Search results

Filters

  • Journals
  • Authors
  • Keywords
  • Date
  • Type

Search results

Number of results: 48
items per page: 25 50 75
Sort by:
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Automating the tasks that require manpower has been considered as an area of active research in science and technology. Challenges in designing such systems include accuracy in the parameters of performance, minimal hardware, cost-efficiency, and security. The efficiency of drones designed for replacing humans is often evaluated using their weight, flying time, and power consumption. Herein, the prototypebased Drone model has been designed and discussed for horticulture applications. In this model, a horticulture drone has been designed for structuring and cutting of plants in street interstates. This methodology focuses on automation engineering that is utilized for cutting the plants in less time and less power, thereby diminishing the contamination that may happen by utilizing fuels. The epic part of this plan includes the less weight drone predesigned using Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Interactive Application (CATIA) V5 Software. The throttle for the motors is adjusted at 50% to get the required thrust for the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to fly. Experimental results show that the horticulture drone has comparatively more flying time and less power consumption.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

M. Arun Kumar
1
Dioline Sara
1
Nagarjuna Telagam
1
Balwinder Raj
2

  1. Department of EECE, GITAM University Bengaluru, India
  2. Department of Electronics Communication, Engineering, NITTTR, India
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The main objective of the research work was to identify the dimensions of complexity and study the relationship between these defined dimensions in the industrial automation sector. To achieve these objectives in the study, there was assumed the following major hypothesis: With the increasing role of dynamic cross-section of the complexity there is growing importance of relationship dimension for competitive advantage. In the study there were diagnosed four dimensions of complexity. Existence of the relationship between these four identified dimensions of complexity occurred by the use of the Fisher’s exact test, which is a variant of the test of independence ��2. Furthermore, there were calculated V-Cramer factors to estimate the intensity of the above-mentioned relationship between analyzed dimensions. The research discovered that the three out of four dimensions such as the number of elements, variety of elements and uncertainty depend on the last dimension of complexity which is the relationship between elements. In the turbulent environment there is a growing importance of the relationship dimension. It forms competitive advantage and is a key condition of success in creating a new type of modern enterprise strategy that occurs within complexity management in the industrial automation sector.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Anna Lewandowska-Ciszek
1

  1. Poznan University of Economics and Business, Department of Logistics, Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Technological development offers a wide range of new possibilities for implementation of

production processes. Continual production development is the main key to success and

competitiveness improvement, labour productivity and image-building for all manufacturing

companies. The article deals with designing of new workplace with implementation and

utilization of automated robot for faster and safer handling of cast stock. The new layout

of workplace is created in software Process Simulate.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Peter Trebuna
Miriam Pekarcıkova
Jana Kronova
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The awareness of the growing importance of the complexity in creating a new type of a modern enterprise strategy and in introducing changes within planning, control and organizational structures contributed to undertaking studies on relationships occurring between the complexity of a modern enterprise and its flexibility in the sector of industrial automation, as well as filling the gap relating to the cognitive impact of poor complexity management on the flexibility of the company. The main objective of the research work is to check whether there is an important relationship between the complexity of the business and its flexibility in the industrial automation sector. Quantification of the relationship between these two quantities – the complexity and flexibility – happened by the use of the Multidimensional Correspondence Analysis (MCA) and Perceptual Maps. The study which has been carried out indicated that the flexibility and complexity functions in the enterprise management rise, however, the knowledge of these issues is highly insufficient. The research discovered that the obstacles which hamper striking a balance between the flexibility and complexity in their advanced stages exert a devastating impact on the quality of the process management. Reducing the flexibility at its higher levels generates a context in which the market risk is enhanced. Companies characterised by improper flexibility management bear higher workforce costs and their processes of decision-making last longer. Methodical and systematized study of flexibility and complexity will decrease the destructive influence of the interaction between these two categories.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

A. Lewandowska-Ciszek
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Long-duration human space missions require intelligent regenerative life support systems that can recycle resources and automatically manage failures. This paper explores using Petri nets to model the reliability and complex interactions of such closed-loop systems. An architecture consisting of primary systems, backups, and consumable reserves is outlined. The automation system that controls everything is described. Petri nets can capture concurrency, failure modes, redundancy, and dynamic behavior. A modular modeling methodology is presented to develop hierarchical Petri net models that scale in fidelity. Elementary fragments represent failures and redundancy. Subsystem modules can be substituted for more detailed models. Analysis and simulation assess system reliability and failure response. This supports designing ultra-reliable systems to safely sustain human life in space.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Igor Kabashkin
1
Sergey Glukhikh
1

