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Effects of non- aureus staphylococci on colostrum composition, properties and fatty acid profile in cow – a preliminary study

A. Pikhtirova E. Pecka-Kiełb A. Zachwieja J. Bujok F. Zigo
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2022 | vol. 25 | No 4 | 571-578 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.143540
Keywords cow colostrum fatty acids non-aureus staphylococci
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Abstract

By providing the body with essential nutrients, colostrum plays an immune and immunostimulating function. Colostrum quality depends on multiple factors, including microbial presence. This study aimed to explore the effect of non-aureus staphylococci on colostrum quality. Physical and chemical properties, fatty acid profile of cow colostrum were determined. In our study, we identified three non- aureus staphylococci species in the colostrum: S. sciuri, S. xylosus and S. warneri. The percentage of dry matter in staphylococci positive and negative colostrum samples did not differ significantly. Contents of fat, protein, and lactose in the colostrum were similar. The content of butyric (С4:0) and capric (С10:0) acids was significantly higher in the colostrum fat from samples positive for non- aureus staphylococci. Total bacterial count was lower in non- aureus staphylococci positive samples, while pH increased. The percentage of β-casein was lower in colostrum with a positive culture for non- aureus staphylococci.
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Authors and Affiliations

A. Pikhtirova
1
E. Pecka-Kiełb
2
A. Zachwieja
3
J. Bujok
2
F. Zigo
4
  1. Sumy State University, Department of Public Health, Rymskogo-Korsakova 2, Sumy 40007, Ukraine
  2. Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Norwida 31, Wroclaw 50-375, Poland
  3. Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Cattle Breeding and Milk Production, Chełmońskiego 38c, Wroclaw 51-630, Poland
  4. University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Animal Breeding, Komenskeho 73, Kosice 041 81, Slovak Republic

Oxidative stress in cows according to calving season: passive calf immunity and its relationship with colostrum quality

H.E. Çolakoğlu M.O. Yazlık E.Ç. Çolakoğlu U. Kaya R. Bayramoğlu S. Kurt R. Vural Ş. Küplülü
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2021 | vol. 24 | No 2 | 225-233 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2021.137657
Keywords calf colostrum cow immunoglobulin calving season
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Abstract

This study details the relationship between maternal plasma oxidant-antioxidant enzymes with colostrum quality, serum gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM concentrations of calves in the different calving seasons. Holstein breed cows between two and eight lactations and their calves were enrolled in the study. Holstein cows calving in winter (n=45) and their calves (n=45) were assigned to the winter group, while cows calving in summer (n=45) and their calves (n=45) were assigned to the summer group. Samples for malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were collected on day -21±3 before expected calving and also on calving day (Day 0). IgG and the specific gravity of the colostrum were determined after calving. Serum GGT and IgG and IgM were measured before the feeding, with colostrum, of calves (0 hours) and also in the 24th hour following the feeding of colostrum. Plasma MDA levels at -21±3 and 0 days in the summer cows were determined to be higher. GSH-Px activity was higher in the winter cows. IgG levels and the specific gravity of the colos- trum were also higher in the winter cows. Calf IgG levels at the 24th hour of life were higher in the winter cows. In the winter group, IgM levels at 0 and 24 hours were also higher. While MDA was negatively correlated with IgG, IgM, GGT, IgG and the specific gravity of colostrum, GSH-Px activity had a positive correlation with IgG, IgM, GGT, IgG and the specific gravity of colostrum. The observed differences in plasma MDA, GSH-Px, calf serum IgG and IgM levels, and colostrum quality between both groups suggest a possible seasonal effect. The relationship between maternal oxidant-antioxidant enzymes, colostrum quality, and passive calf immunity revealed that these enzymes could be used as indicators in the evaluation of calf health and colos- trum quality.
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Authors and Affiliations

H.E. Çolakoğlu
1
M.O. Yazlık
1
E.Ç. Çolakoğlu
2
U. Kaya
3
R. Bayramoğlu
4
S. Kurt
5
R. Vural
1
Ş. Küplülü
1
  1. Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
  2. Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
  3. Hayat Mustafa Kamel University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, 31001, Hatay, Turkey
  4. Veterinary Practitioner, Farm Animal Managament Practicer, Western Thrace, Greece
  5. Dicle University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 21200, Diyarbakır, Turkey

