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Ultimate load of laminated plates subjected to simultaneous compression and shear

Ryszard Grądzki Katarzyna Kowal-Michalska

Archive of Mechanical Engineering | vol. 48 | No 3 | 249-264

Keywords laminated plates combined loading ultimate load

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Abstract

This work deals with the analysis of elasto-plastic post-buckling state of rectangular laminated plates subjected to combined loads, such as uniform compression and shear. The plates are built of specially orthotropic symmetrical layers. The analysis is carried out on the basis of nonlinear theory of orthotropic plates involving plasticity. The solution can be obtained in the analytical-numerical way using Prandtl-Reuss equations. The preliminary results of numerical calculations are also presented in figures.

Authors and Affiliations

Ryszard Grądzki

Katarzyna Kowal-Michalska

Controllability of linear convex combination of linear discrete-time fractional systems

Tadeusz Kaczorek Jerzy Klamka Andrzej Dzieliński

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2022 | 70 | 5 | e143102 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2022.143102

Keywords fractional order systems controllability linear convex combination

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Abstract

In this paper the controllability properties of the convex linear combination of fractional, linear, discrete-time systems are characterized and investigated. The notions of linear convex combination and controllability in the context of fractional-order systems are recalled. Then, the controllability property of such a linear combination of discrete-time, linear fractional systems is proven. Further, the reduction of an infinite problem of transition matrix derivation is reduced to a finite one, which greatly simplifies the numerical burden of the controllability issue. Examples of controllable and uncontrollable, single-input, linear systems are presented. The possibility of extension of the considerations to multi-input systems is shown.

Authors and Affiliations

Tadeusz Kaczorek

1

e-mail: t.kaczorek@pb.edu.pl

ORCID:

Jerzy Klamka

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Andrzej Dzieliński

3

e-mail:

ORCID:

Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, ul. Wiejska 45D, Bialystok, Poland
Institute of Theoretical and Applied Informatics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Bałtycka 5, Gliwice, Poland
Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, ul. Koszykowa 75, Warsaw, Poland

Combined modelling for iron ore demand forecasting with intelligent optimization algorithms

Min Ren Jianyong Dai Wancheng Zhu Feng Dai

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management | 2021 | vol. 37 | No 1 | 21-38 | DOI: 10.24425/gsm.2021.136293

Keywords iron ore demand combined model intelligent optimization algorithm forecasting accuracy

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Abstract

The stable supply of iron ore resources is not only related to energy security, but also to a country’s sustainable development. The accurate forecast of iron ore demand is of great significance to the industrialization development of a country and even the world. Researchers have not yet reached a consensus about the methods of forecasting iron ore demand. Combining different algorithms and making full use of the advantages of each algorithm is an effective way to develop a prediction model with high accuracy, reliability and generalization performance. The traditional statistical and econometric techniques of the Holt–Winters (HW) non-seasonal exponential smoothing model and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model can capture linear processes in data time series. The machine learning methods of support vector machine (SVM) and extreme learning machine (ELM) have the ability to obtain nonlinear features from data of iron ore demand. The advantages of the HW, ARIMA, SVM, and ELM methods are combined in various degrees by intelligent optimization algorithms, including the genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and simulated annealing (SA) algorithm. Then the combined forecast models are constructed. The contrastive results clearly show that how a high forecasting accuracy and an excellent robustness could be achieved by the particle swarm optimization algorithm combined model, it is more suitable for predicting data pertaining to the iron ore demand.

Bibliography

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5. Box, G.E.P. and Jenkins, G.M. 1976. Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control. Holden-Day, San Francisco.
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7. D’Amico et al. 2020 – D’Amico, A., Ciulla, G., Tupenaite, L. and Kaklauskas, A. 2020. Multiple criteria assessment of methods for forecasting building thermal energy demand. Energy and Buildings 224, 110220.
8. Eberhart, R. and Kennedy, J. 1995. A new optimizer using particle swarm theory. [In:] MHS’95. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Micro Machine and Human Science, pp. 39–43.
9. Holland, J.M. 1975. Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems. The University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.
10. Huang et al. 2006 – Huang, G.B., Zhu, Q.Y. and Siew, C.K. 2006. Extreme learning machine: theory and applications. Neurocomputing 70, pp. 489–501.
11. Jia, L.W. and Xu, D.Y. 2014. Analysis and Prediction of the Demand for Iron Ore: Using Panel, Grey, Co-Integration and ARIMA Models. Resources Science 36(7), pp. 1382–1391.
12. Kazemzadeh et al. 2020 – Kazemzadeh, M.R., Amjadian, A. and Amraee, T. 2020. A hybrid data mining driven algorithm for long term electric peak load and energy demand forecasting. Energy 204, 117948
13. Liu et al. 2016 – Liu, X.L., Moreno, B. and Garcia, A.S. 2016. A grey neural network and input-output combined forecasting model. Primary energy consumption forecasts in Spanish economic sectors. Energy 115, pp. 1042–1054.
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18. Song et al. 2018 – Song, J.J., Wang, J.Z. and Lu, H.Y.2018. A novel combined model based on advanced optimization algorithm for short-term wind speed forecasting. Applied Energy 215, pp. 643–658.
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20. Wang et al. 2018 – Wang, J., Luo, Y.Y., Tang, T.Y. and Peng, G. 2018. Modeling a combined forecast algorithm based on sequence patterns and near characteristics: An application for tourism demand forecasting. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 108, pp. 136–147.
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Authors and Affiliations