  1. Transport andTelecommunication Institute, Latvia
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

This article presents the current and future situation of heat consumption in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The predicted growth of thermal loads until 2030 is shown in the example of Karaganda city. Therefore, the task of creating and implementing automated heat points into the system of heat-supply complexes of cities of the Republic of Kazakhstan is relevant. The article considers the concept of measurement and processing of information in district heating supply systems based on variable cycles of the interrogation of parameters of heat supply at the heat points. As a result of the conducted research, a microcontroller SMART-system for the implementation of rational modes of heat supply used in the process of obtaining and processing information on heat-consumption parameters and making control decisions regarding variable cycles of heat-supply-parameter interrogation at heat points was developed and implemented. The results of the study have been successfully tested on the facilities equipped with automated heat points.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Indira Sagynganova
1
Alexey Kalinin
2
Karshiga Smagulova
2
Dmitriy Lissitsyn
2
Darmen Abulkhairov
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan
  2. Karaganda Technical University, Kazakhstan
  3. S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Kazakhstan
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The following paper presents the players profiling methodology applied to the turn-based computer game in the audience-driven system. The general scope are mobile games where the players compete against each other and are able to tackle challenges presented by the game engine. As the aim of the game producer is to make the gameplay as attractive as possible, the players should be paired in a way that makes their duel the most exciting. This requires the proper player profiling based on their previous games. The paper presents the general structure of the system, the method for extracting information about each duel and storing them in the data vector form and the method for classifying different players through the clustering or predefined category assignment. The obtained results show the applied method is suitable for the simulated data of the gameplay model and clustering of players may be used to effectively group them and pair for the duels.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Bilski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Izabella Antoniuk
2
ORCID: ORCID
Rafał Łabędzki
3

  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
  2. Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland
  3. SGH Warsaw School of Economics, Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The article deals with the features and characteristics of intelligent systems for modelling business processes. Their classification was made and criteria for comparison were developed. According to the comparative analysis of existing expert systems for intelligent analysis, a reasonable choice of system for modelling business processes of a particular enterprise has been carried out. In general, it was found that the introduction of intelligent systems for modelling business processes of the enterprise and forecasting its activities for future allows management of the company to obtain relevant and necessary information for the adoption of effective management decisions and the development of a strategic plan.
Go to article

Bibliography

[1] B. V. Kuzmenko, and O. A. Chaikovska, “The systems of artificial intelligence,” Kyiv, Alterpres, 2006.
[2] H. F. Ivanchenko,“The systems of artificial intelligence,” Kyiv, KNEU, 2011.
[3] D. F. Liuher, “The artificial intelligence: strategies and methods of solving difficult issues,” Moscow, Vyliams (in Russian), 2003, pp. 866.
[4] A. A. Emelianov, E. A. Vlasova, and R. V. Duma, “Simulation modeling of economic systems,” Moscow, Finansy i statistika (in Russian), 2002.
[5] D. Waterman, “Guide to expert systems,” Moscow, Myr, 1989.
[6] A. A. Barsehian, M. S. Kupryianov, V. V. Stepanenko, and Y. Y. Kholod, “Methods and models of data analysis: OLAP and Data Mining,” St-Petersburg, BKhV, 2004.
[7] V. Mashkov and A. Smolarz and V. Lytvynenko, “The problem of system fault-tolerance,” Informatyka Automatyka Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska (IAPGOŚ), 4(4), pp. 41-44, 2014.
[8] Z. Omiotek and W. Wójcik, “The use of Hellwig's method for dimension reduction in feature space of thyroid ultrasound images,” Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska, 4(3), pp. 14-17, 2014.
[9] P. V. Poliakov, and S. A. Korobov, “Software tools for developing business plans: Project Expert system,” Volhohrad, vol. HU, pp. 48, 2004.
[10] H. S. Prokudin, M. T. Dekhtiaru, “Simulation modeling in informational systems,” Kyiv: NTU., no. 9, pp. 181–189, 2004.
[11] A. P. Rotshtein, and H. B. Rakytyanska, “Diagnosis problem solving using fuzzy relations,” IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 664-675, 2008.
[12] S. I. Vyatkin, A. N. Romanyuk, and Z. Y. Gotra, “Offsetting, relations, and blending with perturbation functions,” Proc. of SPIE 10445, 2017.
[13] L. I. Timchenko, S. V. Pavlov, N. I. Kokryatskaya, et al. “Bio-inspired approach to multistage image processing,” Proc. of SPIE 10445, 2017.
[14] M. F. Kirichenko, Yu. V. Krak, A. A. Polishchuk, “Pseudo inverse and projective matrices in problems of synthesis of functional transformers,” Kibernetika i Sistemnyj Analiz, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 116-129, 2004.
[15] K. G. Selivanova, O. G. Avrunin and S. M. Zlepko, “Quality improvement of diagnosis of the electromyography data based on statistical characteristics of the measured signals,” Proc. of SPIE 10031, 2016.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Svetlana A. Yaremko
1
Elena M. Kuzmina
1
Nataliia B. Savina
2
Konrad Gromaszek
3
Bakhyt Yeraliyeva
4
Gauhar Borankulova
4

