The radial distribution system is a rugged system, it is also the most commonly used system, which suffers by loss and low voltage at the end bus. This loss can be reduced by the use of a capacitor in the system, which injects reactive current and also improves the voltage magnitude in the buses. The real power loss in the distribution line is the I2R loss which depends on the current and resistance. The connection of the capacitor in the bus reduces the reactive current and losses. The loss reduction is equal to the increase in generation, necessary for the electric power provided by firms. For consumers, the quality of power supply depends on the voltage magnitude level, which is also considered and hence the objective of the problem becomes the multi objective of loss minimization and the minimization of voltage deviation. In this paper, the optimal location and size of the capacitor is found using a new computational intelligent algorithm called Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA). To calculate the power flow and losses in the system, novel data structure load flow is introduced. In this, each bus is considered as a node with bus associated data. Links between the nodes are distribution lines and their own resistance and reactance. To validate the developed FPA solutions standard test cases, IEEE 33 and IEEE 69 radial distribution systems are considered.

Feeder reconfiguration (FR), capacitor placement and sizing (CPS) are the two renowned methods widely applied by the researchers for loss minimization with node voltage enrichment in the electrical distribution network (EDN), which has an immense impact on economic savings. In recent years, optimization of FR and CPS together can proficiently yield better power loss minimization and save costs compared to the individual optimization of FR and CPS. This work proposes an application of an improved salp swarm optimization technique based on weight factor (ISSOT-WF) to solve the cost-based objective function using CPS with and without FR for five different cases and three load levels, subject to satisfying operating constraints. In addition, to ascertain the impact of real power injection on additional power loss reduction, this work considers the integration of dispersed generation units at three optimal locations in capacitive compensated optimal EDN. The effectiveness of ISSOT-WF has been demonstrated on the standard PG&E-69 bus system and the outcomes of the 69-bus test case have been validated by comparing with other competing algorithms. Using FR and CPS at three optimal nodes and due to power loss reduction, cost-saving reached up to a maximum of 71%, and a maximum APLR of 26% was achieved after the installation of DGs at three optimal locations with the significant improvement in the bus voltage profile.