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Number of results: 11
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Abstract

After Italy declared war on Great Britain and France on June 10, 1940 Turkey remained neutral, despite the fact that the treaty with Western powers obliged it to enter the war in such circumstances. Turkish government referred to the Second Protocol attached to the Treaty of Mutual Assistance which made possible for the Turkish side to ignore their obligations in case a threat of armed conflict with Soviet Union. However it is still not known if this was real reason for Turkish decision. The aim of this article is to review interpretations of Turkish attitude that have been present in historiography since the war. It includes short-term and long-term factors of Turkish decision from June 1940. In addition, attention was concentrated on British intelligence sources, which, in relation to the period between spring and summer of 1940, have not yet been taken into account by scholars when trying to determinate Turkish motives.
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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Zdulski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Lodz, Poland
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Abstract

A newly published monograph by Vladimir Cvetkovski (Cvetkovski 2017) has given rise to a short examination of some Turkish loanwords in Bitola Macedonian, partially in comparison with the classic treatment of the topic presented by Olivera Jašar-Nasteva a few years ago (Ja{ar-Nasteva 2001). Besides, some methodological remarks and, fi rst of all, a rule concerning treatment of sonorants in assimilation processes in Macedonian (see bilbil) are suggested in the study.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Stachowski
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

Five years ago Vasilis Orfanos published an excellent monograph on the Turkish lexical borrowings attested in the Cretan dialect of Modern Greek (Orfanos 2014). In this paper the present authors increase the number of the possible Cretan Turkisms, providing and explaining additional items not listed in Orfanos’s book.

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Authors and Affiliations

Elwira Kaczyńska
Krzysztof Tomasz Witczak
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Abstract

The origin of Proto-Slavic palatal(ized) consonants has interested many linguists. Some of them have tried to connect palatality and velarity of Slavic consonants with the influence of Turkic consonant palatalization or velarization dependent on vowel harmony. This paper is a first study allowing for Turkological point of view and striving to show that there still are many doubts about the Proto- -Turkic influence on Proto-Slavic.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Stachowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Slavic Studies, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

Generally only one aspect of Slavic‑Turkish language contact has regularly been discussed in linguistics, viz. the Turkish influence on Slavic vocabulary. Results of impact in the opposite direction, i.e. Slavic loanwords in Turkish are only sporadically the subject of linguistic investigation. The present paper brings a collection of Slavic words in two Turkish dialects in western Bulgaria. Even this modest set of words clearly shows differences between the two areas. Suffice it to say that only two words in this collection, kr(ă) čma ‘inn, tavern’ and pux ‘down, pile, floccus, undercoat’, are attested both in the northern and the southern part of western Bulgaria.
The paper is of experimental character. Its aim is to see how Slavic loanwords in Turkish dialects in the Balkans (using the example of western Bulgaria) can be presented in a comparative dictionary.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Stachowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Slavonic Studies, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

The purpose of this article is to show the function and frequency of Turkish loanwords in modern Croatian language based on a questionnaire survey. Respondents were diversified in age, gender nad origin. The subject of analysis were stylistically marked loanwords that have fallen victim to a puristic language policy pursued by the Croatian linguists in popular language guides, especially in the 1990s. As survey results show, these activities aimed at removing Turkish loanwords from Croatian languague proved to be ineffective. Most of these words are still being used by the Croats simultaneously with the native synonyms. Puristic view declared by some of the respondents does not affect the usage of the Turkish loanwords in unofficial situations.

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Authors and Affiliations

Przemysław Fałowski
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Abstract

Slavic‑Turkish linguistic relations are generally only discussed unilaterally, focusing on the Turkish influence on Slavic and neglecting the opposite direction. Thus far, no more than two relatively extensive essays (the larger one counting 44 pages) have been devoted to Slavic loanwords in Turkish. The present paper aims to outline the state of research on this topic. It begins with a comparison of the two essays, then it examines several of somewhat atypical words, as well as a handful of suffixes, and it closes with a very brief presentation of the Slavic influence on case government of Gagauz verbs.
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Bibliography