  1. Vinnytsia Institute of Trade and Economics of Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Ukraine
  2. National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Rivne, Ukraine
  3. Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
  4. Taraz State University after M.Kh.Dulaty, Taraz, Kazakhstan
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In this study, a digital manometer was used as a transfer standard to perform calibration of a pneumatic pressure balance. The same pressure balance was calibrated with the cross-floating method based on falling rate determination (FRD). Differences among the effective area results show an agreement of less than 10 ppm between the digital manometer-assisted calibration (DMAC) method and the FRD method. The method in which a digital pressure gauge is used as a transfer standard not only facilitates calibration but also enables the automation of pressure balance calibration. Full automation of pressure balance calibration requires an automatic mass loading system for both the reference instrument and the device under test. Since there is a lot of different kinds of pressure balances, it is nearly impossible for a pressure metrology laboratory to have an automatic mass-handler system for every type of pressure balance. Therefore, a more efficient way in which automated mass-handler systems are not required i.e., a semi-automatic calibration system, is designed. For that purpose, two different calibration procedures, increasing-decreasing cycles, and pressurize-vent (P-V) procedures are performed and compared. The equivalence of procedure results makes the semi-automated calibration design of pressure balances possible. The most distinguishing advantages of a semi-automated calibration system are the applicability to any type of pressure balance and low cost compared to full automation.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Ahmet Türk
1
Abdullah Hamarat
1
Yasin Durgut
1

  1. TÜBITAK Ulusal Metroloji Enstitüsü, TÜBITAK Gebze Yerleskesi P.K.54 41470 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

More than 4.6 mln ha in the Russian Federation are irrigated. Their culvert hydraulic structures are part of network structures and are the most widespread. After the crisis of the 1990s, proper maintenance of many reclamation systems was impossible due to a lack of funds. This led to the loss of about half of the water taken from irrigation sources in irrigation canals. The planned increase in the technical level of irrigation systems requires the automation of the operation of both the entire system as a whole and separately located culverts. This will avoid significant losses of water supply for irrigation and prevent water shortages with the insufficient discipline of water users. Means of hydraulic automation of water supply are being installed on small irrigation canals in Russia. A water flow regulating valve is proposed, with no mechanical movinparts, and gates are not involved in the control process. The operation of the structure is based on the injection effect, in which excess water entering the downstream with a decrease in water consumption begins to circulate between the outlet section of the transit pipe and the diffuser at the end section of the valve. Using the methods of measuring hydrodynamics and the theory of jet devices, theoretical dependences were obtained, which make it possible to determine the main hydraulic characteristics of the structure. The design form of the flow part of the regulator has been developed and a physical model has been made. In a mirror hydraulic flume, the operation modes of the water outlet were studied with and without regulation. The actual values of hydraulic parameters were obtained, which confirmed the validity of the use of theoretical dependencies. The discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental results is within the experimental error. It has been proven that it is possible to circulate excess water between the downstream and intermediate pools of the regulator.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Dmitrii M. Benin
1
Vera L. Snezhko
1

  1. Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Timiryazevskaya St, 49, Moscow, 127550, Russia
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

This paper develops an automatic method to calculate the macrotexture depth of pavement roads, using the tire/road noise data collected by the two directional microphones mounted underneath a moving test vehicle. The directional microphones collect valid tire/road noise signal at the travel speed of 10–110 km/h, and the sampling frequency is 50 kHz. The tire/road noise signal carries significant amount of road surface information, such as macrotexture depth. Using bandpass filter, principal component analysis, speed effect elimination, Gaussian mixture model, and reversible jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo, the macrotexture depth of pavement roads can be calculated from the tire/road noise data, automatically and efficiently. Compared to the macrotexture depth results by the sand-patch method and laser profiler, the acoustic method has been successfully demonstrated in engineering applications for the accurate results of macrotexture depth with excellent repeatability, at the test vehicle’s travel speed of 10-110 km/h.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Hao Liu
1
Yiying Zhang
2
Zhengwei Xu
2
Xiaojiang Liu
2

  1. China Merchants Chongqing Communications Technology Research & Design Institute Co., Ltd, 33 Xuefu Road, Nan’an District, Chongqing, PR China, 400067
  2. China Merchants Roadway Information Technology (Chongqing) Co., Ltd, 33 Xuefu Road, Nan’an District, Chongqing, PR China, 400067
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