Min Ren

1

Jianyong Dai

2

Wancheng Zhu

3

Feng Dai

3

e-mail:

ORCID:

Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
University of South China, Hengyang, China
Northeastern University, Shenyang

A new marine geoid model for Argentina combining altimetry, shipborne gravity data and CHAMP/GRACE-type EGMs

Claudia Tocho Georgios S. Vergos Michael G. Sideris

Geodesy and Cartography | 2005 | vol. 54 | No 4 | 177-189

Keywords Marine geoid altimetry shipborne gravity IOST "combined" EGM GRACE CHAMP

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Abstract

Marine geoid modelling in the Atlantic coastal region of Argentina is problematic. Firstly, because of the insufficient amount of available shipborne gravity data, which renders a purely gravimetric solution not feasible. Secondly, because of the very strong ocean currents, that affect the quality of satellite altimetry data, so that a purely altimetrie model is too noisy, even after low-pass filtering the Sea Surface Heights (SSHs) to remove (part of) the influence of the oceanographic signals. Thus, the recommended solution is to employ a combination method and the use of all the available gravity and altimetry data together. This is a suitable solution since (i) combination methods such as least squares collocation and Input Output System Theory (!OST) inherently low-pass filter and weigh the data, and (ii) will make use of the altimetrie heights to fill the gaps of the shipborne gravity data. Following this idea, purely altimetrie, gravimetric and combined (using the !OST method) marine geoid models have been estimated for Argentina, employing all available shipborne gravity data, satellite altimetry SSHs and the latest Earth Gravity Models (EGMs) developed from CHAMP and GRACE missions. The new EGMs are especially useful to assess the quality of the new geoid models, especially against EGM96, which was used in an older ERSl-only solution for the same area. From the comparison of the estimated geoid models with respect to stacked TOPEX/Poseidon SSHs, the authors found that the altimetrie model provides the best agreement while the combined one improves the accuracy (I a) of the gravimetric solution.

Authors and Affiliations

Claudia Tocho

Georgios S. Vergos

Michael G. Sideris

Fractal Analysis of Noise Signals of Sampo and John Deere Combine Harvesters in Operational Conditions

Farzad Mahdiyeh Boroujeni Ali Maleki

Archives of Acoustics | 2019 | vol. 44 | No 1 | 89-98 | DOI: 10.24425/aoa.2019.126355

Keywords sound combine fractal dimension engine speed sliding window

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Abstract

Combine harvesters are the source a large amount of noise in agriculture. Depending on different working conditions, the noise of such machines can have a significant effect on the hearing condition of drivers. Therefore, it is highly important to study the noise signals caused by these machines and find solutions for reducing the produced noise. The present study was carried out is order to obtain the fractal dimension (FD) of the noise signals in Sampo and John Deere combine harvesters in different operational conditions. The noise signals of the combines were recorded with different engine speeds, operational conditions, gear states, and locations. Four methods of direct estimations of the FD of the waveform in the time domain with three sliding windows with lengths of 50, 100, and 200 ms were employed. The results showed that the Fractal Dimension/Sound Pressure Level [dB] in John Deere and Sampo combines varied in the ranges of 1.44/96.8 to 1.57/103.2 and 1.23/92.3 to 1.51/104.1, respectively. The cabins of Sampo and John Deere combines reduced and enhanced these amounts, respectively. With an increase in the length of the sliding windows and the engine speed of the combines, the amount of FD increased. In other words, the size of the suitable window depends on the extraction method of calculating the FD. The results also showed that the type of the gearbox used in the combines could have a tangible effect on the trend of changes in the FD.

Authors and Affiliations

Farzad Mahdiyeh Boroujeni

Ali Maleki

A novel combinational evaluation method of voltage and reactive power in regional power grid containing renewable energy

Yuqi Ji Xuehan Chen Han Xiao Shaoyu Shi Jing Kang Jialin Wang Shaofeng Zhang

Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2021 | vol. 70 | No 4 | 925-942 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2021.138270

Keywords adaptive weighting coefficient combinational evaluation renewable energy typical scenarios

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Abstract

The output of renewable energy is strongly uncertain and random, and the distribution of voltage and reactive power in regional power grids is changed with the access to large-scale renewable energy. In order to quantitatively evaluate the influence of renewable energy access on voltage and reactive power operation, a novel combinational evaluation method of voltage and reactive power in regional power grids containing renewable energy is proposed. Firstly, the actual operation data of renewable energy and load demand are clustered based on the K-means algorithm, and several typical scenarios are divided. Then, the entropy weight method (EWM) and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are combined to evaluate the voltage qualified rate, voltage fluctuation, power factor qualified rate and reactive power reserve in typical scenarios. Besides, the evaluation results are used as the training samples for back-propagation (BP) neural networks. The proposed combinational evaluation method can calculate the weight coefficient of the indexes adaptively with the change of samples, which simplifies the calculation process of the indexes’ weight. At last, the case simulation of an actual regional power grid is provided, and the historical data of one year is taken as the sample for training, evaluating and analyzing. And finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified based on the comparison with the existing method. The evaluated results could provide reference and guidance to the operation analysis and planning of renewable energy.

