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Dye removal from textile waste water using potato starch:parametric optimization using Taguchi design of experiments

Syed Waqas Ahmad M. Shahzad Zafar Sajjad Ahmad Muhammad Mohsin Haji Ghulam Qutab
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2018 | vol. 44 | No 2
Keywords Optimization potato starch Taguchi method spent dye
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Authors and Affiliations

Syed Waqas Ahmad
M. Shahzad Zafar
Sajjad Ahmad
Muhammad Mohsin
Haji Ghulam Qutab

Optimization of Micro-Alloying Elements for Mechanical Properties in Normalized Cast Steel Using Taguchi Technique

B. Chokkalingam V. Raja J. Anburaj R. Immanual M. Dhineshkumar
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2017 | vol. 17 | No 2 | DOI: 10.1515/afe-2017-0070
Keywords mechanical properties Normalized cast steel Micro-alloying Taguchi method Microstructure
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Abstract

In this study, Taguchi method is used to find out the effect of micro alloying elements like vanadium, niobium and titanium on the

hardness and tensile strength of the normalized cast steel. Based on this method, plan of experiments were made by using orthogonal

arrays to acquire the data on hardness and tensile strength. The signal to noise ratio and analysis of variance (ANOVA) are used to

investigate the effect of these micro alloying elements on these two mechanical properties of the micro alloyed normalized cast steel. The

results indicated that in the micro alloyed normalized cast steel both these properties increases when compared to non-micro-alloyed

normalized cast steel. The effect of niobium addition was found to be significantly higher to obtain higher hardness and tensile strength

when compared to other micro alloying elements. The maximum hardness of 200HV and the maximum tensile strength of 780 N/mm2

were obtained in 0.05%Nb addition micro alloyed normalized cast steel. Micro-alloyed with niobium normalized cast steel have the finest

and uniform microstructure and fine pearlite colonies distributed uniformly in the ferrite. The optimum condition to obtain higher hardness

and tensile strength were determined. The results were verified with experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

B. Chokkalingam
V. Raja
J. Anburaj
R. Immanual
M. Dhineshkumar

Design of grippers for laparoscopic surgery and optimization of experimental parameters for maximum tissue weight holding capacity

Ş. Ertürk G. Samtaş
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2019 | 67 | No. 6 | 1125-1132 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2019.130894
Keywords Laparoscopic gripper noncontact gripper tissue type Taguchi method optimization
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Abstract

Grippers are routinely used to hold, lift and move organs in laparoscopic operations. They are generally toothed to prevent organs from slipping during retention. Organs held by grippers are always at risk of being damaged by the clamping force. In this study, noncontact grippers working with the Bernoulli principle and using air pressure were developed, and vacuum performance was compared in terms of maximum tissue weight holding capacity. For this purpose, Taguchi method was employed for experimental design and optimization, and Taguchi L16 orthogonal array was selected for experimental design. The experimental parameters were 4 gripper types, 4 air-pressure levels (3.5, 4.5, 5, and 5.5 bar), 4 flow rates (2.2, 2.6, 2.8 and 3 m3/h) and two animal tissue types (ventriculus/gizzard and skin). Values from the experimental procedures were evaluated using signal-to-noise ratio, analysis of variance and three-dimension graphs. An equation was obtained by using 3rd-order polynomial regression model for weight values. Optimization reliability was tested by validation tests and the revealed test results were within the estimated confidence interval. The results obtained from this study are important for future studies in terms of organ injury prevention due to traditional grippers in laparoscopic surgery.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ş. Ertürk
G. Samtaş

Optimization of process parameters during end milling and prediction of work piece temperature rise

N.L. Bhirud R.R. Gawande
Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2017 | vol. 64 | No 3 | 327-346 | DOI: 10.1515/meceng-2017-0020
Keywords dry end milling Al 6063 Taguchi method ANOVA regression analysis
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Abstract