What were the beginnings of modern communication infrastructure? What is ’artificial intelli-gence’ and what it imitates in ’natural intelli-gence’? Does its accuracy, reliability and objectivity make AI the journalists’ friend or is it in fact an enemy due to the ongoing automation of editori-al and publishing work? This two-part introduction to the problem of AI in journalism discusses all those questions and the hopes and fears that are connected with the new technology
Go to article

Bibliography

Edwards A.J., Wechsler, David (1896–1981), [w:] Encyclopedia of intelligence, red. R.J. Sternberg, New York 1994, vol. 1, pp. 1134–1136.
Effros M., Poor H.V., Claude Shannon: His Work and Its Legacy, Published with the permission of the EMS Newsletter: reprinted from N°103 (March 2017).
Fischer B., Autorskoprawne konteksty sztucznej inteligencji, [w:] Internet. Cyberpandemia, red. A. Gryszczyńska, G. Szpor, Warszawa 2020.
Fischer B., Piskorz‑Ryń A., Artificial intelligence in the context of data governance, “International Review of Law, Computers & Technology” 2021, vol. 35.
Gardner H., Multiple Intelligences: New Horizons in Theory and Practice, New York 2006.
Grzelańczyk P., Systemy eksperckie w diagnostyce środków transportu, „Logistyka” 2012, nr 3.
Kaplan A., Haenlein M., Siri, Siri, in my hand: Who’s the fairest in the land? On the interpretations, illustrations, and implications of artificial intelligence, “Business Horizons” 2019, no. 62 (1).
Kiełtyka L., Wykorzystanie systemów eksperckich w zarządzaniu wiedzą, „Organizacja i Zarządzanie” 2013, nr 53.
Kobie N., Reuters is taking a big gamble on AI‑supported journalism, https://www.wired.co.uk/article/reuters‑artificial‑intelligence‑journalism‑newsroom‑ai‑lynx‑insight [dostęp: 1.08.2021].
Mainzer K, Künstliche Intelligenz — Wann übernehmen die Maschinen?, DOI 10.1007/978‑3‑662‑48453‑1, Berlin – Heidelberg 2016.
Micklethwait J., The future of news https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018‑05-03/john‑micklethwait‑the‑future‑of‑news [dostęp: 2.08.2021].
Peiser J., The rise of the robot reporter, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/05/business/media/artificial‑intelligence‑journalism‑robots.html
Skalfist P., Mikelsten D., Teigens V., Sztuczna inteligencja: czwarta rewolucja prze-mysłowa, Cambridge – Stanford 2020.
Vernon P.A., Philip Ewart (1905–1987), [w:] Encyclopedia of human intelligence, red. R.J. Sternberg, New York 1994.
Zalatimo S., Entering the next century with a new Forbes experience, https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesproductgroup/2018/07/11/entering‑the‑next‑century‑with‑a‑new‑forbes-‑experience/?sh=7eaf0ac83bf4 [dostęp: 2.08.2021].
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Bogdan Fischer
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Instytut Prawa i Ekonomii Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. KEN ul. Podchorążych 2, PL 30-084 Kraków
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In the presented paper, two different meshing strategies are compared to show the accuracy advantage of properly constructed mesh. For this purpose, it was necessary to automatize simulation process, in order to perform a number of calculations without the necessity of user interaction. Later, a method of results extrapolation as well as a way of judging mesh quality are introduced for more throughout comparison of presented discretization strategies. The latter method, called grid convergence index, is also used to calculate probability range of accurate result. To conclude, outcomes of this study are in agreement with general opinon on pracitces for an accurate CFD result. Structured O-type mesh with refinement at wall boundaries (often referred to as “inflation layers”) performs better than simple free mesh.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Adam Tater
1
ORCID: ORCID
Pavel Mačák
1
Patrik Kovář
1