Bibliography

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[4] Zhou Q., Wang N.B., Shen C.Y., Zhao L., Wang D.M., Zhang J.M., Analysis of the reasons and prospect for the abandonment of new energy power in China, Proceedings of the 2016 5th International Conference on Energy and Environmental Protection, Shenzhen, China (2016).
[5] Tang Z.Y., Hill D.J., Liu T., Two-stage voltage control of subtransmission networks with high penetration of wind power, Control Engineering Practice, vol. 62, pp. 1–10 (2017), DOI: 10.1016/j.conengprac.2017.02.013.
[6] da Costa J.N., Passos J.A., Henriques R.M., Loading margin sensitivity analysis in systems with significant wind power generation penetration, Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 175, pp. 1–9 (2019), DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2019.105900.
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Authors and Affiliations

Yuqi Ji

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Xuehan Chen

1

Han Xiao

2

Shaoyu Shi

2

Jing Kang

2

Jialin Wang

2

Shaofeng Zhang

2

Zhengzhou University of Light Industry College of Electrical and Information Engineering, China
Sanmenxia Power Supply Company of State Grid Henan Electric Power Company, China

Ways of step-by-step assessments of transformation and dynamics of soils and vegetation functioning in Kazakhstan ecosystems

Tilepbergen Ryspekov Marzhan Balkozha

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2023 | No 57 | 210-219 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2023.145352

Keywords deposit ecosystem relations natural landscapes spatial combinations stages vegetation degradation

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Abstract

On the basis of the obtained expeditionary data, the authors performed a comprehensive analysis of the ecosystems’ modern transformation in the studied area. In the course of the analysis, the authors found that at the present stage there have been quantitative changes (depletion of natural resources) in used landscapes, along with them, there are changes in qualitative characteristics (accumulation of resources). Now, against the background of vegetation and soil degradation, ways of their restoration are observed. New combinations of degraded and self-recovering ecosystems have emerged. Based on the analysis of the current state of different ecological systems and their relationships, the authors determined the possibilities of the dynamics of their combinations functioning by stages. This will make it possible to give a more reliable forecast of the ongoing processes in the ecosystems of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Authors and Affiliations

Tilepbergen Ryspekov

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Marzhan Balkozha

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Faculty of Agrobiology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Faculty of Water, Land and Forest Resources, 8 Abai Ave, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Combined treatment technology for storm runoff and circulating waters from vehicle transport enterprises

Oleksandr Kvartenko Andriy Lysytsya Nataliya Kovalchuk Ihor Prysiazhniuk Oksana Pletuk

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2021 | No 50 | 180-186 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2021.138173

Keywords circulating waters combined reagents magnetic field vehicle transport enterprises

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Abstract

The development of transport infrastructure strengthens the technogenic burden on the environment. Waste, thaw and rain waters from vehicle transport enterprises, such as car-washing installations, petrol stations, and car service stations may pollute ground and surface waters, and adjacent landscapes. The article presents quality parameters and suggests a number of measures permitting to minimize the harmful impact on the environment. The purpose is to improve the reagent treatment technology applicable to surface runoff from vehicle transport enterprises and the reuse of circulating waters by improving well-known methods with original technological procedures and chemical reagents. Research methods include the use of potentiometry, titrometry, and gravimetry. The investigation has shown the possibility to increase the efficiency of runoff treatment and removal of suspended particles and dissolved organic matter by 20–30%. This can be achieved by the application of a permanent magnetic field of 30–40 mT and the subsequent processing by the solution of aluminum chlorohydrate. Optimum parameters have been determined regarding magnetic field and processing conditions. It has been proven that the use of aluminum chlorohydrate in combination with polyhexamethyleneguanidine hydrochloride simplifies substantially the technological cycle. A better treatment can be achieved in comparison with the usual coagulant by 25%. Heavy metal ions are removed from water and the method includes microbiological disinfection and preservation of water in storage reservoirs. The improved technological scheme suggests the reagent treatment of storm and circulating waters for their repeated use.