During the machining processes, heat gets generated as a result of plastic deformation of metal and friction along the tool–chip and tool–work piece interface. In materials having high thermal conductivity, like aluminium alloys, large amount of this heat is absorbed by the work piece. This results in the rise in the temperature of the work piece, which may lead to dimensional inaccuracies, surface damage and deformation. So, it is needed to control rise in the temperature of the work piece. This paper focuses on the measurement, analysis and prediction of work piece temperature rise during the dry end milling operation of Al 6063. The control factors used for experimentation were number of flutes, spindle speed, depth of cut and feed rate. The Taguchi method was employed for the planning of experimentation and L18 orthogonal array was selected. The temperature rise of the work piece was measured with the help of K-type thermocouple embedded in the work piece. Signal to noise (S/N) ratio analysis was carried out using the lower-the-better quality characteristics. Depth of cut was identified as the most significant factor affecting the work piece temperature rise, followed by spindle speed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to find out the significant parameters affecting the work piece temperature rise. ANOVA results were found to be in line with the S/N ratio analysis. Regression analysis was used for developing empirical equation of temperature rise. The temperature rise of the work piece was calculated using the regression equation and was found to be in good agreement with the measured values. Finally, confirmation tests were carried out to verify the results obtained. From the confirmation test it was found that the Taguchi method is an effective method to determine optimised parameters for minimization of work piece temperature.

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Authors and Affiliations

N.L. Bhirud
1
R.R. Gawande
2
  1. Research Scholar, Bapurao Deshmukh College of Engineering, RSTMU, Nagpur and Mechanical Engineering Dept, Sandip Institute of Engineering & Management, Savitribai Phule Pune University, India.
  2. Mechanical Engineering Dept, Bapurao Deshmukh College of Engineering, RSTMU, Nagpur, India

Optimization of geometric and flow parameters of solar air heater roughened with artificial roughness by Taguchi method

Mukesh Kumar Sahu Shivam Mishra Avinash Kumar
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2023 | vol. 44 | No 3 | 3-33 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2023.147535
Keywords Roughness Nusselt number Friction factor Taguchi method Optimization
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Abstract

The paper presents the investigation of the optimum design parameters of a solar air heater (SAH) having wire ribs as artificial roughness by using the Taguchi method. The solar air heater has arc shape roughness geometry with apex upstream flow on the absorber plate. The objective of this paper is to obtain a set of parameters that deliver maximum thermo-hydraulic performance. For this objective, a new parameter the thermo-hydraulic improvement parameter ( ηTHIP), has been introduced. For the present analysis, the effects of Reynolds number (Re), relative roughness pitch ( P/e), angle of attack ( α), and relative roughness height ( e/Dh), denoted by A, B, C, and D, respectively, have been considered. An ( L 18 = 6 1 · 3 2) orthogonal array (OA) was chosen as an experimental plan for applying the Taguchi method. The set of control factors for the solar air heater SAH which delivers the maximum Nusselt number (Nu), and minimum friction factor ( fr) – are A 6B 2C 2, and A 1B 1C 3 respectively. To obtain the maximum THIP the experimental set-up requires only one single run using the parameter A 6B 2C 2, hence there is no need to run it all 54 times.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mukesh Kumar Sahu
1
Shivam Mishra
2
Avinash Kumar
1
  1. Cambridge Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tatisilwai, Ranchi, Jharkhand, Pin-835103, India
  2. G L Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, Pin-201308, India

Impact of the Different Moulding Parameters on Properties of the Green Sand Mould

Dheya Abdulamer
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2023 | vol. 23 | No 2 | 5-9 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.144288
Keywords Green sand Compactability Tensile strength Permeability Taguchi method
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Abstract

Sand Casting process depends mainly on properties of the green sand mould, sand casting requires requires producing green sand mould without failure and breakage during separation the mould from the model, transportation and handling. Production of the green sand mould corresponding to dimensions and form of the desired model without troubles depends on the properties of the green sand. Ratio of constituents, preparation method of the green sand, mixing and pressing processes determine properties of green sand. In the present work, study effect of the moulding parameters of bentonite content, mixing time, and compactability percentage on the properties of the green sand mould have been investigated. Design of experiments through Taguchi method was used to evaluate properties of permeability, compressive strength, and tensile strength of the green sand. It was found that 47% of compactability, 9(min) of mixing time, and 6% of bentonite content gives highest values of these properties simultaneously.
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Authors and Affiliations

Dheya Abdulamer
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. University of Technology, Iraq