  1. Center of Aviation and Space Research, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Jugoslávských partyzán˚u1580/3, 16000, Prague 6, Czech Republic
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The intelligent automated store warehouse (iZMS) research and development project was created to meet the expectations of a modern automatic store. The project concerns the development of the concept and pilot implementation of an automated store warehouse adapted to the autonomous and automatic sales of goods selected by retail chains. One of the aims of the iZMS project is to develop a scalable solution that allows for the simple adaptation of the iZMS to the needs of a potential customer, taking into account their requirements in terms of the quantity and variety of assortment offered within the iZMS. An important requirement in the use of the iZMS system is minimizing the customer waiting time for purchased products. This problem is related, among others, to the placement of products on the shelves of racks and will be solved in the optimizing process. Running optimization tasks requires a simulator that will mimic the features of a physical device faster than in real time in order to generate many proposals of the allocation of goods on storage racks in the shortest possible time and choose the best one, guaranteeing the shortest picking time of a representative basket of goods. A numerical simulator was developed to model the physical structures of food storage equipment and then simulate the sales process. Among the results obtained, the most important are the time parameters of individual operations, which will ultimately be used to optimize the placement of goods on storage racks. After analyzing the needs resulting from the usage of the iZMS system, we decided to develop a dynamic, deterministic simulator with discrete objects and perform the simulation with a controlled time increment and, in some cases, to utilize elements of event-driven simulation, in which the flow of goods is simulated with first-in, first-out (FIFO) queues. Finally,verification of the numerical simulator with a physical model confirmed that it can be employed in optimization processes.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Sebastian Rzydzik
Piotr Kroczek
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In the paper a frequency method of filtering airborne laser data is presented. A number of algorithms developed to remove objects above a terrain (buildings, vegetation etc.) in order to obtain the terrain surface were presented in literature. Those all methods published are based on geometrical criteria, i.e. on a specific threshold of elevation differences between two neighbouring points or groups of points. In other words, topographical surface is described in a spatial domain. The proposed algorithm operates on topographical surface described in a frequency domain. Two major tools, i.e. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and digital filters are used. The principal assumption is based on the idea that low frequencies are responsible for a terrain surface, while high frequencies are connected to objects above the terrain. The general guidelines of this method were for the first time presented at (Marmol and Jachimski, 2004). Due to the fact that the preliminary results showed some limitations, two-stage filtering algorithm has been introduced. The frequency filter was modified in such a manner that different filter parameters are used to detect buildings than those to recognize vegetation. In the first stage of data processing the filtering concerning elimination of points connected with urban areas was applied. The low-pass filter with parameters determined for urban area was used for the whole tested terrain in that stage. The purpose of the second stage was to eliminate vegetation by using the filter for forest areas. The presented method was tested by using data sets obtained in the ISPRS test on extracting DTM from point clouds. The results of using the two-stage algorithm were com- pared with both reference data and with filtering results of eight method reported to ISPRS test. A numerical comparison of the filter output with a reference data set shows that the filter generates DTM of a satisfactory quality. The accuracy of DTM produced by the frequency algorithm fits the average accuracy of eight methods reported in the ISPRS test.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Urszula Marmol
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Most of the developing countries economy largely depends on the agriculture. More than half of the population rely on agriculture related activities for their survival. In spite of dependency on agriculture, the technological development of agricultural work in developing country is not comparable to the countries like Australia or Israel. The main reason behind the lack of development is the small size of farms. Such farmers cannot afford expensive technology available in the market due to limited profit margins. The report describes an autonomous fertilization system that takes care of the fertilization requirements of the small scale farms at affordable rates. The system is divided in two parts namely User Interface and Control System. The user interface is designed using the state of the art Raspberry Pi board and a touch screen LCD. The control system is developed using the Arduino platform and can control five fertilizers at a time. The output of the system is the mix of the fertilizer, which is forced into the drip irrigation system of the farm. The system has built in data for the fertilization requirement for important crops and vegetation. The system also facilitates the customize fertilization requirements to be added in the system as per the user requirements.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Vijay Savani
Akash Mecwan
Jayesh Patel
Piyush Bhatasana
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The realization of digitalization in production companies – currently also referred to as Industry

4.0 – aims for reduction of internal value creation costs as well as costs for intercompany

collaboration and plays a key role in their current strategy development. However, related

strategy research still lacks to provide operationalized digitalization methods and tools to

practitioners with scientific rigor as well as real-world relevance. To challenge this status

quo, we present a scientifically grounded 14-step procedure model including 11 practically

tested tools, developed specifically for real-world application. The model leads practitioners

from their first contact with industrial digitalization, through the maturity assessment of

143 digitalization items, until the implementation of a KPI-monitoring system and a continuous

improvement process. We applied and re-worked the procedure model during three

years of application. Validation and Feedback from practitioners and scholars indicate, that

the model drives strategy development towards objective and data-based decision making

and increases stakeholder engagement in organizations considerably.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Andreas Schumacher
Wilfried Sihn
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Ensuring the required quality of castings is an important part of the production process. The quality control should be carried out in a fast

and accurate way. These requirements can be met by the use of an optical measuring system installed on the arm of an industrial robot. In

the article a methodology for assessing the quality of robotic measurement system to control certain feature of the casting, based on the

analysis of repeatability and reproducibility is presented. It was shown that industrial robots equipped with optical measuring systems have

the accuracy allowing their use in the process of dimensional control of castings manufactured by lost-wax process, permanent-mould

casting, and pressure die-casting.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

