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Abstract

This paper studied the concept of the habitability of buildings as a sustainability factor in the living environment, particularly in the city of Bogotá. The habitability factor stems from the relationship between human beings, the cultural dimension and the environment. Thus, we can say that the habitability factor is an important element in the building design process. Currently in Bogotá there are buildings that do not meet the requirements of the population. In Bogotá only 40% of buildings are of a good quality and a great number of newly produced buildings have made for lower quality living spaces. Consequently, it is important to give an adequate response to these kinds of demands. For thase reasons, this study created a model to evaluate the habitability factor of buildings. This model gives some guidelines for designing sustainable buildings and implementing stategies to design a better urban habitat. Finally, the Habitability model was tested as a pilot in the Primero de Mayo neighbourhood, which is located in the fourth district of Bogotá. The neighbourhood was classified as a cultural heritage site by city hall.
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Authors and Affiliations

Rolando-Arturo Cubillos-González
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Abstract

This paper discusses the idea of combining a photovoltaic system with a heating film system to heat residential buildings. The analysis was performed for a newly built single-family house in Warsaw or its vicinity. The authors have selected the size of the photovoltaic installation, calculated the costs incurred by the user for the installation of a hybrid system, which were additionally compared to the cost of installing a gas installation (gas boiler) used for heating the building. The calculations were made for a single-family house with a usable area of 120 m2, the demand for utility energy for heating purposes in the newly built house was in the range of 10–50 kWh/m2/year. Based on the adopted parameters, the authors evaluated the economic efficiency of both investments (solutions) determining their net present values (NPV). The analysis takes the energy needed only for heating purposes into account.
NPV for a heating system with a gas boiler with an investment outlay EUR 8,000 for buildings purchased for utility energy in the amount of 20 kWh/m2/year and the price for natural gas EUR 0.04 /kWh will be EUR –10,500 (for 15 years, discount rate r = 3%). For the same thermal needs (energy required) of the building, NPV for heating films + photovoltaic (HF + PV) will amount to – EUR 8,100. Comparing the variants will get a EUR 2,400 higher NPV for HF + PV. With a utility energy demand for heating purpose of 50 kWh/m2/year and gas heating installation investment cost of EUR 7,000, the NPV for both variants will be equal for natural gas price = EUR 0.035/kWh.
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Bibliography

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Columbus Energy 2021. Photovoltaic. [Online] https://columbusenergy.pl/ [Accessed: 2021-02-15].
COM(2020) 562 final. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Stepping up Europe’s 2030 climate ambition. Investing in a climate-neutral future for the benefit of our people. [Online] https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52020DC0562 [Accssessed: 2021- -05-14].
Gas boilers 2021. [Online] https://kotly.pl/kotly/ [Accessed: 2021-02-16].
Journal of Laws 2015, item 376. Ordinance of the Minister of Infrastructure and Development of February 27, 2015 On the methodology for determining the energy performance of a building or part of a building and energy performance certificates (Dz.U. 2015, poz. 376, Rozporządzenie Ministra Infrastruktury i Rozwoju z dnia 27 lutego 2015 r. W sprawie metodologii wyznaczania charakterystyki energetycznej budynku lub części budynku oraz świadectw charakterystyki energetycznej). Warszawa (in Polish).
JRC European Comission 2017. Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS).
Koval et al. 2019a – Koval, V., Sribna, Y. and Gaska, K. 2019. Energy Cooperation Ukraine-Poland to Strengthen Energy Security. E3S Web of Conferences 132, DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/201913201009.
Koval et al. 2019b – Koval, V., Sribna, Y., Mykolenko, O. and Vdovenko, N. 2019. Environmentalconcept of energy security solutions of local communities based on energy logistics. 19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2019, 19(5.3), pp. 283–290, DOI: 10.5593/sgem2019/5.3/S21.036. Kryzia, D. and Pepłowska, M. 2019. The impact of measures aimed at reducing low-stack emission in Poland on the energy efficiency and household emission of pollutants. Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 22(2), pp. 121–132, DOI: 10.33223/epj/109912.
Kryzia et al. 2020 – Kryzia, D., Kopacz, M. and Kryzia, K. 2020. The Valuation of the Operational Flexibility of the Energy Investment Project Based on a Gas-Fired Power Plant. Energies 13(7), DOI: 10.3390/en13071567.
Matuszewska et al. 2017 – Matuszewska, D., Kuta, M. and Górski, J. 2017. Cogeneration – Development and prospect in Polish energy sector. E3S Web of Conferences 14, 01021, DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/ 20171401021.
Ministry of Climate 2020. Ministry of Climate and Environment 2020. Poland’s energy policy until 2040 (Polityka energetyczna Polski do 2040 r.). [Online] https://www.gov.pl/web/klimat/minister- kurtyka-polityka-energetyczna-polski-do-2040-r-udziela-odpowiedzi-na-najwazniejsze-wyzwania- stojace-przed-polska-energetyka-w-najblizszych-dziesiecioleciach [Accessed: 2021-01-21] (in Polish).
Ministry of Development 2019. Typical Reference Year (Typowy rok referencyjny). [Online] https://archiwum.miir.gov.pl/strony/zadania/budownictwo/charakterystyka-energetyczna-budynkow/dane-do-obliczen-energetycznych-budynkow-1/ [Accessed: 2020-08-10] (in Polish).
Mirowski, T. and Sornek, K. 2015. Potential of prosumer power engineering in Poland by example of micro PV installation in private construction (Potencjał energetyki prosumenckiej w Polsce na przykładzie mikroinstalacji fotowoltaicznych w budownictwie indywidualnym). Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 18(2), pp. 73–84 (in Polish).
Natural Gas Price 2021. [Online] http://www.cena-pradu.pl/gaz.html [Accessed: 2021-02-15].
Shmygol et al. 2020 – Shmygol, N., Schiavone, F., Trokhymets, O., Pawliszczy, D., Koval, V., Zavgorodniy, R. and Vorfolomeiev, A. 2020. Model for assessing and implementing resource-efficient strategy of industry. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2713.
Szurlej et al. 2014 – Szurlej, A., Kamiński, J., Janusz, P., Iwicki, K. and Mirowski, T. 2014. Gas-fired power generation in Poland and energy security (Rozwój energetyki gazowej w Polsce a bezpieczeństwo energetyczne). Rynek Energii 6, pp. 33–38 (in Polish).
Tytko, R. 2019. Heating the building by foil and electrical matts (Ogrzewanie budynku za pomocą folii i mat elektrycznych). Aura 8, pp. 18–21 (in Polish).
Żelazna et al. 2020 – Żelazna, A., Gołębiowska, J., Zdyb, A. and Pawłowski, A. 2020. A hybrid vs. on-grid photovoltaic system: Multicriteria analysis of environmental, economic, and technical aspects in life cycle perspective. Energies 13(15), 3978, DOI: 10.3390/en13153978.
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Authors and Affiliations