Authors and Affiliations

Oleksandr Kvartenko

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Andriy Lysytsya

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Nataliya Kovalchuk

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Ihor Prysiazhniuk

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Oksana Pletuk

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Educational and Scientific Institute of Construction and Architecture, Rivne 11 Soborna St., 33028, Ukraine
Rivne State University of Humanities, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Plastova St, 31, Rivne, 33000, Ukraine

Heimische Konfixe

Josef Schu

Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny | 2021 | No 3 | 438-464 | DOI: 10.24425/kn.2021.139068

Keywords German morphology word formation lexicology native combining forms language change

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Abstract

In contrast to foreign combining forms, native combining forms are usually treated as elements on the margin of German word formation. At the same time the question is under discussion, how the notion of combining form has to be defined. Based on a semantically oriented notion, as presented in reference books, and using a large sample of items, it is argued that elements like SCHWIEGER(vater), STIEF- (kind), (Vogel)KUNDE, (Hallen)WART are just the often mentioned examples of a category with a broad range of elements and with communicative relevance. Native combining forms are not only remains of former language periods, but are permanently produced by language users in order to meet their communicative needs.

Authors and Affiliations

Josef Schu

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken

Optimization design of a new hybrid magnetic circuit motor

Mingling Gao Shilong Yan Chenglong Yu Wenjing Hu Huihui Geng Hongbin Yin Mingjun Xu Yufeng Zhang

Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2024 | vol. 73 | No 1 | 201-218 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2024.148865

Keywords combination of electromagnetic and permanent magnets hybrid magnetic circuit optimization of rotor structure

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Abstract

The combination of permanent magnets and electrically excited windings creates an air gap magnetic field. The development of a hybrid magnetic circuit motor with an adjustable magnetic field is of great significance. This article introduces a hybrid magnetic circuit motor design that combines salient pole electromagnetic and permanent magnets. A tubular magnetic barrier has been designed to reduce inter-pole leakage and enhance the usage rate of permanent magnets in the hybrid magnetic circuit motor. The optimum eccentricity of the rotor has been accurately designed, resulting in an improved sinusoidal distribution of the air gap magnetic density waveform. An analysis of the static composite magnetic field under various excitation currents has been conducted, showcasing the capability of the hybrid magnetic circuit motor to stably adjust the air gap flux density level and output torque. A prototype has undergone comprehensive trial production and testing, conclusively confirming the machine’s superior output performance.

Authors and Affiliations

Mingling Gao

1

Shilong Yan

1

Chenglong Yu

2

Wenjing Hu

1

Huihui Geng

1

Hongbin Yin

1

Mingjun Xu

1

Yufeng Zhang

1

Shandong University of Technology 266 Xincun West Road, Zhangdian District, Zibo, Shandong Province, China
Zibo Yongtai Motor Co., Ltd Zichuan District, Zibo, Shandong, China

Stability of convex linear combinations of continuous-time and discrete-time linear systems

Tadeusz Kaczorek

Archives of Control Sciences | 2023 | vol. 33 | No 4 | 789-799 | DOI: 10.24425/acs.2023.148881

Keywords convex linear combination linear system continuous-time discrete-time positive system stability

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Abstract

The asymptotic stability of the convex linear combination of continuous-time and discretetime linear systems is considered. Using the Gershgorin theorem it is shown that the convex linear combination of the linear asymptotically stable continuous-time and discretetime linear systems is also asymptotically stable. It is shown that the above thesis is also valid (even simpler) for positive linear systems.

Authors and Affiliations

Tadeusz Kaczorek

1

e-mail: t.kaczorek@pb.edu.pl

ORCID:

Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty ofElectrical Engineering, Wiejska 45D, 15-351 Białystok, Poland

Identification of risk factors related to the production and use of alternative fuels

Oleksandr Ivashchuk Bartosz Łamasz Natalia Iwaszczuk

Polityka Energetyczna - Energy Policy Journal | 2019 | vol. 22 | No 1 | 97-112

Keywords waste energy recovery alternative fuels risk combined heat and power plants heating plants electricity and heat

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Abstract

The article analyzes the risk factors related to the energy use of alternative fuels from waste. The essence of risk and its impact on economic activity in the area of waste management were discussed. Then, a risk assessment, on the example of waste fractions used for the production of alternative fuel, was carried out. In addition, the benefits for the society and the environment from the processing of alternative fuels for energy purposes, including, among others: reducing the cost of waste disposal, limiting the negative impact on water, soil and air, reducing the amount of waste deposited, acquisition of land; reduction of the greenhouse effect, facilitating the recycling of other fractions, recovery of electricity and heat, and saving conventional energy carriers, were determined. The analysis of risk factors is carried out separately for plants processing waste for alternative fuel production and plants producing energy from this type of fuel. Waste processing plants should pay attention to investment, market (price, interest rate, and currency), business climate, political, and legal risks, as well as weather, seasonal, logistic, technological, and loss of profitability or bankruptcy risks. Similar risks are observed in the case of energy companies, as they operate in the same external environment. Moreover, internal risks may be similar; however, the specific nature of the operation of each enterprise should be taken into account. Energy companies should pay particular attention to the various types of costs that may threaten the stability of operation, especially in the case of regulated energy prices. The risk associated with the inadequate quality of the supplied and stored fuels is important. This risk may disrupt the technological process and reduce the plant’s operational efficiency. Heating plants and combined heat and power plants should also not underestimate the non-catastrophic weather risk, which may lead to a decrease in heat demand and a reduction in business revenues. A comprehensive approach to risk should protect enterprises against possible losses due to various types of threats, including both external and internal threats.