Changes in acid-base balance in neonatal goats before and two hours after colostrum intake

Z. Bezděková K. Mikulková M. Pleško R. Kadek J. Illek
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2020 | vol. 23 | No 3 | 399-403 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2020.134684
Keywords acid-base balance parameters blood kids goats colostrum
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Abstract

The purpose of the study was to obtain values of acid-base balance and basic biochemical parameters in neonatal kids of the White Shorthaired goat depending on colostrum intake. The research was focused on changes in acid-base balance parameters and basic biochemical parameters in neonatal kids before and two hours after colostrum intake. Total of 66 blood samples were taken from 33 neonatal kids. Blood pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), bicarbonate concentration (cHCO3 -), base excess (BE), oxygen saturation (cSO2), total carbon dioxide (TCO2), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), chloride (Cl-), glucose (Glu), lactate (Lac), creatinine (Crea), hematocrit (Hct) and haemoglobin (Hgb) were measured. There were no statistically significant differences in acid-base balance parameters such as pO2, pCO2, TCO2, cSO2 and biochemical parameters such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, lactate between the two groups - before colostrum intake (group BF) and after colostrum intake (group AF). There were statistically significant differences in acid-base balance parameters such as pH, BE, cHCO3 - between these groups. Differences in acid-base values of pH, BE and cHCO3 - were statistically significant (p˂0.05). Differences in biochemical values of creatinine and glucose were statistically significant (p˂0.05). Differences in values of hematocrit and haemoglobin were statistically significant (p˂0.05). The present results are important for veterinary practice and can improve the neonatal care especially for impaired kids.

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Authors and Affiliations

Z. Bezděková
K. Mikulková
M. Pleško
R. Kadek
J. Illek

Comparison of effect of parenteral and oral supplementation of Selenium and vitamin E on selected antioxidant parameters and udder health of dairy cows

M. Vasiľ F. Zigo Z. Farkašová E. Pecka-Kielb J. Bujok J. Illek
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2022 | vol. 25 | No 1 | 155-164 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.140852
Keywords dairy cows calving colostrum glutathione peroxidase milk malondialdehyde mastitis
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of parenteral and oral supplementation of Selenium (Se) and vitamin E (VTE) on selected antioxidant parameters in blood and colostrum as well as their effect on the incidence of mastitis in dairy cows during the final phase of gravidity (6 weeks) and first two weeks after calving. For the practical part of the study 36 dairy cows of Slovak pied breed in the second to fourth lactation-gestation cycle were selected. The animals weredivided into three groups: the control (C) and two experimental groups (D1 and D2). The selected groups were treated as follows: in group D1 products containing Se (Selevit inj.) and vitamin E (Erevit sol. inj.) were administered intramuscularly twice, six and three weeks prior to parturition; in group D2 a vitamin-minerals supplement in the form of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and dl-α-tocopherol acetate were supplemented orally for six weeks calving. The blood samples were collected from the vena jugularis in dairy cows approximately 42 days before calving (control sampling), on parturition day, and the 14th day after calving. Higher concentrations of Se and VTE were found in the blood plasma samples of both experimental groups collected on the day of parturition. In addition, the orally supplemented group (D2) showed higher Se and α-tocopherol concentrations in blood plasma on the14th day after calving as well a reduction of occurrence of mastitis by about 25 % compared to the control group. The relationship between inflammatory response and oxidative stress was also confirmed. The concentrations of milk malondialdehyde indicating lipid peroxidation during mastitis were significantly higher in milk samples from infected cows than in milk samples from healthy animals in each monitored group. In order to prevent oxidative stress and moderate inflammatory response in dairy cows it is very important to optimally balance their nutritive needs with an appropriate ratio of Se and VTE supplements. Therefore we still recommend supplementation of the cows’ postpartum dietwith 0.5 mg of Se/kg dry matter (DM) and 102 mg of dl-α-tocopherol acetate/kg DM to stabilize their optimal blood levels, stimulate the activity of glutathione peroxidase and reduce the incidence of mastitis.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Vasiľ
1
F. Zigo
1
Z. Farkašová
1
E. Pecka-Kielb
2
J. Bujok
2
J. Illek
3
  1. Department of Nutrition and Animal Husbandry, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenského 73, Košice, 04001, Slovakia
  2. Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
  3. Large Animal Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic

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