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Number of results: 8
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Biomimetic scaffolds based on chitosan in bone regeneration. A review

Anna Kołakowska Agnieszka Gadomska-Gajadhur Paweł Ruśkowski
Chemical and Process Engineering | 2022 | vol. 43 | No 3 | 305-330 | DOI: 10.24425/cpe.2022.142277
Keywords chitosan scaffolds biocompatibility bone regeneration
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Abstract

Chitosan (CS) is a polysaccharide readily used in tissue engineering due to its properties: similarity to the glycosaminoglycans present in the body, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, antibacterial character and owing to the fact that its degradation that may occur under the influence of human enzymes generates non-toxic products. Applications in tissue engineering include using CS to produce artificial scaffolds for bone regeneration that provide an attachment site for cells during regeneration processes. Chitosan can be used to prepare scaffolds exclusively from this polysaccharide, composites or polyelectrolyte complexes. A popular solution for improving the surface properties and, as a result enhancing cellbiomaterial interactions, is to coat the scaffold with layers of chitosan. The article focuses on a polysaccharide of natural origin – chitosan (CS) and its application in scaffolds in tissue engineering. The last part of the review focuses on bone tissue and interactions between cells and chitosan after implantation of a scaffold and how chitosan’s structure affects bone cell adhesion and life processes.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Kołakowska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Agnieszka Gadomska-Gajadhur
1
ORCID: ORCID
Paweł Ruśkowski
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland

Adsorptive Separation of p-Nitrotoluensulfonic Acid on Chitosan Beads

Roman Zarzycki Małgorzata DorabiaIska Witold Sujka Zofia Modrzejewska
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 1 | 21-28
Keywords adsorption chitosan beads p-nitrotoluensulfonic acid
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Abstract

Adsorption capacity of chitosan towards toxic p-nitrotoluenosulfonic acid (PNTS) was investigated in this study. An adsorption isotherm was determined at 293 K. The character of the process was specified. On the basis of calorimetric measurements the thermal power of the process was determined. The investigations revealed that chitosan was a good PNTS adsorbent, the adsorption of this compound had a character of chemisorption and took place on the adsorbent surface.
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Authors and Affiliations

Roman Zarzycki
Małgorzata DorabiaIska
Witold Sujka
Zofia Modrzejewska

Equilibrium modeling of mono and binary sorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) onto chitosan gel beads

Józef Nastaj Małgorzata Tuligłowicz Konrad Witkiewicz
Chemical and Process Engineering | 2016 | vol. 37 | No 4 December | 485-501 | DOI: 10.1515/cpe-2016-0040
Keywords chitosan heavy metals equilibrium modeling binary solutions
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Abstract

The objective of the work are in-depth experimental studies of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ion removal on chitosan gel beads from both one- and two-component water solutions at the temperature of 303 K. The optimal process conditions such as: pH value, dose of sorbent and contact time were determined. Based on the optimal process conditions, equilibrium and kinetic studies were carried out. The maximum sorption capacities equaled: 191.25 mg/g and 142.88 mg/g for Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions respectively, when the sorbent dose was 10 g/L and the pH of a solution was 5.0 for both heavy metal ions. One-component sorption equilibrium data were successfully presented for six of the most useful three-parameter equilibrium models: Langmuir-Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, Koble-Corrigan, Hill and Toth. Extended forms of Langmuir-Freundlich, Koble-Corrigan and Sips models were also well fitted to the two-component equilibrium data obtained for different ratios of concentrations of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions (1:1, 1:2, 2:1). Experimental sorption data were described by two kinetic models of the pseudo-first and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, an attempt to explain the mechanisms of the divalent metal ion sorption process on chitosan gel beads was undertaken.

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Authors and Affiliations

Józef Nastaj
Małgorzata Tuligłowicz
Konrad Witkiewicz

Facile synthesis of chitosan/CuO nanocomposites for potential use as biocontrol agents

P. Siriphannon Y. Iamphaojeen
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2018 | 66 | No 3 | 311-316
Keywords chitosan CuO nanocomposite hydrothermal antibacterial activity
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Authors and Affiliations

P. Siriphannon
Y. Iamphaojeen

Investigation of the protective effect of chitosan against arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative damage in rat kidney tissue

K. İrak Ö.Y. Çelik M. Bolacalı T. Tufan S. Özcan S. Yıldırım İ. Bolat
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2024 | vol. 27 | No 1 | 95-105 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2024.149339
Keywords arsenic chitosan nephrotoxicity oxidative stress rat
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Abstract

Arsenic is an important metalloid that can cause poisoning in humans and domestic animals. Exposure to arsenic causes cell damage, increasing the production of reactive oxygen species. Chitosan is a biopolymer obtained by deacetylation of chitin with antioxidant and metal ion chelating properties. In this study, the protective effect of chitosan on arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative damage was investigated. 32 male Wistar-albino rats were divided into 4 groups of 8 rats each as control group (C), chitosan group (CS group), arsenic group (AS group), and arsenic+chitosan group (AS+CS group). The C group was given distilled water by oral gavage, the AS group was given 100 ppm/day Na-arsenite ad libitum with drinking water, the CS group was given 200 mg/kg/day chitosan dissolved in saline by oral gavage, the AS+CS group was given 100 ppm/day Na-arsenite ad libitum with drinking water and 200 mg/kg/day chitosan dissolved in saline by oral gavage for 30 days. At the end of the 30-day experimental period, 90 mg/kg ketamine was administered intraperitoneally to all rats, and blood samples and kidney tissues were collected. Urea, uric acid, creatinine, P, Mg, K, Ca, Na, Cystatin C (CYS-C), Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1) levels were measured in serum samples. Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the supernatant obtained from kidney tissue were analyzed by ELISA method. Compared with AS group, uric acid and creatinine levels of the AS+CS group were significantly decreased (p<0.001), urea, KIM-1, CYS-C, NGAL, and MDA levels were numerically decreased and CAT, GSH, and SOD levels were numerically increased (p>0.05). In conclusion, based on both biochemical and histopathological-immunohistochemical- immunofluorescence findings, it can be concluded that chitosan attenuates kidney injury and protects the kidney.
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Authors and Affiliations