Krystian Majchrzak
1 2
Monika Pepłowska
3
ORCID: ORCID
Piotr Olczak
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
  2. Instaway Institute, Warszawa, Poland
  3. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

The article presents the results of investigation of mechanical and thermal properties of lightweight concrete with waste copper slag as fine aggregate. The obtained results were compared with the results of concrete of the same composition in which natural fine aggregate (river sand) was used. The thermal properties tests carried out with the ISOMET 2114 device included determination of the following values: thermal conductivity coefficient, thermal volume capacity and thermal diffusivity. After determining the material density, the specific heat values were also calculated. The thermal parameters were determined in two states of water saturation: on fully saturated material and dried to constant mass at 65°C. Compressive strength, open porosity and bulk density are given as supplementary values. The results of the conducted research indicate that replacing sand with waste copper slag allows to obtain concrete of higher ecological values, with similar mechanical parameters and allowing to obtain significant energy savings in functioning of cubature structures made of it, due to a significantly lower value of thermal conductivity coefficient.
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Authors and Affiliations

Roman Jaskulski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Piotr Dolny
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yaroslav Yakymechko
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry, ul. Łukasiewicza 17, 09-400 Płock, Poland
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Abstract

The following work analyzes the effect of the composition of a hemp-lime composite on key mechanical and physical properties. The article contains results from testing the compressive strength, vapor permeability, and thermal conductivity of the composite, depending on the composition of the mix. The mixes differed from each other in binder composition and in the proportion of binder to hemp shives. The obtained results were compared with the results from other scientific literature. Based on this, conclusions were drawn that the binder composition is of secondary importance for the analyzed physical and mechanical properties of the hemp-lime composite. The main property that determines the values of the thermal conductivity coefficient as well as the compression strength is the density of the material, which depends on the proportion of binder to aggregate and the level of compaction of the mix. The value of the diffusion resistance coefficient of the analyzed material was very low regardless of the composition of the composite.

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Authors and Affiliations

Wojciech Piątkiewicz
Piotr Narloch
Barbara Pietruszka
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Abstract

Research and development of energy-efficient materials have been essential for sustainable infrastructure growth. A considerable amount of money is being spent on various energy stabilization techniques worldwide to attain thermal comfort in buildings. Thus, lowering the energy demand through green materials is vital to save energy and the environment. In this paper, a new form of Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) has been developed and referred to as Ferro Cellular Lightweight Concrete Insulated Panel (FCIP). Comparative thermal efficiency and acoustic performance of FCIP and brick masonry walls have been tested experimentally. The thermal results show that FCIP allows just 2 deg C rise in the internal temperature of the room chamber in two hours, whereas the brick masonry allows 9.5 deg C rise in the internal temperature of the room chamber for the same period. Similarly, the acoustic results show that FCIP has 0.85 sound absorption coefficient compared to 0.2 for brick masonry wall. Further, the cost-benefit analysis was conducted based on the electricity consumption results of a building produced by the eQuest energy simulation program. The outcome shows that the building’s lifetime running cost gets reduced to 50% when FCIP replaces the concrete/brick masonry envelope.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Yasir Khan
1
ORCID: ORCID
Abdul Baqi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Rehan Sadique
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Dept. of Civil Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Abstract

This paper analyses multi-criteria methods for assessing sustainable buildings and their impact on the ecological quality of the built environment. The aim is to define assessment standards in multi-criteria methods and to demonstrate that civil structures designed and built in accordance with established standards and procedures increase the ecological value of the built environment and the comfort of the inhabitants within it. The methods chosen for the analysis were mainly those enjoying the greatest prestige among users, planners, designers and investors. Selected methods were analysed and verified to propose the author’s building assessment model and verification thereof in the design process on the example of the presented projects. The building assessment methods analysed were shown to have a positive impact on the design process and the environmental quality of the built environment. Quality improvement takes place through: pro-environmental land use, improved energy and water efficiency, improved efficiency in the use of materials and resources, preference for local materials and technologies, preference for eco-innovation, increased comfort for users and residents and their participation in the design and evaluation process of the built environment.
A complementary objective is to promote knowledge of sustainable design methodologies that can result in the creation of environmentally friendly architecture that influences the quality of the residential environment and the comfort of residents.
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Authors and Affiliations

Lucjan Wacław Kamionka
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Kielce University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture

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