R. Kluz
J. Jaworski
T. Trzepieciński
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In recent decades, two different approaches to mine ventilation control have been developed: ventilation on demand (VOD) and automatic ventilation control (AVC) systems. The latter was primarily developed in Russia and the CIS countries. This paper presents a comparative analysis of these two approaches; it was concluded that the approaches have much in common. The only significant difference between them is the optimal control algorithm used in automatic ventilation control systems. The paper describes in greater detail the algorithm for optimal control of ventilation devices that was developed at the scientific school of the Perm Mining Institute with the direct participation of the authors. One feature of the algorithm is that the search for optimal airflow distribution in the mine is performed by the system in a fully automated mode. The algorithm does not require information about the actual topology of the mine and target airflows for the fans. It can be easily programmed into microcontrollers of main fans and ventilation doors. Based on this algorithm, an automated ventilation control system was developed, which minimizes energy consumption through three strategies: automated search for optimal air distribution, dynamic air distribution control depending on the type of shift, and controlled air recirculation systems. Two examples of the implementation of an automated ventilation control system in potash mines in Belarus are presented. A significant reduction in the energy consumption for main fans’ operation obtained for both potash mines.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Mikhail A. Semin
Lev Y. Levin
Stanislav V. Maltsev
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

SEM Automated Mineralogy (SEM-AM) is an analytical system based on a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with backscattered electron detector and an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). This automated tool enables to quantify mineralogy, size and geometry of solid matter components. The paper presents a SEM-AM application in detection of mineralogical and textural sediment sorting on the example of a submarine gravity flow record from the Cergowa sandstones (Lower Oligocene) in the Polish Outer Carpathians. Analysis of high quality backscattered electron (BSE) imagery in combination with EDX spectra discriminates mineral phases in polished samples. These data are then processed by the mineral liberation analysis (MLA) software in order to extract size and shape information, and combine, compare and group components for further examination. Automated data extraction provides highly representative measurement statistics devoid of manual work bias. The Cergowa sandstones were prepared for the analysis as non-granular samples in coated thin sections and granular samples in epoxy mounts. The former samples provide mineralogical data whereas the latter additionally generate textural parameters, both essential in interpretation of variability of flow competence. Comparisons between samples from an individual bed and between different beds of the measured sections give insights into the spatial and temporal flow development at a given locality. On the other hand, a comparison of different sections and regions of the formation will provide basis for the reconstruction of submarine flow events throughout the sedimentary basin and contribute to the characterisation of the provenance areas. Highly detailed quantitative data generated by this procedure have great potential in helping to recognise complex relationships between mineralogical and textural sorting by depositional processes.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Joanna Pszonka
1
ORCID: ORCID
Bernhard Schulz
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
  2. Freiberg University of Mining and Technology, Department of Economic Geology and Petrology, Germany
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The absolute positions of shearers on advancing coal faces are requisite for providing references for adaptive mining combined with geological models. Common coalmine localization techniques (e.g. UWB, INS, etc.) are not fully applicable to adaptive mining due to their drifting error or the messy environment. The gyro robotic total station (RTS) is versatile and precise in measuring coordinates in coal mines, while its conventional usage is of low automation and poor timeliness, impeding its application on mining faces. This article proposed an automated gyro RTS system for real-time absolute positioning on fully mechanised coal faces. The measuring process was changed to fit mining requirements, and a new state-transferring model was used to automate it. Programs were developed and installed in available instruments, forming a prototype. Field experiments were carried out on a simulative working face, verifying the system’s accuracy and applicability. Results show that the relative positioning error is better than 2.6143×10-4, which meets the demand of advancing faces. The error of the gyro is estimated at 55.5187”, justifying its nominal indicators. To sum up, the automated gyro RTS system proposed in this paper can offer real-time and accurate absolute positions of equipment on working faces, supporting adaptive mining combined with the geological model.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Ben Li
1
ORCID: ORCID
Shanjun Mao
1
ORCID: ORCID
Haoyuan Zhang
1
ORCID: ORCID
Xinchao Li
2
ORCID: ORCID
Huazhou Chen
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Peking University, Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Informat ion System, Beijing 100871, China
  2. Beijing Longruan Technologies Co., Ltd., Beijing 100871, China
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Image-guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) technique is dynamically developing technology for treating solid tumors due to its non-invasive nature. Before a HIFU ablation system is ready for use, the exposure parameters of the HIFU beam capable of destroying the treated tissue without damaging the surrounding tissues should be selected to ensure the safety of therapy. The purpose of this work was to select the threshold acoustic power as well as the step and rate of movement of the HIFU beam, generated by a transducer intended to be used in the HIFU ablation system being developed, by using an array of thermocouples and numerical simulations. For experiments a bowl-shaped 64-mm, 1.05 MHz HIFU transducer with a 62.6 mm focal length (f-number 0.98) generated pulsed waves propagating in two-layer media: water/ex vivo pork loin tissue (50 mm/40 mm) was used. To determine a threshold power of the HIFU beam capable of creating the necrotic lesion in a small volume within the tested tissue during less than 3 s each tissue sample was sonicated by multiple parallel HIFU beams of different acoustic power focused at a depth of 12.6 mm below the tissue surface. Location of the maximum heating as well as the relaxation time of the tested tissue were determined from temperature variations recorded during and after sonication by five thermo-couples placed along the acoustic axis of each HIFU beam as well as from numerical simulations. The obtained results enabled to assess the location of each necrotic lesion as well as to determine the step and rate of the HIFU beam movement. The location and extent of the necrotic lesions created was verified using ultrasound images of tissue after sonication and visual inspection after cutting the samples. The threshold acoustic power of the HIFU beam capable of creating the local necrotic lesion in the tested tissue within 3 s without damaging of surrounding tissues was found to be 24 W, and the pause between sonications was found to be more than 40 s.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Łukasz Fura
Tamara Kujawska
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