Investigations on the effects of nitrogen gas in CNC machining of SS304 using Taguchi and Firefly Algorithm

P. Prasanth T. Sekar M. Sivapragash
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | No. 1 | e136211 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2020.136211
Keywords SS304 alloy turning Taguchi method optimization Firefly Algorithm
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Abstract

This work attempts to use nitrogen gas as a shielding gas at the cutting zone, as well as for cooling purposes while machining stainless steel 304 (SS304) grade by Computer Numerical Control (CNC) lathe. The major influencing parameters of speed, feed and depth of cut were selected for experimentation with three levels each. Totally 27 experiments were conducted for dry cutting and N2 gaseous conditions. The major influencing parameters are optimized using Taguchi and Firefly Algorithm (FA). The improvement in obtaining better surface roughness and Material Removal Rate (MRR) is significant and the confirmation results revealed that the deviation of the experimental results from the empirical model is found to be within 5%. A significant improvement of reduction of the specific cutting energy by 2.57 % on average was achieved due to the reduction of friction at the cutting zone by nitrogen gas in CNC turning of SS 304 alloy.

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Authors and Affiliations

P. Prasanth
1
T. Sekar
2
M. Sivapragash
3
  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tagore Institute of Engineering and Technology, Deviyakurichi, Salem – 636112, Tamilnadu, India
  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore – 641013, Tamilnadu, India
  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universal College of Engineering and Technology, Vallioor, Tirunelveli – 627117, Tamilnadu, India

Determining parameters to optimize the pulling force for the luffing jib tower cranes by Taguchi method

Truong Giang Duong
Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2023 | vol. 70 | No 3 | 387-407 | DOI: 10.24425/ame.2023.146845
Keywords geometric size luffing jib optimal technique pulling force Taguchi method
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Abstract

The presented problem consists in optimizing the pulling force of the luffing jib tower cranes, in order to reduce power and save energy by determining reasonable geometrical parameters such as placement of pulley assemblies, position of jib pin, and jib length. To determine the optimal parameters, a mechanical model was developed to calculate the pulling force of the research object. Then, the Taguchi method and Minitab software were applied to evaluate the influence of the parameters. The objective function was the minimum pulling force of the luffing jib. The calculation results show that the position of the pulley assembly used to pull the jib is the most influential factor on the objective function accounting for 81.15%, the less significant factors are the jib length, the pin position of the jib, and the pulley assembly that changes the direction of the load lifting cable. The result of the test presented in the article allowed for determining the rational parameters, and the optimal position of the pulley assemblies on the top of the crane. In the case of the pulley assembly located at the top of the crane, one obtains the optimal height of the crane head H≈0.4 L c.
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Authors and Affiliations

Truong Giang Duong
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, Vietnam

Taguchi Approach for Optimization of Parameters that Reduce Dimensional Variation in Investment Casting

S.N. Bansode V.M. Phalle S. Mantha
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2019 | vol. 19 | No 1 | 5-12 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2018.125183
Keywords Innovative foundry technology and materials investment casting Dimensional accuracy Taguchi method optimisation
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Abstract

Variation in final casting dimensions is a major challenge in the investment casting industry. Additional correction operations such as die tool reworking as well as coining operations affect foundry productivity significantly. In this paper influence of basic parameters such as wax material, mould material, number of ceramic coats and feed location on the dimensional accuracy of stainless-steel casting has been investigated. Two levels of each factor were chosen for experimental study. Taguchi approach has been used to design the experiment and to identify the optimal condition of each parameter for reduced dimensional deviation. Analysis of variance has been carried out to determine the contribution of each process parameter. The result reports that selected parameters have significant effect on the dimensional variability of investment casting. Mould material is the dominant parameter with the largest contribution followed by number of ceramic coats and wax material whereas feed location is having negligible contribution.