Authors and Affiliations

Oleksandr Ivashchuk

Bartosz Łamasz

Natalia Iwaszczuk

Directions of sustainable development of electricity generation sources in National Power System

Bolesław Zaporowski

Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi Polskiej Akademii Nauk | 2018 | Nr 104 | 5-18 | DOI: 10.24425/124364

Keywords sustainable development National Power System (NPS) power plant combined heat and power (CHP) plant energy effectiveness economic effectiveness

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Abstract

The paper presents an analysis of the sustainable development of electricity generation sources in the National Power System (NPS). The criteria to be met by sustainable power systems were determined. The paper delineates the power balance of centrally dispatched power generation units (CDPGU), which is required for the secure work of the NPS until 2035. 19 prospective electricity generation technologies were defined. They were divided into the following three groups: system power plants, large and medium combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as well as small power plants and CHP plants (distributed sources). The quantities to characterize the energy effectiveness and CO2 emission of the energy generation technologies analyzed were determined. The unit electricity generation costs, discounted for 2018, including the costs of CO2 emission allowance, were determined for the particular technologies. The roadmap of the sustainable development of the generation sources in the NPS between 2020 and 2035 was proposed. The results of the calculations and analyses were presented in tables and figure

Authors and Affiliations

Bolesław Zaporowski

Sustainable development of generation sources in the National Electric Power System

Bolesław Zaporowski

Polityka Energetyczna - Energy Policy Journal | 2021 | vol. 24 | No 3 | 79-92

Keywords sustainable development National Electric Power System (NEPS) power plant combined heat and power (CHP) plant electricity generation costs

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Abstract

This article presents an analysis of the sustainable development of generation sources in the Polish National Electric Power System (NEPS). First, the criteria for this development were formulated. The paper also discusses the current status of generation sources, operating in power plants and combined heat and power (CHP) plants of NEPS. Furthermore, it includes a prediction of power balance in NEPS, determining; predicted electricity gross use, predicted demand for peak capacity during the winter peak, predicted demand for peak capacity during the summer peak and required new capacity of centrally dispatched generation units (CDGUs) in 2025, 2030, 2035 and 2040 that would ensure NEPS operational security. Twenty prospective technologies of electricity generation and combined electricity and heat production were analyzed. These were divided into three groups: system power plants, high- and medium-capacity combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as well as small-capacity power plants and CHP plants (dispersed sources). The unit costs of electricity generation discounted for 2021 were calculated for the analyzed technologies, taking the costs of CO2 emission allowances into account. These costs include: capital costs, fuel costs, maintenance costs, operation costs and environmental costs (CO2 emission allowances). This proceeds to a proposal of a program of the sustainable development of generation sources in NEPS, which includes the desired capacity structure of power plants and CHP plants, and the optimal structure of electricity production in 2030 and 2040. The results of calculations and analyses are presented in tables and figure.

Bibliography

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Zaporowski, B. 2016. Sustainable development of the electricity generation sources (Zrównoważony rozwój źródeł energii elektrycznej). Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 19(3), pp. 35–48 (in Polish).
Zaporowski, B. 2019. Energy and economic effectiveness of prospective generation technologies for Polish electric power industry (Efektywność energetyczna i ekonomiczna perspektywicznych dla polskiej elektroenergetyki technologii wytwórczych). Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej 63, część 2, pp. 87–90 (in Polish).

Authors and Affiliations

Bolesław Zaporowski

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Institute of Electric Power Engineering of Poznań University of Technology, Poznań, Poland

Combined model of optimal electricity production: evidence from Ukraine

Yuliia Halynska Tetiana Bondar Valerii Yatsenko Viktor Oliinyk

Polityka Energetyczna - Energy Policy Journal | 2022 | vol. 25 | No 1 | 39-58

Keywords optimal production of electricity electricity tariffs combined model traditional sources green tariffs resource saving

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Abstract

The article proposes a methodology for the formation of a combined model of the equilibrium values of pricing and the volume of electricity production, taking into account green and traditional sources of electricity production on the example of Ukraine. In accordance with the projected price and volume of electricity production in 2021, a model for redistributing electricity sources were considered, taking into account the minimization of budgetary resources and the risk of electricity production with appropriate restrictions in the production of various types of electricity and their impact on minimizing the price for the end user.
The studies have shown that important factors in the formation of electricity prices are indicators of the cost and volume of production, distribution and transportation of electricity to consumers, which largely depends on the formation and further development of the energy market in Ukraine. Also, the redistribution of the volumes of traditional and non-traditional electricity in the common “pot” is of great importance while minimizing risks and budgetary constraints. Balancing the system for generating electricity from various sources will help not only optimize long-term electricity prices and minimize tariffs for the end user, but also allow planning profit in the form of long-term market return on investment.
The analysis of the results showed that the optimal distribution of energy production makes it possible to obtain energy resources in the required volume with lower purchase costs and with minimal risk.

