The text, inspired by the book in question, is devoted to contemporary investigations of Slovak terrain names, presenting them to the Polish reader. The main questions discussed are perspectives of a study of the archaic lexical stock, chiefly of Slavic origin, conserved in Slovak toponymy, as well as the current organization of the dictionary entry, which is judged to be far from optimal. Some corrections to the entries in A- regarding concrete etymological solutions are suggested as well.

Following G. Bellmann, the article divides the German loanwords in Czech and Slovak roughly into two groups, namely those lexical units that represent a basic code extension (= type A) and those that are used immediately after adoption as (approximately) synonymous lexical duplicates of already existing designations (= type B). While type A words have the best chances of lasting integration, type B words elicit a competitive situation between old and new designations, which can result in substitution, negative integration or semantic diversification. Furthermore, the paper deals with idiosyncrasies of German loanword integration such as the expressiveness of German loanwords in Czech and Slovak and the emotional attitude towards German loanwords in those languages. The article also discusses the causality of displacement and substitution of German loanwords, subsequently elaborates on the loss of terms and realities, the change in domain-specific language use, the role of language awareness and language culture, the loss of immediate contact areas as well as the question of prestige, and concludes with an outlook on future developments.

In the introductory part of the article, the author discusses Slovak dial. pomidlo ‘plum jam; tree gum’ (Šariš region, north‑east Slovakia) which, in his opinion, is a corruption of an original * povidlo. It is not clear whether the Slovak word is a native cognate of Polish powidła ‘sort of jam (made mostly from plums)’ and Czech povidla ‘id.’; it might also be a local loanword of Polish origin. The author subsequently gives a survey of the existing attempts at etymological interpretation of the aforementioned Polish and Czech lexemes. According to W. Boryś, they go back to * povidlo as an original nomen instrumenti derived from * po‑viti (prefixal derivative of Proto‑Slavic * viti ‘twist, wind’, probably also used to denote the circular movements made with a spoon, etc. while constantly stirring the boiling fruit mass); the original meaning should thus be reconstructed as ‘jam made with the use of a * povidlo (stirring instrument)’. The author of the present study interprets the proto‑form * povidlo as a nomen actionis (i.e., ‘the action of stirring’) which underwent a further semantic shift ‘nomen actionis’ > ‘nomen acti (nomen resultati)’, i.e. ‘(the action of) stirring’ > ‘jam (made by stirring the fruit mass)’; cf. Russian varen'e ‘preserve, jam, confiture’ < ‘(the action of) cooking’.

The text discusses parallels in the semantic development of the Proto‑Slavic lexemes * brudъ and bridъ – parallels which are common to East Slovak dialects, the Polish linguistic area and Eastern Slavic Languages (Ukrainian and Belarusian). The article features an analysis of these lexical units which are a part of the Polish language and appear in the Eastern Slovak dialect – one of the three basic groups of Slovak dialects, and which have a similar development to that observed in East Slavic Languages. The aim is to trace the semantic development of the words studied in the area in question, and the establishment of the nature of the interlinguistic relations which occur in the situations discussed.