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Authors and Affiliations

S.N. Bansode
V.M. Phalle
S. Mantha

Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Super Duplex Stainless Steel AISI 2507: a Statistical Approach

M. Davanageri S. Narendranath R. Kadoli
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2016 | No 4 | DOI: 10.1515/afe-2016-0082
Keywords response surface methodology duplex stainless steel Specific wear rate Taguchi method Desirability function approach
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Abstract

The dry sliding wear behavior of heat-treated super duplex stainless steel AISI 2507 was examined by taking pin-on-disc type of wear-test

rig. Independent parameters, namely applied load, sliding distance, and sliding speed, influence mainly the wear rate of super duplex

stainless steel. The said material was heat treated to a temperature of 850°C for 1 hour followed by water quenching. The heat treatment

was carried out to precipitate the secondary sigma phase formation. Experiments were conducted to study the influence of independent

parameters set at three factor levels using the L27 orthogonal array of the Taguchi experimental design on the wear rate. Statistical

significance of both individual and combined factor effects was determined for specific wear rate. Surface plots were drawn to explain the

behavior of independent variables on the measured wear rate. Statistically, the models were validated using the analysis of variance test.

Multiple non-linear regression equations were derived for wear rate expressed as non-linear functions of independent variables. Further,

the prediction accuracy of the developed regression equation was tested with the actual experiments. The independent parameters

responsible for the desired minimum wear rate were determined by using the desirability function approach. The worn-out surface

characteristics obtained for the minimum wear rate was examined using the scanning electron microscope. The desired smooth surface was

obtained for the determined optimal condition by desirability function approach.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Davanageri
S. Narendranath
R. Kadoli

Artificial immune system in planning deliveries in a short time

B. Mrówczyńska A. Król P. Czech
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2019 | No. 5 | 969-980 | DOI: 10.24425/bpas.2019.126630
Keywords artificial immune system genetic algorithm simulated annealing open vehicle routing problem on-time delivery Taguchi method
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Abstract

In the calculations presented in the article, an artificial immune system (AIS) was used to plan the routes of the fleet of delivery vehicles supplying food products to customers waiting for the delivery within a specified, short time, in such a manner so as to avoid delays and minimize the number of delivery vehicles. This type of task is classified as an open vehicle routing problem with time windows (OVRPWT). It comes down to the task of a traveling salesman, which belongs to NP-hard problems. The use of the AIS to solve this problem proved effective. The paper compares the results of AIS with two other varieties of artificial intelligence: genetic algorithms (GA) and simulated annealing (SA). The presented methods are controlled by sets of parameters, which were adjusted using the Taguchi method. Finally, the results were compared, which allowed for the evaluation of all these methods. The results obtained using AIS proved to be the best.

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Authors and Affiliations

B. Mrówczyńska
A. Król
P. Czech

Prediction of the optimum tensile – shear strength through the experimental results of similar and dissimilar spot welding joints

Najmuldeen Yousif Mahmood
Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2020 | vol. 67 | No 2 | 197-210 | DOI: 10.24425/ame.2020.131690
Keywords spot welding parameters tensile-shear force Taguchi method optimization design of experiment
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Abstract

Resistance spotwelding is the most significant joining technique utilized in various industries, like automotive, boilers, vessels, etc., that are commonly subjected to variable tensile-shear forces due to the unsuitable use of the input spot welding variables, which mainly cause the welded joints failure during the service life of the welded assembly. So, in order to avoid such failures, the welding quality of some materials like aluminum must be improved taking into consideration the performance and weight saving of the welded structure. Thus, the need for optimizing the used welding parameters becomes essential for predicting a goodwelded joint.Accordingly, this study aims at investigating the influence of the spot welding variables, including the squeeze time, welding time, and current on the tensile-shear force of the similar and dissimilar lap joints for aluminum and steel sheets. It was concluded that the use of Taguchi design can improve the welded joints strength through designing the experiments according to the used levels of the input parameters in order to obtain their optimal values that give the optimum tensile-shear force as the response. As a consequence of the present work, the optimal spot welding parameters were successfully obtained.

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Authors and Affiliations

Najmuldeen Yousif Mahmood
1
  1. Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq.