Dybo A. V., 2000, Turkic Languages and Slavic, „Encyclopedia of Slavic Languages and Linguistics Online”, ed. Marc L. Greenberg, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2589-6229_ESLO_COM_032504, (dostęp 10.08.2020).
Foy K., 1898, Der Purismus bei den Osmanen, „Mittheilungen des Seminars für orientalische Sprachen an der königlichen Friedrich Wilhelms‑Universität zu Berlin. 2. Abt.”, vol. 1, S. 20–55.
Gülsevin G., 2009, Rumeli Türkçesi çerçevesinde Türk ve Balkan dillerinin etkileşimi, „Turkish Studies”, vol. 4, s. 48–64.
Gülsevin G., 2017, XVII. yüzyıl Batı Rumeli Türkçesi ağızları, Ankara.
Hazai G., 1961, Remarques sur les rapports des langues slaves des Balkans avec le turc‑osmanli, „Studia Slavica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae”, vol. 7, pp. 97–138.
KEWT = Stachowski M., 2019a.
Kowalski T., 1933, Les Turcs et la langue turque de la Bulgarie du Nord‑Est, Kraków.
Meninski F. à Mesgnien, 1680, Thesaurus Linguarum Orientalium, Viennae.
Miklosich F., 1889, Die slavischen, magyarischen und rumunischen Elemente im türkischen Sprachschatze, Wien.
Rocchi L., 2014, I repertori lessicali turco‑ottomani di Giovan Battista Montalbano (1630 ca.), Trieste.
Rusek J., 1997, O nazwach kapusty (Brassica oleracea) w językach słowiańskich, „Rocznik Slawistyczny”, t. 50, s. 53–61.
Sawicka I., (w druku), Rozważania o tureckich sufiksach w języku macedońskim.
Stachowski K., 2008, Names of cereals in the Turkic languages, Kraków.
Stachowski K., 2009, The discussion on consonant harmony in Northwestern Karaim, „Türkbilig”, vol. 18, pp. 158–193.
Stachowski M., 2016, Case shifts and case syncretism in Gagauz in the context of Bulgarian patterns, „Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları”, vol. 26/2, pp. 265–275.
Stachowski M., 2019a, Kurzgefaßtes etymologisches Wörterbuch der türkischen Sprache, Kraków.
Stachowski M., 2019b, Slavic languages in contact, 2: Are there Ottoman Turkish loanwords in the Balkan Slavic languages?, „Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis”, vol. 136, pp. 99–105.
Tietze A., 1957, Slavische Lehnwörter in der türkischen Volkssprache, „Oriens”, vol. 10, S. 1–47.
Tietze A., 1999, Wörterbuch der griechischen, slavischen, arabischen und persischen Lehnwörter im Anatolischen Türkisch, İstanbul.
Yüksel Z., 1989, Polatlı Kırım Türkçesi ağzı, Ankara.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Stachowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków
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Abstract

Two types of names for ‘Turkish delight’ are known in the Slavic languages: rahat-lokum ~ ratluk, and lokum. Even though most etymological dictionaries derive them from the same Arabo-Turkish etymon, their different structures are not discussed and the phonetic differences not explained. The aim of this paper is to establish the relative chronology of changes made to the original phrase, as well as to point out some problems which still remain more or less obscure.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Stachowski
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

Halide Edip Adıvar was one of the best‑known symbols of the modern, pro‑Western daughters of the Republic of Turkey. Through her own life and work, she exemplified how Turkish women should change. One of her greatest works is “The Daughter of Smyrna” (“Ateşten Gömlek”); its story takes place during the war of independence. Women participated in the fight and they encouraged the fighters, similarly to Ayşe, the character from the novel. They were the symbol of Anatolia and Turkey.
In the article, the context of the war of independence is briefly sketched. Then, the figure of Halide Edip is presented with the special attention paid to the period of her fight by Mustafa Kemal’s side. In the last part, the figures of the women presented in the book are analysed. The important questions asked in the article concern the similarities between the author and the characters created by her and how modern Turkish women living in the Republic of Turkey at the beginning of its existence should have looked.
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Authors and Affiliations

Karolina Wanda Olszowska
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Jagiellonian University
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Abstract

Objective: Self-report questionnaire is informative to assess general hearing disability. The aims of this study were to investigate the reliability of Turkish version of spatial hearing questionnaire (SHQ) and to analyze the validity of the SHQ by the correlation with speech, spatial, and qualities of hearing questionnaire (SSQ) and Turkish matrix sentence test (TMST).
Methods: The first part of the study was the psychometric properties of the SHQ with 192 participants (137 with normal hearing, 55 with hearing loss). In the second and main part of the study, we applied two questionnaires (SHQ and SSQ) and TMST to people other than those included in the first part ofthe study (88 participants with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss). We compared the results of these two questionnaires and the TMST with the speech discrimination (SD) scores.
Results: Turkish spatial hearing questionnaire’s internal consistency was 0.94 and 0.97 for individuals with normal hearing and for individuals with hearing loss, respectively. Moderate, positive, statistically significant correlation was observed between the SHQ and SSQ (r = 0:606, p = 0:001 in individuals with hearing loss who do not wear any hearing aid, and r = 0:627, p = 0:001 in hearing aid users), and SHQ and SD (r = 0:561, p = 0:032 in hearing aid users). According to TMST, moderate, positive, statistically significant correlation was found between SSQ and adaptive TMST in individuals with hearing loss who do not wear any hearing aid (r = 0:330, p = 0:033 for S0N90 and r = 0:364, p = 0:018 for S0N270).
Conclusions: Turkish SHQ is a valid and reliable questionnaire for assessing hearing functions. SHQ, SSQ, and TMST are clinically beneficial measuring tools in planning the process of hearing rehabilitation and follow-up.

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Authors and Affiliations

Bünyamin Çildir
1
Suna Tokgöz-Yilmaz
2
Gonca Sennaroğlu
3

  1. Ankara Yıdırım Beyazıt University, Health Sciences Faculty, Speech Language Therapy Department, Ankara, Turkey
  2. Ankara University, Health Sciences Faculty, Audiology Department, Ankara, Turkey
  3. Hacettepe University, Health Sciences Faculty, Audiology Department, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract

The article offers a revisited look at the classic jurisprudence of the ECtHR and CJEU concerning the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus from the perspective of the phenomenon of judicial dialogue. In this context, it aims to examine whether judicial dialogue contributes to the development of coherent jurisprudence and in consequence of effective judicial redress in cases involving unrecognised entities and individuals. It draws attention to the threats for both the international rule of law and the protection of rights of individuals resulting from inconsistencies within own jurisprudence of the respective court, as well as from lack of coherence in interpretation and application of the same rules of international law by different courts.

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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Czaplińska

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