Authors and Affiliations

Yuliia Halynska

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Tetiana Bondar

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Valerii Yatsenko

3

e-mail:

ORCID:

Viktor Oliinyk

3

e-mail:

ORCID:

Department of International Economic Relations, Sumy State University, Ukraine
Department of Management, Sumy State University, Ukraine
Economic Cybernetics Department, Sumy State University, Ukraine

Experimental Study of the Strip Coal Pillar Models Failure with Different Roof and Floor Conditions

Xiao Qu Shaojie Chen Dawei Yin Shiqi Liu

Archives of Mining Sciences | 2021 | vol. 66 | No 3 | 475-490 | DOI: 10.24425/ams.2021.138601

Keywords “roof-strip coal pillar-floor” combined specimen failure characteristics acoustic emission laboratory experiment

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Abstract

In order to study the failure mechanism and characteristics for strip coal pillars, a monitoring device for strip coal pillar uniaxial compression testing was developed. Compression tests of simulated strip coal pillars with different roof and floor rock types were conducted. Test results show that, with increasing roof and floor strength, compressive strength and elastic modulus of “roof-strip coal pillar-floor” combined specimens increase gradually. Strip coal pillar sample destruction occurs gradually from edge to the interior. First macroscopic failure occurs at the edge of the middle upper portion of the specimen, and then develops towards the corner. Energy accumulation and release cause discontinuous damage in the heterogeneous coal-mass, and the lateral displacement of strip coal pillar shows step and mutation characters. The brittleness and burst tendency of strip coal pillar under hard surrounding rocks are more obvious, stress growth rate decreases, and the rapid growth acoustic emission (AE) signal period can be regarded as a precursor for instability in the strip coal pillar. The above results have certain theoretical value for understanding the failure law and long-term stability of strip coal pillars.

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Authors and Affiliations

Xiao Qu

1

Shaojie Chen

1

Dawei Yin

Shiqi Liu

Hohai University, China

On the validation of CHAMP- and GRACE-type GGMs and the construction of a combined model

Georgios S. Vergos Ilias N. Tziavos Michael G. Sideris

Geodesy and Cartography | 2006 | vol. 55 | No 3 | 115-131

Keywords Satellite gravity missions geopotential model combined global geopotential model GGM validation

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Abstract

A number of new satellite-only Global Gravity Models (GGMs) become progressively available based on the CHAMP and GRACE satellite mission data. These models promise higher (compared to older GGMs) accuracy in the determination of the low and medium harmonics of the Earth's gravity field. In the present study, the latest GGMs generated from CHAMP and GRACE data (namely EIGEN2, EIGEN3p, GGM0IC, GGM0IS and GRACED IS) have been studied with respect ro their accuracy and performance when used in gravity field approximation. A spectral analysis of the new models has been carried out, employing their degree and error-degree variances. In this way, their performance against each other and with respect to EGM96 was assessed, and the parts of the gravity field spectrum that each model describes more accurately have been identified. The results of the analysis led to the development of a combined geopotential model, complete to degree and order 360, whose coefficients were those of CHAMP until degree 5, then GRACE until degree 116, and EGM96 for the rest of the spectrum. Finally, a validation of all models (the combined included) has been performed by comparing their estimates against GPS/levelling data in land areas and TOPEX/Poseidon sea surface heights in marine regions. All rests have taken place over Greece and the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea. From the results obtained it was concluded that the combined GGM developed provides more accurate results (compared to EGM96), in terms of the differences with the control datasets, at the level of 1-2 cm geoid and 1-2 mGal for gravity (ICT). Furthermore, the absolute geoid accuracy that the combined GGM offers is 12.9 cm (ICT) for 11 = 120, 25 cm for 11 = 200 and 33 cm for n = 360, compared to 29 cm, 36 cm and 42 cm for EGM96, respectively.

Authors and Affiliations

Georgios S. Vergos

Ilias N. Tziavos

Michael G. Sideris

Thermodynamic analysis of an innovative steam turbine power plant with oxy-methane combustors

Vladimir Olegovich Kindra Sergey Konstantinovich Osipov Olga Vladimirovna Zlyvko Igor Alexandrovich Shcherbatov Vladimir Petrovich Sokolov

Archives of Thermodynamics | 2021 | vol. 42 | No 4 | 123-140 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2021.139654

Keywords Combined cycle power plant Carbon capture and storage system Precombustion capture Post-combustion capture Oxy-fuel combustion

