide or boron nitride. The thickness and hardness of the protective layers produced, resistance to scratches and corrosion resistance were determined. Moreover, the friction coefficient of the coating-steel pair was investigated. The quality of the connections made between the coating and the substrate, i.e. the magnesium alloy, was also evaluated. The results obtained for coatings with silicon carbide or boron nitride additives were always compared to the results obtained for unmodified samples.
On the basis of the obtained results, it was shown that the introduction of boron nitride additive to the AZ91 alloy coating produced in the plasma electrolytic oxidation process significantly improves the resistance to: (i) corrosion and (ii) abrasive wear of the coating.
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Authors and Affiliations

D. Pelczar
1
P. Długosz
2
ORCID: ORCID
P. Darłak
2
ORCID: ORCID
A. Szewczyk-Nykiel
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Nykiel
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Hebda
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Department of Materials Engineering, 24 Warszawska St r., 31-155 Krakow, Poland
  2. Centre of Casting Technology, Research Network Lukasiewicz-Krakow Institute of Technology, Zakopiańska 73, 30-418 Krakow, Poland

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