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Domestic hard coal supplies to the energy sector: the impact of global coal prices

Jacek Kamiński
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management | 2019 | vol. 35 | No 1 | 141-164 | DOI: 10.24425/gsm.2019.128204
Keywords optimization energy coal mining industry fuel and energy sector coal imports
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Abstract

The paper analyzes the impact of potential changes in the price relation between domestic and imported coal and its influence on the volume of coal imported to Poland. The study is carried out with the application of a computable model of the Polish energy system. The model reflects fundamental relations between coal suppliers (domestic coal mines, importers) and key coal consumers (power plants, combined heat and power plants, heat plants, industrial power plants). The model is run under thirteen scenarios, differentiated by the ratio of the imported coal price versus the domestic coal price for 2020–2030. The results of the scenario in which the prices of imported and domestic coal, expressed in PLN/GJ, are equal, indicate that the volume of supplies of imported coal is in the range of 8.3–11.5 million Mg (depending on the year). In the case of an increase in prices of imported coal with respect to the domestic one, supplies of imported coal are at the level of 0.4–4.1 million Mg (depending on the year). With a decrease in the price of imported coal, there is a gradual increase in the supply of coal imports. For the scenario in which a 30% lower imported coal price is assumed, the level of imported coal almost doubles (180%), while the supply from domestic mines is reduced by around 28%, when compared to the levels observed in the reference scenario. The obtained results also allow for the development of an analysis of the range of coal imports depending on domestic versus imported coal price relations in the form of cartograms.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jacek Kamiński

Coal supply prospects in Poland and Selected European Union Countries

Monika Pepłowska
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management | 2021 | vol. 37 | No 3 | 31-52 | DOI: 10.24425/gsm.2021.138657
Keywords coal import coal supply coal sector coal in Poland coal in Europe
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Abstract

The raw material economy determines energy security for individual countries in the world. Coal is one of the most important energy carriers for electricity production and heat generation. World market trends of fossil raw materials such as hard coal and lignite were presented. In the European Union a significant decrease in coal and lignite consumption has been observed in recent years. This situation is primarily related to the accelerating decarbonisation policy and support of renewable energy sources, which are considered to be environmentally friendly. The pandemic occurring in recent years has also played an important role in shaping the raw materials market. The author shows the possibilities and directions in which the coal economy has prospects for development and expansion. The amount of the world’s coal resources is presented, as well as the size of the global consumption of the raw material in the 2000–2011 years, specifying in China, India, Asia, the USA and the countries of the European Union. The structure of the coal economy is presented in the light of the policies and laws enacted by the European Union Comission, in particular in Poland, Germany and France. The appearance of the hard coal sector and lignite sector in Poland is described in detail. The size of resources was given in terms of coal classification. The presented data were based on a range of information and reports from world organizations such as the International Energy Agency or British Petroleum.
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Authors and Affiliations

Monika Pepłowska
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland

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