K. İrak
1
Ö.Y. Çelik
2
M. Bolacalı
3
T. Tufan
4
S. Özcan
4
S. Yıldırım
5
İ. Bolat
5
  1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
  3. Kırsehir Ahi Evran University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Kirsehir, Turkey
  4. Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
  5. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey

Induction of defensive enzymes in sunflower plants treated with agrochemicals against Macrophomina phaseolina

Khadeeja Ahmed Sido Wazeer Ali Hassan
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2022 | vol. 62 | No 4 | 341-349 | DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2022.143233
Keywords charcoal rot chitosan oxidative enzymes salicylic acid Trichoderma harzianum
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Abstract

This study was carried out for the estimation of polyphenols (TP) and induction of oxidative enzymes polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) in sunflower plants through seed immersion in agrochemicals of salicylic acid (SA) and water soluble chitosan (CH) in addition to a conidial suspension of Trichoderma harzianum and then analysis of plant content of carbohydrates and protein. The highest level of PPO 253.3 U ꞏ min –1 was detected in 50 ppm SA for 6 h. Next was T. harzianum when catalyzed PPO with 193.67 U ꞏ min –1. Peroxidase was substantially catalyzed in accordance with the increment of inducers. Sunflower roots induced TP with up to 4.88 mg ꞏ g –1 in plants treated with SA at 50 ppm for 6 h and then declined with an increasing SA dose. The total carbohydrate content in leaves of 320 mg ꞏ 100 g –1 was found in treatments of CH at 50 ppm for 6 h. In roots, a carbohydrate content of 500 mg ꞏ 100 g –1 was observed using CH 75 ppm for 6 h. Trichoderma harzianum remarkably increased proteins in leaves and roots by up to 25% compared to 16.9% in the control. These results suggest that inducing the plants’ own defense mechanism by applying salicylic acid and chitosan and bio-control of T. harzianum may offer alternative methods for controlling charcoal rot of sunflower due to the creation of defensive enzymes and could support plant vigor by enhancement of its protein and carbohydrate content.
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Authors and Affiliations

Khadeeja Ahmed Sido
1
Wazeer Ali Hassan
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Plant Protection Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Duhok, Iraq

Influence of shear direction on gelation ability of colloidal chitosan solutions

Anna Rył Piotr Owczarz
Chemical and Process Engineering | 2019 | vol. 40 | No 2 | 207-212 | DOI: 10.24425/cpe.2019.126113
Keywords sol-gel phase transition chitosan hydrogels rheometry measurements oscillatory shear rotational shear
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Abstract

This paper discusses the influence of the direction of applied deformation on the ability to gelation of thermosensitive chitosan hydrogels. The application of the shear rate equal in value to the classically performed oscillatory measurements leads to significantly different shapes of experimental curves. It was found that the type of mechanically applied deformation has a significant impact on the gelation ability of colloidal chitosan solutions and conditions of sol-gel phase transition. Simple shear leads to a phase transition at a lower temperature or in a shorter time compared to oscillatory tests. Moreover, based on the final values of dynamic viscosity in rotational measurements, it was found that stronger crosslinking of the polymer structure was observed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Rył
ORCID: ORCID
Piotr Owczarz
ORCID: ORCID

Exogenous regulation of the potatoes’ adaptive potential when using bio stimulants

Aleksandra V. Shitikova Adewale A. Abiala Alexander A. Tevchenkov Svetlana S. Bazhenova Nikolay N. Lazarev Evgeniya M. Kurenkova
Journal of Water and Land Development | 2022 | No 54 | 234-238 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2022.141577
Keywords abiotic stress antioxidant biopolymer chitosan growth regulators potato N-tester near infrared normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI)
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Abstract

Potato from the Solanaceae family is one of the most important crops in the world and its cultivation is common in many places. The average yield of this crop is 20 Mg·ha –1 and it is compatible with climatic conditions in many parts of the world. The experiment studied the possibility of exogenous regulation of the adaptive potential available for four potato cultivars through the use of growth stimulants with different action mechanisms: 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) and chitosan biopolymer (CHT). The results allowed us to establish significant differences in growth parameters, plant height, leaf index, vegetation index, chlorophyll content, and yield structure. Monitoring growth and predicting yields well before harvest are essential to effectively managing potato productivity. Studies have confirmed the empirical relationship between the normalised difference vegetation index ( NDVI) and N-tester vegetation index data at various stages of potato growth with yield data. Statistical linear regression models were used to develop an empirical relationship between the NDVI and N-tester data and yield at different stages of crop growth. The equations have a maximum determination coefficient (R 2) of 0.63 for the N-tester and 0.74 for the NDVI during the flowering phase (BBCH 1 65). NDVI and N-tester vegetation index positively correlated with yield data at all growth stages.
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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksandra V. Shitikova
1
Adewale A. Abiala
1
Alexander A. Tevchenkov
1
Svetlana S. Bazhenova
1
Nikolay N. Lazarev
1
Evgeniya M. Kurenkova
1
  1. Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Department of Plant Production and Meadow Ecosystems, Timiryazevskaya St. 49, Moscow, 127422, Russia

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