We have designed and built ultrasound imaging-guided HIFU ablative device for preclinical studies on small animals. Before this device is used to treat animals, ex vivo tissue studies were necessary to determine the location and extent of necrotic lesions created inside tissue samples by HIFU beams depending on their acoustic properties. This will allow to plan the beam movement trajectory and the distance and time intervals between exposures leading to necrosis covering the entire treated volume without damaging the surrounding tissues. This is crucial for therapy safety. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of sonication parameters on the size of necrotic lesions formed by HIFU beams generated by 64-mm bowl-shaped transducer used, operating at 1.08 MHz or 3.21 MHz. Multiple necrotic lesions were created in pork loin samples at 12.6-mm depth below tissue surface during 3-s exposure to HIFU beams with fixed duty-cycle and varied pulse-duration or fixed pulse-duration and varied duty-cycle, propagated in two-layer media: water-tissue. After exposures, the necrotic lesions were visualized using magnetic resonance imaging and optical imaging (photos) after sectioning the samples. Quantitative analysis of the obtained results allowed to select the optimal sonication and beam movement parameters to support planning of effective therapy.
Go to article

Bibliography

1. Chauhan S. (2008), FUSBOTs: image-guided robotic systems for Focused Ultrasound Surgery, Medical Robotics, Vanja Bozovic, I-Tech Education and Publishing, Vienna, Austria.
2. Choi J.W. et al. (2014), Portable high-intensity focused ultrasound system with 3D electronic steering, real-time cavitation monitoring, and 3D image reconstruction algorithms: a preclinical study in pigs, Ultrasonography, 33(3): 191–199, doi: 10.14366/usg.14008.
3. Duck F.A. (1990), Physical Properties of Tissue: A Comprehensive Reference Book, Academic Press, London.
4. Ebbini E.S., ter Haar G. (2015), Ultrasound-guided therapeutic focused ultrasound: current status and future directions, International Journal of Hyperthermia, 31(2): 77–89, doi: 10.3109/02656736.2014.995238.
5. Ellens N. et al. (2015), The targeting accuracy of a preclinical MRI-guided focused ultrasound system, Medical Physics, 42(1): 430–439, doi: 10.1118/1.4903950.
6. Fukuda H. et al. (2011), Hyper-echo in ultrasound images during high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation for hepatocellular carcinomas, European Journal of Radiology, 80(3): e571–e575, doi: 10.1016/ j.ejrad.2011.09.001.
7. Fura Ł., Kujawska T. (2019), Selection of exposure parameters for a HIFU ablation system using an array of thermocouples and numerical simulations, Archives of Acoustics, 44(2): 349–355, doi: 10.24425/ aoa.2019.128498.
8. Guillaumier S. et al. (2018), A multicentre study of 5- year outcomes following focal therapy in treating clinically significant nonmetastatic prostate cancer, European Urology, 74(4): 422–429, doi: 10.1016/j.eururo. 2018.06.006.
9. ter Haar G. (2007), Therapeutic applications of ultrasound, Progress in Biophysics & Molecular Biology, 93(1–3): 111–129, doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio. 2006.07.005.
10. Hand J.W., Shaw A., Sadhoo N., Rajaqopal S., Dickinson R.J., Gavrilov L.R. (2009), A random phased array device for delivery of high intensity focused ultrasound, Physics in Medicine & Biology, 54(19): 5675–5693, doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/54/19/002.
11. Koch T., Lakshmanan S., Brand S., Wicke M., Raum K., Moerlein D. (2011), Ultrasound velocity and attenuation of porcine soft tissues with respect to structure and composition: I. Muscle, Meat Science, 88(1): 51–58, doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.12.002.
12. Kujawska T., Secomski W., Byra M., Postema M., Nowicki A. (2017), Annular phased array transducer for preclinical testing of anti-cancer drug efficacy on small animals, Ultrasonics, 76: 92–98, doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2016.12.008.
13. Law W.K., Frizzell L.A., Dunn F. (1985), Determination of the nonlinearity parameter B/A of biological media, Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, 11(2): 307–318, doi: 10.1016/0301-5629(85)90130-9.
14. Leslie T. et al. (2012), High-intensity focused ultrasound treatment of liver tumours: post-treatment MRI correlates well with intra-operative estimates of treatment volume, The British Journal of Radiology, 85(1018): 1363–1370, doi: 10.1259/bjr/56737365.