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Abstract

The Rankine cycle steam turbine power plants make a base for world electricity production. The efficiency of modern steam turbine units is not higher than 43–45%, which is remarkably lower compared to the combined cycle power plants. However, an increase in steam turbine power plant efficiency could be achieved by the rise of initial cycle parameters up to ultra-supercritical values: 700–780˚C, 30–35 MPa. A prospective steam superheating technology is the oxy-fuel combustion heating in a sidemounted combustor located in the steam pipelines. This paper reviews thermal schemes of steam turbine power plants with one or two side-mounted steam superheaters. An influence of the initial steam parameters on the facility thermal efficiency was identified and primary and secondary superheater parameters were optimized. It was found that the working fluid superheating in the side-mounted oxy-methane combustors leads to an increase of thermal efficiency higher than that with the traditional boiler superheating in the initial temperature ranges of 700–780˚C and 660–780˚C by 0.6% and 1.4%, respectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

Vladimir Olegovich Kindra

1

Sergey Konstantinovich Osipov

1

Olga Vladimirovna Zlyvko

1

Igor Alexandrovich Shcherbatov

1

Vladimir Petrovich Sokolov

1

National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Krasnokazarmennaya 14, Moscow, 111250 Russia

Thermodynamic analysis of cycle arrangements of the coal-fired thermal power plants with carbon capture

Vladimir Olegovich Kindra Igor Alexandrovich Milukov Igor Vladimirovich Shevchenko Sofia Igorevna Shabalova Dmitriy Sergeevich Kovalev

Archives of Thermodynamics | 2021 | vol. 42 | No 4 | 103-121 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2021.139653

Keywords Combined cycle power plant Carbon capture and storage system Precombustion capture Post-combustion capture Oxy-fuel combustion

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Abstract

The electricity production by combustion of organic fuels, especially coal, increases the atmospheric CO2 content, which contributes to global warming. The greenhouse gas emissions by the power production industry may be reduced by the application of CO2 capture and storage systems, but it remarkably decreases the thermal power plant (TPP) efficiency because of the considerable increase of the auxiliary electricity requirements. This paper describes the thermodynamic analysis of a combined cycle TPP with coal gasification and preliminary carbon dioxide capture from the syngas. Utilization of the heat produced in the fuel preparation increases the TPP net efficiency from 42.3% to 47.2%. Moreover, the analysis included the combined cycle power plant with coal gasification and the CO2 capture from the heat recovery steam generator exhaust gas, and the oxy-fuel combustion power cycle with coal gasification. The coal-fired combined cycle power plant efficiency with the preliminary CO2 capture from syngas is 0.6% higher than that of the CO2 capture after combustion and 9.9% higher than that with the oxy-fuel combustion and further CO2 capture. The specific CO2 emissions are equal to 103 g/kWh for the case of CO2 capture from syngas, 90 g/kWh for the case of CO2 capture from the exhaust gas and 9 g/kWh for the case of oxy-fuel combustion.

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Authors and Affiliations

Vladimir Olegovich Kindra

1

Igor Alexandrovich Milukov

1

Igor Vladimirovich Shevchenko

1

Sofia Igorevna Shabalova

1

Dmitriy Sergeevich Kovalev

1

National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Krasnokazarmennaya 14, Moscow, 111250 Russia

Thermodynamic analysis of a combined cycle power plant located in Jordan: A case study

Khaled Bataineh Bara A. Khaleel

Archives of Thermodynamics | 2020 | vol. 41 | No 1 | 95-123 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2020.132951

Keywords Combined cycle power plant energy efficiency Exergy efficiency Exergy destruction Exergy losses

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Abstract

Efficiency and electrical power output of combined cycle power plants vary according to the ambient conditions. The amount of these variations greatly affects electricity production, fuel consumption, and plant incomes. Obviously, many world countries have a wide range of climatic conditions, which impact the performance of power plants. In this paper, a thermodynamic analysis of an operating power plant located in Jordan is performed with actual operating data acquired from the power plant control unit. The analysis is performed by using first and second laws of thermodynamics. Energy and exergy efficiencies of each component of the power plant system are calculated and the effect of ambient temperature on the components performance is studied. The effects of gas turbine pressure ratio, gas turbine inlet temperature, load and ambient conditions on the combined cycle efficiency, power outputs and exergy destruction are investigated. Energy and exergy efficiencies of the combined cycle power plant are found as 45.29%, and 42.73% respectively when the ambient temperature is 34 ◦C. Furthermore, it is found that the combustion chamber has the largest exergy destruction rate among the system components. The results showed that 73% of the total exergy destruction occurs in the combustion chamber when the ambient temperature is 34 ◦C. Moreover, the results show that the second major exergy loss is in HRSC. The results show that the energy and exergy efficiency of the combined cycle power plant decreases as the ambient temperature increases. According to the calculation results, improvement and modification suggestions are presented.

