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Abstract

The paper presents a formula useful for prediction of loss density in soft magnetic materials, which takes into account multi-scale energy dissipation. A universal phenomenological P(Bm, f) relationship is used for loss prediction in chosen soft magnetic materials. A bootstrap method is used to generate additional data points, what makes it possible to increase the prediction accuracy. A substantial accuracy improvement for estimated model parameters is obtained in the case, when additional data points are taken into account. The proposed description could be useful both for device designers and researchers involved in computational electromagnetism.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Szczygłowski
Paweł Kopciuszewski
Krzysztof Chwastek
Mariusz Najgebauer
Wiesław Wilczyński
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Abstract

The minimum size of the bootstrap algorithm input parameters have been determined for estimation of long-term indicators of road traffic noise. Two independent simulation experiments have been performed for that purpose. The first experiment served to determine the impact of original random sample size, and the second to determine the impact of number of the bootstrap replications on the accuracy and uncertainty of estimation of long-term noise indicators. The inference has been carried out based on results of non-parametric statistical test at significance level α = 0.05. The simulation experiments have shown that estimation of long-term noise indicators with uncertainty below ±1 dB(A) requires all-day noise measurements during three randomly selected days during the year in a dense urban development. The maximum size of original random sample should not exceed n = 50 elements. The minimum number of bootstrap replications necessary for estimation should be B = 5000. The data used to the simulation experiments and carry out the analysis were results of continuous monitoring of road traffic noise recorded in 2009 in one of the main arteries of Krakow in Poland.

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Authors and Affiliations

Bartłomiej Stępień
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Abstract

Indian states exhibit considerable heterogeneity in terms of revenue mobilizing capacities and efforts, development spending and fiscal dependence on the central government. In this context, the paper compares the fiscal performance of major Indian states in terms of two non-parametric performance evaluation models for the period 2009–10 to 2014–15. The study thus uses the conventional two stage framework for efficiency evaluation as well as the two stage conditional performance model. The outcomes enable us to identify front-runners as well as laggards in the area of fiscal management. Further, the study showed that the gross capital formation experienced by the states significantly influences state performance in India. However, the impact of outstanding liabilities on efficiency performance was statistically insignificant.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Ram Pratap Sinha
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology, Kolkata, India
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Abstract

The problem of estimation of the long-term environmental noise hazard indicators and their uncertainty is presented in the present paper. The type A standard uncertainty is defined by the standard deviation of the mean. The rules given in the ISO/IEC Guide 98 are used in the calculations. It is usually determined by means of the classic variance estimators, under the following assumptions: the normality of measurements results, adequate sample size, lack of correlation between elements of the sample and observation equivalence. However, such assumptions in relation to the acoustic measurements are rather questionable. This is the reason why the authors indicated the necessity of implementation of non-classical statistical solutions. An estimation idea of seeking density function of long-term noise indicators distribution by the kernel density estimation, bootstrap method and Bayesian inference have been formulated. These methods do not generate limitations for form and properties of analyzed statistics. The theoretical basis of the proposed methods is presented in this paper as well as an example of calculation process of expected value and variance of long-term noise indicators LDEN and LN. The illustration of indicated solutions and their usefulness analysis were constant due to monitoring results of traffic noise recorded in Cracow, Poland.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wojciech Michał Batko
Bartłomiej Stępień

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