Optimized null steering in compact bowtie antenna array using simulation driven Taguchi method

Baljinder Kaur Anupma Marwaha
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2020 | vol. 27 | No 1 | 3-17 | DOI: 10.24425/mms.2020.131717
Keywords interference suppression non-isotropic antenna array mutual coupling simulation-controlled optimization Taguchi method
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Abstract

Ever rising increase in number of wireless services has prompted the use of spatial multiplexing through null steering.Various algorithms provide electronic control of antenna array pattern. Simulation-driven technique further introduces correction in array factor to account for array geometry. Taguchi method is used here to combat interference in practical antenna arrays of non-isotropic elements, by incorporating the effect of antenna element pattern on array pattern control in the optimization algorithm. 4-element rectangular and bowtie patch antenna arrays are considered to validate the effectiveness of Taguchi optimization. The difference in the computed excitations and accuracy of null steering confirms the dependence of beam pattern on element factor and hence eliminates the need for extra computations performed byconventional algorithms based on array factor correction. Taguchi method employs an orthogonal array and converges rapidly to the desired radiation pattern in 25 iterations, thus signifying it to be computationally cost-effective. A higher gain and a significant reduction in side lobe level (SLL) was obtained for the bowtie array. Further, due to feed along parallel edges of the patch, the radiating edges being slanted to form the bow shape results in a significant reduction in the area as compared with the rectangular patch designed to resonate at the same frequency.

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Authors and Affiliations

Baljinder Kaur
Anupma Marwaha

Hybrid GRA-PCA and modified weighted TOPSIS coupled with Taguchi for multi-response process parameter optimization in turning AISI 1040 steel

Mst. Nazma Sultana Nikhil Ranjan Dhar
Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2021 | vol. 68 | No 1 | 23-49 | DOI: 10.24425/ame.2020.131707
Keywords grey relational analysis principal component analysis Taguchi method analysis of variance cryogenic cooling
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Abstract

The objective of the present study is to optimize multiple process parameters in turning for achieving minimum chip-tool interface temperature, surface roughness and specific cutting energy by using numerical models. The proposed optimization models are offline conventional methods, namely hybrid Taguchi-GRA-PCA and Taguchi integrated modified weighted TOPSIS. For evaluating the effects of input process parameters both models use ANOVA as a supplementary tool. Moreover, simple linear regression analysis has been performed for establishing mathematical relationship between input factors and responses. A total of eighteen experiments have been conducted in dry and cryogenic cooling conditions based on Taguchi L18 orthogonal array. The optimization results achieved by hybrid Taguchi-GRA-PCA and modified weighted TOPSIS manifest that turning at a cutting speed of 144 m/min and a feed rate of 0.16 mm/rev in cryogenic cooling condition optimizes the multi-responses concurrently. The prediction accuracy of the modified weighted TOPSIS method is found better than hybrid Taguchi-GRA-PCA using regression analysis.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mst. Nazma Sultana
1
Nikhil Ranjan Dhar
1
  1. Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Characterization of geometrical parameters of plastic bottle shredder blade utilizing a two-step optimization method

Trieu Khoa Nguyen Minh Quang Chau The-Can Do Anh-Duc Pham
Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2021 | vol. 68 | No 3 | 253-269 | DOI: 10.24425/ame.2021.138392
Keywords plastic waste shredder blade two-step optimization Taguchi method response surface method
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Abstract

In this paper, a numerical and experimental investigation of geometrical parameters of the blade for plastic bottle shredder was performed based on the Taguchi method in combination with a response surface method (RSM). Nowadays, plastic waste has become a major threat to the environment. Shredding, in which plastic waste is shredded into small bits, ready for transportation and further processing, is a crucial step in plastic recycling. Although many studies on plastic shredders were performed, there was still a need for more researches on the optimization of shredder blades. Hence, a numerical analysis was carried out to study the influences of the relevant geometrical parameters. Next, a two-step optimization process combining the Taguchi method and the RSM was utilized to define optimal parameters. The simulation results clearly confirmed that the current technique can triumph over the limitation of the Taguchi method, originated from a discrete optimization nature. The optimal blade was then fabricated and experimented, showing lower wear via measurement by an ICamScope® microscope. Hence, it can be clearly inferred from this investigation that the current optimization method is a simple, sufficient tool to be applied in such a traditional process without using any complicated algorithms or expensive software.
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Authors and Affiliations

Trieu Khoa Nguyen
1
ORCID: ORCID
Minh Quang Chau
1
ORCID: ORCID
The-Can Do
2
Anh-Duc Pham
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
  2. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Danang – University of Science and Technology, Da Nang City, Vietnam.

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