Authors and Affiliations

Khaled Bataineh

Bara A. Khaleel

Measurement of combined gap in whole process of transmission lines' live working based on 3D laser point cloud

Ying Wang Haitao Zhang Qiang Lv Qiang Gao Mingxing Yi

Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2023 | vol. 72 | No 3 | 737 –753 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2023.146047

Keywords 3D model combined gap laser point cloud live working transmission lines

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Abstract

Transmission lines’ live working is one of an effective means to ensure the reliable operation of transmission lines. In order to solve the unsafe problems existing in the implementation of traditional live working, the paper uses ground-based lidar to collect point cloud data. A tile based on the pyramid data structure is proposed to complete the storage and calling of point cloud data. The improved bidirectional filtering algorithm is used to distinguish surface features quickly and obtain a 3D model of the site. Considering the characteristics of live working, the speed of data reading and querying, the nearest point search algorithm based on octree is used to acquire a real- time calculation of the safe distance of each point in the planned path, and the safety of the operation mode is obtained by comparing with the value specified in the regulation, and assist in making decisions of the operation plan. In the paper, the simulation of the actual working condition is carried out by taking the “the electric lifting device ascending” as an example. The experimental results show that the established three-dimensional model can meet the whole process control of the operation, and has achieved practical effect.

Authors and Affiliations

Ying Wang

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Haitao Zhang

1 2 3

Qiang Lv

3

Qiang Gao

3

Mingxing Yi

3

School of Automation & Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Gansu, China
Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University Gansu, China
The UHV Company of State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company, Gansu, China

Short-term wind power combined prediction based on EWT-SMMKL methods

Jun Li Liancai Ma

Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2021 | vol. 70 | No 4 | 801-817 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2021.138262

Keywords combined model empirical wavelet transform prediction soft margin multiple kernel learning wind power

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Abstract

Since wind power generation has strong randomness and is difficult to predict, a class of combined prediction methods based on empiricalwavelet transform(EWT) and soft margin multiple kernel learning (SMMKL) is proposed in this paper. As a new approach to build adaptive wavelets, the main idea is to extract the different modes of signals by designing an appropriate wavelet filter bank. The SMMKL method effectively avoids the disadvantage of the hard margin MKL method of selecting only a few base kernels and discarding other useful basis kernels when solving for the objective function. Firstly, the EWT method is used to decompose the time series data. Secondly, different SMMKL forecasting models are constructed for the sub-sequences formed by each mode component signal. The training processes of the forecasting model are respectively implemented by two different methods, i.e., the hinge loss soft margin MKL and the square hinge loss soft margin MKL. Simultaneously, the ultimate forecasting results can be obtained by the superposition of the corresponding forecasting model. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, it was applied to an actual wind speed data set from National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) for short-term wind power single-step or multi-step time series indirectly forecasting. Compared with a radial basic function (RBF) kernelbased support vector machine (SVM), using SimpleMKL under the same condition, the experimental results show that the proposed EWT-SMMKL methods based on two different algorithms have higher forecasting accuracy, and the combined models show effectiveness.

Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Jun Li

1

Liancai Ma

1

Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China

High-power pump combiners for Tm-doped fibre lasers

D. Stachowiak P. Kaczmarek K.M. Abramski

Opto-Electronics Review | 2015 | vol. 23 | No 4 | 259-264

Keywords fibre lasers thulium-doped fibres pump power combiners tapered fibre bundles

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Abstract

In this paper our results of investigation on a pump power combiner in a configuration of 7×1 are presented. The performed combiner, with pump power of 80–85% transmission level, was successfully applied in a thulium doped fibre laser. The performed all-fibre laser setup reached a total CW output power of 6.42 W, achieving the efficiency on a 32.1% level

Authors and Affiliations

D. Stachowiak

P. Kaczmarek

K.M. Abramski

Comparative BER Analysis of Free Space Optical System Using Wavelength Diversity over Exponentiated Weibull Channel

Dhaval Shah Hardik Joshi Dilipkumar Kothari

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications | 2021 | vol. 67 | No 4 | 665-672 | DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2021.137860

Keywords bit error rate Exponentiated Weibull distribution FSO Wavelingth Diversity Optimal combining

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Abstract

Atmospheric turbulence is considered as major threat to Free Space Optical (FSO) communication as it causes irradiance and phase fluctuations of the transmitted signal which degrade the performance of FSO system. Wavelength diversity is one of the techniques to mitigate these effects. In this paper, the wavelength diversity technique is applied to FSO system to improve the performance under different turbulence conditions which are modeled using Exponentiated Weibull (EW) channel. In this technique, the data was communicated through 1.55 μm, 1.31 μm, and 0.85 μm carrier wavelengths. Optimal Combining (OC) scheme has been considered to receive the signals at receiver. Mathematical equation for average BER is derived for wavelength diversity based FSO system. Results are obtained for the different link length under different turbulence conditions. The obtained average BER results for different turbulence conditions characterized by EW channel is compared with the published result of average BER for different turbulence which is presented by classical channel model. A comparative BER analysis shows that maximum advantage of wavelength diversity technique is obtained when different turbulence conditions are modeled by EW channel.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dhaval Shah

1

Hardik Joshi

1

Dilipkumar Kothari

1

Faculty of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India

1
2

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