15. Li K., Bai J.F., Chen Y.Z., Ji X. (2018), Experimental evaluation of targeting accuracy of an ultrasound- guided phased-array high-intensity focused ultrasound system, Applied Acoustics, 141: 19–25, doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2018.06.011.
16. Li S., Wu P.H. (2013), Magnetic resonance imageguided versus ultrasound guided high-intensity focused ultrasound in the treatment of breast cancer, Chinese Journal of Cancer, 32(8): 441–452, doi: 10.5732/cjc.012.10104.
17. Masamune K., Kurima I., Kuwana K., Yamashita H., Chiba T., Dohi T. (2013), HIFU positioning robot for less-invasive fetal treatment, Procedia CIRP, 5: 286-289, doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2013.01.056.
18. Melodelima D., N’Djin W.A., Parmentier H., Chesnais S., Rivoire M., Chapelon J.Y. (2009), Thermal ablation by high-intensity-focused ultrasound using a toroid transducer increases the coagulated volume. Results of animal experiments, Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, 35(3): 425–435, doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.09.020
19. Nassiri D.K., Nicholas D., Hill C.R. (1979), Attenuation of ultrasound in skeletal muscle, Ultrasonics, 17(5): 230–232, doi: 10.1016/0041-624x(79)90054-4.
20. Orsi F., Arnone P., Chen W., Zhang L. (2010), High intensity focused ultrasound ablation: a new therapeutic option for solid tumors, Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 6(4): 414–420, doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.77064.
21. Schneider C.A., Rasband W.S., Eliceiri K.W. (2012), NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis, Nature Methods, 9(7): 671–675, doi: 10.1038/ nmeth.2089.
22. Shui L. et al. (2015), High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for adenomyosis: two-year follow-up results, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 27: 677–681, doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.05.024.
23. Treeby B.E., Jaros J., Rendell A.P., Cox B.T. (2012), Modeling nonlinear ultrasound propagation in heterogeneous media with power law absorption using a k-space pseudo-spectral method, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 131(6): 4324–4336, doi: 10.1121/1.4712021.
24. Veereman G. et al. (2015), Systematic review of the efficacy and safety of high-intensity focused ultrasound for localized prostate cancer, European Urology Focus, 1(2): 158–170, doi: 10.1016/j.euf.2015.04.006.
25. Wang Y., Wang Z.B., Xu Y.H. (2018), Efficacy, efficiency, and safety of magnetic resonance-guided highintensity focused ultrasound for ablation of uterine fibroids: comparison with ultrasound-guided method, Korean Journal of Radiology, 19(4): 724–732, doi: 10.3348/kjr.2018.19.4.724.
26. Wójcik J., Nowicki A., Lewin P.A., Bloomfield P.E., Kujawska T., Filipczynski L. (2006), Wave envelopes method for description of nonlinear acoustic wave propagation, Ultrasonics, 44: 310–329, doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2006.04.001.
27. Yu T., Xu C. (2008), Hyperecho as the indicator of tissue necrosis during microbubble-assisted high intensity focused ultrasound sensitivity, specificity and predictive value, Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, 34(8): 1343–1347, doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.01.012.
28. Zavaglia C., Mancuso A., Foschi A., Rampoldi A. (2013), High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: is it time to abandon standard ablative percutaneous treatments?, Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition, 2(4): 184–187, doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2013.05.02.
29. Zhang L., Rao F., Setzen R. (2017), High intensity focused ultrasound for the treatment of adenomyosis: selection criteria, efficacy, safety and fertility, Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 96(6): 707–714, doi: 10.1111/aogs.13159.
30. Zhang X., Li K., Xie B., He M., He J., Zhang L. (2014), Effective ablation therapy of adenomyosis with ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound, International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 124(3): 207–211, doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.08.022.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Łukasz Fura
1
Wojciech Dera
2
Cezary Dziekoński
2
Maciej Świątkiewicz
3
Tamara Kujawska
1

  1. Department of Ultrasound Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences
  2. Department of Theory of Continuous Media and Nanostructures Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences
  3. Department of Experimental Pharmacology Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences

This page uses 'cookies'. Learn more